est capite sup. ver. 23, regnasse Jeroboam | consulted only the printed Hebrew text, for anno Amasiæ, patris Azariæ, decimo quinto. there it is expressed four different ways in Dictum fuerat eodem capite ver. 2. Amasiam, this same chapter; Ozriah, Ozrihu, Oziah, patrem Azariæ, regnasse annos viginti novem. and Ozihu! Our oldest Heb. MS. happily Jam ab anno Amasiæ decimo quinto, quo relieves us here, by reading truly (in verses Jeroboam regnavit, usque ad annum ejus- 1, 6, and 7) W, Ozihu (Uzziah) where dem Amasiæ vigesimum nonum, quo ex- the printed text is differently corrupted. pleto regnavit Azarias, intercedunt tantum This reading is called true; because it is anni quatuordecim. Ergo Jeroboam, cum supported by the Syriac and Arabic versions, Amasias mortuus est, non regnarat, plus in these three verses; because the printed quam annos quatuordecim, atque adeo text itself has it so, in verses 32 and 34 of Azarias, mortuo Amasiæ succedens, initium this very chapter; because it is so expressed regnandi habuit anno Jeroboam decimo in the parallel place in Chronicles; and quarto, non autem ejusdem vigesimo septimo. because it is (not Agapias, but) Ogias, in St. Ergo ut temporum ratio hæc constet, quam Matthew's Genealogy. vidimus capite sup. ver. 2 et 23, legendum, non very, vigesimo septimo, sed

, decimo quarto, quem numerum habet Josephus Historicus.

Maurer.

venisse

Gesen. (whom Jehovah helps) and pr. n. m. Azariah. a) A king of Judah called also q. v.

and

(might of Jehovalı, fr ) Uzziah, pr. n. m. Sept. 'Ogías. a) A king Sed hæc iis, quæ 2 Reg. xiv. 23, et ib. of Judah from 811 to 759 B.C., 2 Kings vs. 17; cf. 2 Chron. xxv. 25 leguntur, xv. 13, 30, &c. In 2 K. xiv. 21; xv. 1, 6, manifesto repugnant. Quod si enim anno 7, 8, 23, 27, he is also called and, Amaziæ decimo quinto Jerobeamus imperium which however is prob. not another name of inivit, Amazia autem postea adhuc quin- the same king, but would seem to have decim annos vixit, luce clarius est, ad Usiam arisen from an error of the copyists, and regnum anno Jerobeami decimo being similar; see Thesaur. p. 1011. quinto. Hinc igitur ut se expedirent, alii Gesen. Thesaur.- et, in codd. interregnum supposuerunt, alii Jerobeamum passim (potentia Jovæ) n. pr. LXX. Joaso, patri, ad bellum Syriacum profecturo ogias, Vulg. Ozias, quod gerunt 1) rex in imperii societatem adjunctum esse suspi- Judæ, Amaziæ filius, Jothami pater, Hoseæ cati, annum Jerobeami vigesimum septimum et Amosi prophetarum æqualis (Hos. i. 1; ab eo tempore computandum censuerunt, Am. i. 1), post 52 annorum (811–759 a. quo ille cum patre regnare coepisset. Sed Chr.) imperium in nosocomio, in quo propter neque interregni neque communionis imperii lepram inclusus erat, mortuus. 2 Reg. vestigium reperitur. Præterea temporum xv. 13, 30, &c. Sed in altero libro Regum sequentium rationes impediunt, quo minus octo novemve locis continuis xiv. 21; xv. 1, interregnum supponamus. Societatem vero 6, 7, 8, 17, 23, 27 (addendus enim locus imperii non admittunt rationes temporum xv. 13, ubi pæne 60 codd. Kenn. et Rossii præcedentium. Vid. Obss. meas in Hoseam habent ) pro eo legitur et in Commentt. theoll. T. II. P. I., p. 285, sq. Quare ego quidem non dubito, subesse in loci nostri numero errorem, ex litterarum (15) cum (27) permutatione fortasse natum, quam conjecturam etiam aliis nostrae ætatis hominibus video esse probatam.

Azariah.

Ken., Gesen., Maurer, Ged., Booth.Uzziah.

