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406

THE EARL OF CHATHAM.

unce, that, among Дose bones lie near nas left a more staina more splendid name.

indemnify ourselves for part of what attached adherents
we had lost, at the expense of those son.
The Duke
foreign enemies who had hoped to profit
Lord notice of a
by our domestic dissensions.
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acted with him, conceived that the tilities w
wisest course now open to England during
was to acknowledge the independence from
of the United States, and to turn her gr
whole force against her European
enemies.

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A.

ifference between, i. 236.
acter of its doctrines, i. 391.

t, court architect to George III.,

his relations with Swift and Tickell, 351, 352;
removed to the Board of Trade, 352; pro-
duction of his Drummer, 352; his Free,
holder, 352; his estrangement rom Pope,
353, 354; his long courtship of the Countess
Dowager of Warwick and union with her
356; takes up his abode at Holland House,
357; appointed Secretary of State by Sun-
derland, 357; failure of his health, 257.359;
resigns his post, 357; receives a pension, 357;
his estrangement from Steele and other
friends, 358; advocates the bill for limiting
the number of Peers, 358; refutation of a
calumny upon him, 359; entrusts his works
to Tickell, and dedicates them to Craggs,
359; sends for Gay on his death-bed to ask
his forgiveness, 359; his death and funeral,
360; Tickell's elegy on his death, 360; superb
edition of his works, 360; his monument in
Poets' Corner, Westminster Abbey, 561.
Addison, Dr. Lancelot, sketch of his life, ii. 319.
Adiaphorists, a sect of German Protestants, i.

223.233.

Adultery, how represented by the dramatists of
the Restoration, i. 192.
Advancement of Learning, by Bacon, its publi-
cation, i. 369.

Afghanistan, the monarchy of, analogous to
that of England in the 16th century, i. 228;
bravery of its inhabitants, ii. 194, 195; the
English the only army in India which could
compete with tliem, 194; their devastations
in India, 88.

Joseph, review of Miss Aikin's life
11. 317-361; his character, 318, 319;
etch of his father's life, 319; his birth and
early life, 319, 320; appointed to a scholar-
ship in Magdalene College, Oxford, 320; his
classical attainments, 320, 321; his Essay on
the Evidences of Christianity, 321. 357; con-
tributes a preface to Dryden's Georgics, 323;
his intention to take orders frustrated, 324,
325; sent by the government to the Conti-
nent, 326; his introduction to Boileau, 325;
leaves Paris and proceeds to Venice, 328; his
residence in Italy, 328-330; composes his
Epistle to Montague (then Lord Halifax), 330;
his prospects clouded by the death of William
III., 330; becomes tutor to a young English
traveller, 330; writes his Treatise on Medals,
330; repairs to Holland, 330; returns to
England, 330; his cordial reception and in-
troduction into the Kit Cat Club, 330; his
pecuniary difficulties, 331; engaged by Go-
dolphin to write a poem in honour of Marl-Eschylus and the Greek drama, i. 7-12.
borough's exploits, 332; is appointed to a
Commissionership, 332; merits of his "Cam-
paign," 332; criticism of his Travels in Italy;
321. 334; his opera of Rosamond, 334; is
made Under-Secretary of State, and accom-
panies the Earl of Halifax to Hanover, 335
;
his election to the House of Commons, 335;
his failure as a speaker, 335; his popularity
and talents for conversation, 336, 337; his
timidity and constraint among strangers, 337;
his favourite associates, 337-339; becomes
Chief Secretary for Ireland under Wharton,
339; origination of the Tatler, 340, 341; his
characteristics as a writer, 340-342; com-
pared with Swift and Voltaire as a master of
the art of ridicule, 341, 342; his pecuniary
losses, 343; loss of his Secretaryship, 344;
resignation of his Fellowship, 344; encourage-
ment and disappointment of his advances to-
wards a great lady, 344; returned to Parlia- Allegories of Johnson and Addison, i. 133.
ment without a contest, 344; his Whig Ex-Allegory, difficulty of making it interesting, i.
aminer, 344; intercedes with the Tories on
behalf of Ambrose Phillipps and Steele, 344;
his discontinuance of the Tatler and com-
mencement of the Spectator, 345; his part
in the Spectator, 345; his commencement
and discontinuance of the Guardian, 347;
his Cato, 328. 347; his intercourse with Pope,
349, 350; his concern for Steele, 349; begins
a new series of the Spectator, 350; appointed
Secretary to the Lords Justices of the Coun.
cil on the death of Queen Anne, 350; again
appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, 351;

Agricultural and manufacturing labourers, com-
parison of their condition, i. 103, 104.
Agujari, the singer, ii. 290.
Aikin, Miss, review of her Life of Addison, ii.
317-361.

