but held the articles which they had to barter, very tenaciously, till they got hold of what they were to receive in exchange; which, if they approved, they universally, I observed, licked with the tongue: when not satisfied, they expressed much savageness, with ferocity, in their countenance and manner. Their clothing was entirely of skins, with the hairy side outward; sewed with the sinews of the whale, split into thin fibres for thread; and discovered á good deal of neatness and strength, and must be well calculated for the cold climate which they endure. Some of their dress was ornamented with seahorse and bears' teeth, and their appearance altogether was truly barbarous. Wandering, as they do, in savage liberty along these desolate shores, and their women in a state of the greatest degradation which barbarism can impose on the Heathen, there still appeared a strong parental attachment to their children, and a great readiness in imitation: one or two of them danced with the Captain on deck, and caught his steps with great agility. Being the first Indians whom I had seen wandering in their extreme ignorance and wretchedness, I felt strong emotions of pity toward them, as they withdrew to their haunts along the shores. Little appears to be known of them at present, though they have visited the Hudson's Bay Company's Ships annually, for many years past; but I am happy to find from a conversation with the Governor of the Company's Territories, that it is his intention to send an interpreter, to ascertain their condition.

Aug. 15, 1820.-Anchored off York Factory. God be praised, for protecting us through a perilous Voy age, amid the dangers of the ice and of the deep!

Aug. 17. Was much impressed in seeing the Indians round the Factory. They appear to be sunk into the lowest state of degradation, as human beings. I could scarcely re

frain from tears, on visiting them in their tents. The life of the Indians appears to be one succession of difficulties in procuring subsistence; and they wander through it without hope and without God in the world. When shall this hitherto-neglected Race of the North come to the knowledge of the Saviour? Fulfil, O Lord Thy promises, in their salvation!

Aug. 19.-I feel deeply interested for the education of the Half-Breed Children, numbers of whom are running about the Factory; and are to be found at all the Hudson's Bay Company's Posts, growing up in ignorance and idleness. They are the offspring of the Company's Officers and Clerks, by Indian or HalfBreed Women. I have submitted a plan to the Hudson's Bay Company for educating, clothing, and maintaining 100 of them at the Red-River Settlement.

Aug. 20, Sunday.-More than 100 persons, I should think, attended Divine Worship this Morning. The Governor was present both parts of the day; and the Sabbath was observed with more reverence than I expected.

Aug. 25.-Conversed a good deal with the Chief of the Department at Churchill, the most Northern Post in the Hudson's Bay Company's Territories; who informed me that a considerable number of Esquimaux Indians traded at that Post, who were entirely clothed with the skins of deer. In summer, they live upon seals and whales, like the Esquimaux Indians which we saw in Hudson's Straits. In winter, they live under the snow; burning oil, with moss as a wick; which cooks their food, while at the same time it contributes to their warmth. He supposed that they might travel 150 or 200 miles north of the Fort, till they met another Tribe; who, like them, might range the same distance on the shore further north.

Aug. 26.-Introduced the subject of Baptism; and pressed the morál

obligation of Marriage, on all who were living with Half-Breed or Indian Women. I refused to admit those as Sponsors, who were living with women without marriage.

It is truly painful to reflect on the manner in which Women and Children are generally treated in this country. The Women are not admitted as companions, nor do they partake their meals with those they live with: they are degraded merely as slaves; while the Children are neglected, and grow up as wild and uncultivated as the Heathen.

Aug. 30, 1820.-Spoke to a Native Indian, who has two Wives, about giving me two of his Children to educate. Spoke also to their Mother, through an Interpreter. They seemed pleased with my proposal. I immediately gave them some clothing, with a view to their accompany ing me to the Red River Settlement. Sept. 3.-Left York Factory for the Red River, a supposed distance of about 800 miles. The boats with the goods left two days ago, so that I embarked with one of my Indian Boys (the other is to follow) in a light birch-rind canoe.

Sept. 25.-Arrived at Oxford House (Company's Post), where my feelings were again excited, on seeing a considerable number of Half-Breed Children left to the ignorance and vice of the Native Indians.

It is usual for us, when we stop for the night, to make a large fire with pine trees; and I generally put some branches on the ground under my blankets when I lie down in my tent: at this Post I obtained a little hay in addition to the pine branches, which enabled me to sleep quite comfortably.