LXX. 'Acapías, Vulg. Azarias. Quum ex contextu manifestum sit, nullo modo duo eiusdem regis nomina ibi cogitari posse, sed omne hoc discrimen ex antiquo librariorum

et confundentium (v. infra no. 3) errore profectum esse, iam veteres interpretes, ut sibi constaret rerum gestarum memoria, omnibus locis idem nomen reponendum esse existimarunt: idque LXX ita instituerunt, ut ubique (etiam xv. 13, 30, 32, 34) scriberent 'Agapias, quum contra Peschito cum Arabe ubique (ex Paralipp.) scribant

Ken. The confusion arising from a corruption of proper names has been already noted; and is a just cause both of surprise and complaint. The person here mentioned is no less than a king of Judah, and yet we,. Et hi quidem recte. can scarce tell what his real name was;

DI A

at least, it would be very difficult, if we Namque scripturam concors quinque

בֶן־יָרָבְעָם עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּשֹׁמְרוֹן שִׁשָׁה quam semel aberraverat librarius in altero

nasse in Judam anno Jeroboam 140. Nam, Houb.-13h nw yum bruho, (regnavit cùm ab anno illo 140. Jeroboam usque ad Sellum) anno trigesimo nono Oziæ. Esset ejusdem 41um. eundemque ultimum, non legendum, emo, vigesimo nono, si sint plures anni, quàm 28 sequitur Zacha- Zachariæ regnum non fuisset longius menriam, Jeroboami filium, regnare debuisse sibus sex, ut legitur ver. 8, nam Zacharias anno Azariæ 280. non autem, ut hic narratur, regnaverat anno Azariæ (vel Oziæ) vigesimo 380. Ergò, ut in priore nostrâ emenda- nono. Sed rectè, trigesimo nono, quoniam tione, ex locis parallelis factâ, consistamus, addendi sunt ad regnum Zachariæ anni sequitur esse hic legendum,, decem. Vide Præfationem de Sellum. vigesimo octavo, non autem D', Cæterùm, quòd nunc nominatur, qui trigesimo octavo, ut etiam Lud. Cappello anteà nominabatur,

videbatur.
Maurer.
Budd. Hist. Eccl. V. T., tom. ii., p. 519:
"Si Jerobeamus anno Azaria (Usiæ) vi-
gesimo sexto vel vigesimo septimo mortuus
est, quo pacto Zacharias anno Azariæ tri-

rectè conjicit Grotius, id factum fuisse ex eo, quòd olim

formæ vicinitatem.

Uzziah. See notes on ver. 1.

Ver. 16.

fueritque in mutatum, ob ,עוזיה legeretur [בִּשְׁנַת שְׁלֹשִׁים וּשְׁמֹנֶה שָׁנָה לַעֲזַרְיָהוּ

אָז יַכֶּה מְנַחֵם אֶת־תִּפְסַח וְאֶת־כָּל־ gesimo octavo succedere potuit? Planissime אֲשֶׁר־בָּהּ וְאֶת־גְּבוּלֶיהָ מִתִּרְצָה כִּי לֹא omnein expedire videntur, qui פָתַח וַיִּךְ אֶת כָּל־הֶהָרוֹתֶיהָ בִּקְעַ:

τότε ἐπάταξε Μαναήμ καὶ τὴν Θερσὰ καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ, καὶ τὰ ὅρια αὐτῆς ἀπὸ Θερσὰ, ὅτι οὐκ ἤνοιξαν αὐτῷ, καὶ ἐπάταξεν αὐτὴν, καὶ τὰς ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχούσας ἀνέῤῥηξεν.

mihi rem interregnum constituunt. Sane turbulentus admodum fuit eo tempore regni Israelitici status; unde interregnum aliquod fuisse, mirum non est.” Rectissime hoc quidem. Sed quod existimant chronologi, interregnum spatium undecim annorum superasse, in eo errant. cf. Obss. 1. 1., p. 286, sq. D'ÝT MÝÝ] Au. Ver.-16 Then Menahem smote Sex menses, quos Sacharia imperium tenuit, Tiphsah, and all that were therein, and the posteriores esse anni Usiæ trigesimi octavi, coasts thereof from Tirzah: because they ex eo apparet, quod qui Sachariam excepit, opened not to him, therefore he smote it; atque unum tantum mensem regnavit, and all the women therein that were with Schallumus, anno Usiæ trigesimo nono reg-child he ripped up. Houb..-... num occupasse dicitur (vs. 13) cf. Obss. 1. 1., p. 287. cussit eam, et (omnes prægnantes ejus scidit). Sic legunt omnes veteres, nec aliter sua constabit orationi series.

Ver. 10, 11, 12.