Aix, its capture, i, 307.
Akenside, his Epistle to Curio, i. 281.
Albigenses, ii. 132, 133.
Alexander the Great, compared with Clive, ii.
127.

Alfieri and Cowper, comparison between them,
i. 158.
Allahabad, ii. 192, 193.

133.

Allegro and Penseroso, i. 6.
Alphabetical writing, the greatest of human
inventions, i. 396; comparative views of its
value by Plato and Bacon, 396, 397.
America, acquisitions of the Catholic Church
in, ii. 128; its capabilities, 128.
American colonies, British war with them, ii.
205; act for imposing stamp duties upon them,
388; their disaffection, 393; revival of the
dispute with them, 403; progress of their re-
sistance, 405.

INDEX.

A.

Abbé and abbot, difference between, i. 236.
Academy, character of its doctrines, i. 391.
Adam, Robert, court architect to George III.,
ii. 378.

his relations with Swift and Tickell, 351, 352;
removed to the Board of Trade, 352; pro-
duction of his Drummer, 352; his Free,
holder, 352; his estrangement irom Pope,
353, 354; his long courtship of the Countess
Dowager of Warwick and union with her
356; takes up his abode at Holland House,
357; appointed Secretary of State by Sun-
derland, 357; failure of his health, 257.359;
resigns his post, 357; receives a pension, 357;
his estrangement from Steele and other
friends, 358; advocates the bill for limiting
the number of Peers, 358; refutation of a
calumny upon him, 359; entrusts his works
to Tickell, and dedicates them to Craggs,
359; sends for Gay on his death-bed to ask
his forgiveness, 359; his death and funeral,
360; Tickell's elegy on his death, 360; superb
edition of his works, 360; his monument in
Poets' Corner, Westminster Abbey, 561.
Addison, Dr. Lancelot, sketch of his life, ii. 319,
Adiaphorists, a sect of German Protestants, i.
223.233.

Adultery, how represented by the dramatists of
the Restoration, i. 192.
Advancement of Learning, by Bacon, its publi-
cation, i. 369.

Afghanistan, the monarchy of, analogous to
that of England in the 16th century, i. 228;
bravery of its inhabitants, ii. 194, 195; the
English the only army in India which could
compete with tliem, 194; their devastations
in India, 88.

Addison, Joseph, review of Miss Aikin's life
of, ii. 317-361; his character, 318, 319;
sketch of his father's life, 319; his birth and
early life, 319, 320; appointed to a scholar-
ship in Magdalene College, Oxford, 320; his
classical attainments, 320, 321; his Essay on
the Evidences of Christianity, 321. 357; con-
tributes a preface to Dryden's Georgics, 323;
his intention to take orders frustrated, 324,
325; sent by the government to the Couti-
nent, 326; his introduction to Boileau, 325;
leaves Paris and proceeds to Venice, 328; his
residence in Italy, 328-330; composes his
Epistle to Montague (then Lord Halifax), 330;
his prospects clouded by the death of William
III., 330; becomes tutor to a young English
traveller, 330; writes his Treatise on Medals,
330; repairs to Holland, 330; returns to
England, 330; his cordial reception and in-
troduction into the Kit Cat Club, 330; his
pecuniary difficulties, 331; engaged by Go-
dolphin to write a poem in honour of Marl-Eschylus and the Greek drama, i. 7-12.
borough's exploits, 332; is appointed to a
Commissionership, 332; merits of his "Cam-
paign," 332; criticism of his Travels in Italy;
321 334; his opera of Rosamond, 334; is
made Under-Secretary of State, and accom-
panies the Earl of Halifax to Hanover, 335;
his election to the House of Commons, 335;
his failure as a speaker, 335; his popularity
and talents for conversation, 336, 337; his
timidity and constraint among strangers, 337;
his favourite associates, 337-339; becomes
Chief Secretary for Ireland under Wharton,
339; origination of the Tatler, 340, 341; his
characteristics as a writer, 340-342; com-
pared with Swift and Voltaire as a master of
the art of ridicule, 341, 342; his pecuniary
losses, 343; loss of his Secretaryship, 344;
resignation of his Fellowship, 344; encourage-
ment and disappointment of his advances to-
wards a great lady, 344; returned to Parlia- Allegories of Johnson and Addison, i. 133.
ment without a contest, 344; his Whig Ex-Allegory, difficulty of making it interesting, i.
aminer, 344; intercedes with the Tories on
behalf of Ambrose Phillipps and Steele, 344;
his discontinuance of the Tatler and com-
mencement of the Spectator, 345; his part
in the Spectator, 345; his commencement
and discontinuance of the Guardian, 347;
his Cato, 328. 347; his intercourse with Pope,
349, 350; his concern for Steele, 349; begins
a new series of the Spectator, 350; appointed
Secretary to the Lords Justices of the Coun.
cil on the death of Queen Anne, 350; again
appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, 351;

