...(6.9) is an extension of Newton's Third Law: to every action there is always opposed an equal reaction; or, the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts (Resnick and Halliday, 1977, p. 79). Here action refers to force, so equal and opposite forces describe...

...the same quality and the same quantity. This equation is, in my view, present in Newton's third law: "the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts" (Newton, 1946, 13; Newton, 1999, 417). This is readily seen from the commentary on the third law "If...

...than force, provide the foundation of relativistic dynamics. 41 According to the third law of motion, "The mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts." 42 Li bears citing here at length: This law can only apply to the motion of average [macroscopic] bodies....

...Rules in his justification but to Law III: To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts.17 accepted the Newtonian system, though with important reservations . . . Huygens declared that...

...uniquely his own: "To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or, the mutual action of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts." Hence, if one body acts upon another at a distance, the second also acts on the first with an equal...

...Newton's third law states (after translation): "To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or, the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts [in opposite directions]." Applying the second law to a simple body at rest or in uniform motion (and...

...which that force is impressed. Third Law: To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction; or the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other...are always equal, and directed to contrary parts. In particular Newton constructed his mechanics to comply with Galilean relativity: an observer in uniform...

...equation (2.70). Newton's third law that "to every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other...are always equal, and directed to contrary parts" is true in general relativity also. However, we must be careful, because Newton's gravitational force...

...required. LAW III: LAW OF ACTION-REACTION To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction; or, the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal and directed to contrary parts. This law illustrates that forces never act in isolation but always in pairs. When two objects interact,...

...the Principia this law is stated thus: "To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or, the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other...are always equal, and directed to contrary parts." Newton illustrated the application of this law with the example of a finger pressing a stone and the...