Au. Ver.-10 And Shallum the son of Jabesh, conspired against him, and smote him before the people, and slew him, and reigned in his stead.

Il And the rest of the acts of Zachariah, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.

-et per, ויכה ואת,Lege : ויך את

Dathe.-16 Tunc Menahemus expugnavit Tiphsahum, cujus incolas omnes interfecit et terminos vastavit usque ad Tirzam, quoniam ei portas non aperuerant. In qua ejus cæde a) gravidas adeo mulieres discidit.

. וַיַּבָּהּ וְאֵת legendum videtur וַיַּךְ אֵת a) Pro

Sic omnes legerunt et sensus jubet. Kennicottus sex codd. citavit, in quibus exstat.

12 This was the word of the LORD which he spake unto Jehu, saying, Thy sons shall sit on the throne of Israel unto the fourth generation. And so it came to pass. Maurer.-16] vid. ad Ex. xv. 1. Ged. and Booth. place the twelfth verse] Sunt, qui existiment, hoc o esse before the eleventh.

Houb.-10 : Lege D, plenè, Sellum, ut infrà ver. 13. Ita Codex Orat. 57. Ita etiam Veteres.

Ver. 13.

Au. Ver.-13 Shallum the son of Jabesh began to reign in the nine and thirtieth year of Uzziah king of Judah; and he reigned a full month [Heb., a month of days] in Samaria.

Tapsacum urbem ad Euphratem, eandem illam, cujus Xenoph. Anab. i. 4, al. mentionem faciunt. Quod non nego sed pernego ea de causa, quod Menachem non is fuit, qui in tam latum terrarum spatium, quale Tirzæ, oppido Ephr., et Tapsaco interjectum est, tamque magnam et locupletem urbem (Xenoph. 1. 1.) victricia arma proferret. Quod Salomoni contigit (iv. 24) totius Israelitarum regni potentissimo domino, de

eo civitatis a capite revulsæ omnique scelere mon people; upon whom he laid no tax, inde ab initiis laceratæ regulo ne licuit cogi- but charged only the rich, according to the tare quidem. Cum Ros. igitur aliisque proportion of their wealth. For the Hebrew statuendum erit, Tapsacum h. 1. aliam ejus- words do not import that he made every rich dem nominis urbem fuisse, sitam eam pro- man in Israel pay fifty shekels; but that he pius a Samaria. cum Ros. gave to the king of Assyria so many shekels (Archæol. ii. 1., p. 270) aliisque inde a for every man; that is, for every one in his Tirza converterim, quasi tota regio Tirzæ et army. So they run exactly, "to give to the Tapsaco interjecta a Menachemo devastata king of Assyria fifty shekels of silver for fuerit, quod haud probabile est, sed excur- each man.' sione ex oppido Tirza facta. Sc. cum initio commatis construendum est. Consentientes habeo Schulzium et de Wettium. Mira est Dathii versio: usque ad Terzam. Ver. 17.

Houb.-20 Proptereà Manahem omnibus divitibus Israel pecuniam imperavit, quam daret Regi Assyriorum, nempe unicuique argenti siclos quinquaginta.

, et exiit, vel exire fecit. Non convenit hæc sententia cum his verbis, in omnes Omnes Veteres Booth.-divites, quæ sequuntur. legunt &, et levavit, vel imposuit; nempe Græci Intt. kai ¿§ŋveyкe, et extulit; Chaldæus,, Syrus,, sententiâ eâdem, quæ optimè quadrat in res subsequentes.

Au. Ver. 19 And Pul the king of Assyria came against the land, &c.

Maurer.-19] Hitzigio Begriff, p. 126, legendum videtur . Vav utique facile excidere potuit præcedente ".

Ver. 20.

Dathe.-20 Quam pecuniam regi Assyriæ solvendam exegit a divitibus, ita ut singuli darent quinquagenos siclos argenteos.

Ver. 23, 27.

Au. Ver.-Azariah.

Ken., Gesen., Maurer, Ged., Booth.