Indian who chooses to take her; and has often been so neglected as to have been found starved to death in some old shattered tent.

Sept. 29.-Arrived at White Fall, where we were detained a day in hauling the boats up and carrying the cargo nearly a mile across the land. In this laborious work, I was surprised to see with what expedition and apparent facility the Canadians carry a burden of two hundred weight, and sometimes more, upon their backs.

Oct. 1. For a month I have now endured all the severity of an English Winter in an open boat; but never enjoyed better health, nor so keen an appetite. In the hope of glorifying the Redeemer (as my soul is with the Indians to do them good), I go forward: my TRIAL is-the separation from my Family.

Oct. 4.-Arrived at Norway House, Company's Post. Here I obtained another Indian Boy. I taught him the following short prayer, which I had before taught the other Boy"Great Father, bless me, through Jesus Christ our Lord!" May our gracious God hear their cry, morning and evening, and raise them up as Heralds of His Salvation in this truly benighted and barbarous part of the world!

Oct. 6. Left Norway House, and sailed about 60 miles across Winnipeg Lake. It is beautifully interspersed with islands, at some points; but its navigation is difficult, as it abounds with sunken rocks.

Oct. 12.--We are now nearly through the Lake, which may be considered a dangerous navigation. In fact, the whole passage, from York to Red River, is as difficult as can be well imagined; which must operate to the prejudice of a Settlement, so far in the interior.

of the Chiefs of the Scaultowy Tribes, with a band of Indians at Netley Creek, where we breakfasted. He shook hands with me very cordially; and shewed me a written document on parchment from the Earl of Selkirk (whose death they all seemed to lament), which bore testimony to his good conduct and kind attention to the Settlers.

Oct. 14, 1820.-After a long and tedious passage, I reached, through the goodness of God, Fort Douglas, Red River Settlement, in safety.

Oct. 15, Sunday.-Had Divine Service in a large room at the Fort, which was crowded. Felt grateful to God for my safe arrival, and the opportunity afforded of preaching again the glad tidings of Salvation.

Oct. 17.

Engaged in seeking to obtain a temporary log-house for a School. The Scottish Settlers seem pleased at my arrival among them. May the Lord give me wisdom to devise plans and grace to execute them, for His glory!

Nov. 1.-The log-house being repaired, I opened the School to-day, and rejoice in this beginning; with prayer that a blessing from on High may attend the instruction of the Children.

Nov. 19. Sunday. All the principal Settlers attended Divine Service. There was, apparently, much impression made on the minds of the audience: one of them said it was the happiest day of his life; not having been at a Place of Worship, probably for thirty years, since he left England. I feel encouraged in my hopes of usefulness in this wilderness. I am called to active exertion; and I thank God that He has endowed me with an ardent desire to be useful, particularly among the Native Indians, and given me a constitution and frame of body equal to any arduous undertaking and toil

have been Half-Breeds, Sons or Daughters of Scotsmen or Englishmen, by Indian or Half-Breed Women. I endeavoured simply and faithfully to explain to them the nature and object of baptism, but find great difficulty in conveying to their minds any just and true ideas of Christ. The Half-Breeds talk Indian principally, and there is no word in that language to express a Saviour. I have refused to baptize those who are living with women, without complying with the forms of marriage. My Ministry is well attended; and I would commend myself to every man's conscience, as in the sight of God.

Dec. 17. Sunday. I go generally to the Fort from the Farm on a Sunday, in a Cariole, drawn by dogs. I continue, I trust, to preach faithfully, in the discharge of my own conscience. May God bless my feeble endeavours, to promote the honour of His Name among a rebellious people!

Dec. 31. Sunday. In my way to the Fort, this morning, I got part of my face frozen; but suffered no inconvenience, as I kept from the fire, and rubbed the part well with

snow.

The weather is so severe, that few attended Divine Service. Thermometer 30o below zero.

Jan. 1. 1821. Rose with sentiments of love and gratitude to the Sovereign Lord, for His providential protection and gracious favour toward me during the past year. What perils have I encountered, both by sea and land! What dangers have I escaped, though unworthy of the Lord's mercies! Bless the Lord, O