Agricultural and manufacturing labourers, com-
parison of their condition, i. 103, 104.
Agujari, the singer, ii. 290.
Aikin, Miss, review of her Life of Addison, ii.
317-361.

Aix, its capture, i, 307.
Akenside, his Epistle to Curio, i. 281.
Albigenses, ii. 132, 133.
Alexander the Great, compared with Clive, ii.
127.

Alfieri and Cowper, comparison between them,

i. 158.

Allahabad, ii. 192, 193.

133.

Allegro and Penseroso, i. 6.

Alphabetical writing, the greatest of human
inventions, i. 396; comparative views of its
value by Plato and Bacon, 396, 397.
America, acquisitions of the Catholic Church
in, ii. 128; its capabilities, 128.
American colonies, British war with them, ii.
205; act for imposing stamp duties upon them,
388; their disaffection, 393; revival of the
dispute with them, 403; progress of their re-
sistance, 405.

Anabaptists, their origin, i. 221.
Anacharsis, reputed contriver of the potter's
wheel, i. 390.

Anaverdy Khan, governor of the Carnatic, ii.
90, 91.

Angria, his fortress of Gheriah reduced by
Clive, ii. 97.

Anne, Queen, her political and religious incli-
nations, i. 259; changes in her government
in 1710, 259; relative estimation by the
Whigs and the Tories of her reign, 260-262.
264; state of parties at her accession, ii. 331,
332; dismisses the Whigs, 343; change in the
conduct of public affairs consequent on her
death, 351.

Antioch, Grecian eloquence at, ii. 128.
Anytus, 382.

Apostolical succession, Mr. Gladstone claims it
for the Church of England, ii. 71–82.
Aquinas, Thomas, i. 407.

Arab fable of the Great Pyramid, ii. 148.
Arbuthnot's Satirical Works, ii. 342.
Archimedes, his slight estimate of his inven-
tions, i. 395.

Archytas, rebuked by Plato, i. 395,

Arcot, Nabob of, his relations with England,
ii. 91-94. 126; his claims recognised by the
English, 91.

Areopagitica, Milton's allusion to, i. 27.
Argyle, Duke of, secedes from Walpole's ad-
ministration, i. 290.

Ariosto, compared with Tasso, ii. 138.
Aristodemus, ii. 129.
Aristophanes, ii. 150.

Aristotle, his authority impaired by the Refor-
mation, i. 393.

Arithmetic, comparative estimate of by Plato
and by Bacon, i. 394, 395.

Arlington, Lord, his character, ii. 13; his cold-
ness for the Triple Alliance, 16; his impeach-
ment, 24.

Armies in the middle ages, how constituted, i.
35. 70; a powerful restraint on the regal
power, 70; subsequent change in this respect,
71.

Arms, British, successes of, against the French
in 1758, i. 307-309.