רגן

Au. Ver. But Pekah the son of Rema

liah, a captain of his, conspired against him, and smote him in Samaria, in the palace of and with him fifty men of the Gileadites : the king's house, with Argob and Arieh, and he killed him, and reigned in his room. A captain. See notes on Exod. xiv. 7, vol. i., p. 267.

under Pekahiah; for the Hebrew word Bp. Patrick.—He was a great commander shalish signifies more than a bare captain. Therefore Josephus calls him a chiliarch, or

an officer over a thousand men. And the

Pool. Of each man, i. e., of each of word carrying in it the notion of three, some those wealthy Israelites. But as each of later writers have therefore thought him to these were not equally wealthy, so it is not be the third person in the kingdom, next the probable that he taxed them equally. Others king. No question he was some considertherefore render it to or for each man, i. e., able person who had soldiers at his command for every Assyrian soldier: which interto execute his designs. pretation is favoured by the placing of the words in the Hebrew text, which differs from that in our translation.

Bp. Patrick.-Menahem exacted the money of Israel, even of all the mighty men of wealth, &c.] By this means, I suppose, he thought to ingratiate himself with the com

He killed him.
Houb.-25

...

: Duo Codices Orat. , plene, et interfecit eum.

Ver. 29.

Au. Ver.-Tiglath Pileser.

Bp. Patrick.-Tiglath-pileser.] He was

the son of Pul, and is called by other authors | Ahaz, in the twentieth year after Jotham Phul, or Phul-assur, and here Tiglath-pul- had begun to reign: Ush. 758]. assur: the former part of this name being Pool. In the twentieth year of Jotham taken from the river Tigris, which is called the son of Uzziah.] Quest. How could this by the inhabitants Diglito; from whose be, when Jotham reigned only sixteen years, borders this king came. There is a learned below, ver. 33? Answ. The meaning is, man of our own, who hath lately given that he began his reign in the twentieth another account of the name of Pileser. year after the beginning of Jotham's reign; For he thinks it is compounded of the or, which is the same thing, in the fourth names of two of their gods, Pil being the year of Ahaz, son of Jotham, as appears same with Bel, and Azer or Azar was the from chap. xvi. 2. But the sacred writer, name of a planet worshipped by the Per- having not yet made mention of Ahaz, sians, viz. Mars: and they much affected to thought it more proper to number Hoshea's have the names of their gods in their own years by Jotham, of whom he had spoken, names; which was a common thing also than by Ahaz. Besides, as Jotham did among the Jews: for which reason the name reign divers years in his father's life, so of Tiglath was added, which was the name might Ahaz in Jotham's life, and Jotham of Tigris, which, as all great beneficial might for divers reasons (which it is needrivers, mountains, and trees, was accounted less here to inquire) resign up the adminissacred among the heathen (see Dr. Hyde, tration of the kingdom wholly into Ahaz's Histor. Relig. Vet. Persar., cap. 3). hands some years before his death, and Gesen. pr. n. m. Tiglath- therefore might be said to reign but sixteen pileser, king of Assyria, B.c. 753-734. years, though he lived longer.

2 Kings xv. 29; xvi. 10.

Written also an

Bp. Patrick. And reigned in his stead, 2 Kings xvi. 7; 1 Chron. in the twentieth year of Jotham.] These v. 6; 2 Chron. xxviii. 20; and words create a difficulty; for it is said, ver. 1 Chron. v. 26.—The first part of the name seems to be equivalent to Diglath, the river Tigris, see ; pp. acer, swift. The latter part, which appears also in the name Nabopolasar, is prob. i. q., Pers. magnus

33, that Jotham reigned but sixteen years. Which Seder Olam Rabba thus reconciles (for none can think any writer whatsoever would so soon contradict himself), that this conspiracy was begun in the latter end of Jotham's reign, but not put in execution till four years after his death. So that these words are to be understood as if he had said, «

Twenty years after Jotham began to reign over Judah Pekah was slain." Dr. Lightfoot gives another account of it; that the wickedness of Ahaz was so great, that the holy writer would not mention him on this occasion, but rather speaks of his good father, as if he were yet alive, in which he follows R. Solomon Jarchi. But this hath no show of truth in it; since so much is said of Ahaz in the following part of this history. A late very learned writer (in his short view of the Chronology of the Old Testament, p. 47) hath given a better account of it, in these words: “ Because there had been yet no mention made of Ahaz's reign, therefore the old epocha of his predecessor Jotham is still made use of." But the plain truth is, that Jotham reigned four years with his father Azariah.

Au. Ver.-30 And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and smote him, and slew him, and reigned in his stead [after an anarchy for some years, chap. xvii. 1; Hos. Bp. Horsley. In the twentieth year of x. 3, 7, 15], in the twentieth year of Jotham Jotham, the son of Uzziah. Jotham the son the son of Uzziah [in the fourth year of of Uzziah did not reign twenty years. And

VOL. II.

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