Army (the), control of by Charles I. or by the
Parliament, i. 74; its triumph over both, 77;
danger of a standing army becoming an in-
strument of despotism, 216.

Arne, Dr., set to music Addison's opera of
Rosamond, ii. 335.

Arragon and Castile, their old institutions
favourable to public liberty, i. 240.
Art of War, Machiavelli's, i. 45.

Arundel, Earl of, i. 388.

Asia, Central, its people, ii. 193.

Asiatic Society, commencement of its career
under Warren Hastings, ii. 223.
Assemblies, deliberative, i. 306.
Association. See Catholic Association.
Astronomy, comparative estimate of by Socrates
and by Bacon, i. 396.

Athenian comedies, their impurity, ii. 150; re-
printed at the two Universities, 150.
Athenians (the), Johnson's opinion of them, i.
187.

Attainder, an act of, warrantable, i. 209.

Atterbury, Bishop, his reply to Bentley to prove
the genuineness of the Letters of Phalaris, ii.
47; reads the funeral service over the body
of Addison, 360.

Attila, ii. 128.

Attributes of God, subtle speculations touching
them imply no high degree of intellectual
culture, ii. 129, 130.

Aubrey, his charge of corruption against Bacon,

i. 379; Bacon's decision against him after his
present, 386.

Augsburg, Confession of, its adoption in Swe-
den, ii. 141.

Augustin, St., ii. 128.

Aurungzebe, his policy, ii. 88.
Austen, Jane, notice of, ii. 312.
Austin, Sarah, her character as a translator, ii.

127. 149.

Austria, success of her armies in the Catholic
cause, 551.

Authors, their present position, i. 122-125.
Avignon, the Papal Court transferred from
Rome to, ii. 133.

B.

Baber, founder of the Mogul empire, ii. 87.
Bacon, Lady, mother of Lord Bacon, i. 352.
Bacon, Lord, review of Basil Montagu's new
edition of the works of, i. 346-414; his
mother distinguished as a linguist, 352; his
early years, 353, 354; his services refused by
government, 355, 356; his admission at Gray's
Inn, 355; his legal attainments, 355; sat in
Parliament in 1593, 356; part he took in poli-
tics, 356; his friendship with the Earl of
Essex, 359-363; examination of his conduct
to Essex, 362-368; influence of King James
on his fortunes, 366; his servility to Lord
Southampton, 367; influence his talents had
with the public, 367; his distinction in Par-
liament and in the courts of law, 368; his
literary and philosophical works, 368; his
"Novum Organum," and the admiration it
excited, 368; his work of reducing and re-
compiling the laws of England, 369; his
tampering with the judges on the trial of
Peacham, 369-372; attaches himself to
Buckingham, 372; his appointment as Lord
Keeper, 373; his share in the vices of the
administration, 374; his animosity towards
Sir Edward Coke, 376, 377; his town and
country residences, 376; his titles of Baron
Verulam and Viscount St. Albans, 377; re-
port against him of the Committee on the
Courts of Justice, 379; nature of the charges,
379, 380; overwhelming evidence to them,
380, 381; his admission of his guilt, 381; his
sentence, 381; examination of Mr. Montagu's
arguments in his defence, 381-387; mode in
which he spent the last years of his life, 388,
389; chief peculiarity of his philosophy, 389
-394; his views compared with those of
Plato, 394-399; to what his wide and durable
fame is chiefly owing, 400; his frequent treat-
ment of moral subjects, 402; his views as a
theologian, 403; vulgar notion of him as in-
ventor of the inductive method, 404; esti-
mate of his analysis of that method, 404-408;
union of audacity and sobriety in his temper,
408; his amplitude of comprehension, 408,
409; his freedom from the spirit of contro-
versy, 409; his eloquence, wit, and simili.
tudes, 410; his disciplined imagination, 411;
his boldness and originality, 411; unusual
development in the order of his faculties,
412; his resemblance to the mind of Burke,
412; specimens of his two styles, 412, 413;
value of his Essays, 413; his greatest per-
formance the first book of the Novum Or-
ganum, 413; contemplation of his life, 413,
414.

Bacon, Sir Nicholas, his character, i. 349-

351.

Baconian philosophy, its chief peculiarity, i.

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