A History of Ancient Philosophy II: Plato and AristotleSUNY Press, 1990. nov. 8. - 437 oldal In this book Reale presents Plato and Aristotle. At the center of Reale s interpretation of Plato is the fulcrum of the supersensible, the metaphysical discovery that Plato presented as a result of the Second Voyage. This discovery of the supersensible is, in Reale s view, not only the fundamental phase of ancient thought, but it also constitutes a milestone on the path of western philosophy. Reale presents Plato in three different dimensions: the theoretic, the mystical-religious, and the political. Each of these components takes on meaning from the Second Voyage. In addition, Reale has shown that only in the light of the Unwritten Doctrines handed down through the indirect tradition, do these three components, and the Second Voyage itself, acquire their full meaning, and only in this way is a unitary conception of Plato s thought achieved. The interpretation of Aristotle that Reale proposes depends on his interpretation of Plato. Aristotle read without preconceptions is not the antithesis of Plato. Reale points out that Aristotle was unique among thinkers close to Plato, in being the one who developed, at least in part, his Second Voyage. The systematic-unitary interpretation of Aristotle which Reale has previously supported converges with the new systematic-unitary interpretation of Plato. Certain doctrinal positions which are usually reserved to treatments in monographs will be explored, because only in this way can the two distinctive traits of Aristotle s thought emerge: the way in which he tries to overcome and confirm the Socratic-Platonic positions, and the way in which he formally creates the system of philosophical knowledge. |
Tartalomjegyzék
I The Mediation Attempted by Plato between the Written and the Oral and the Structural Relationship between the Written and the Unwritten | 7 |
II THE IMPORTANT PROBLEMS THAT HAVE BESET THE INTERPRETATION OF PLATO AND THEIR MOST PLAUSIBLE SOLUTION IN T... | 23 |
I The Second Voyage as a Journey from the Physical Inquiries of the Presocratics to the Metaphysical Level | 37 |
IITHE PLATONIC THEORY OF IDEAS AND SOME PROBLEMS CONNECTED TO IT | 47 |
III THE UNWRITTEN DOCTRINES OF THE FIRST PRINCIPLES AND THE HIGHEST AND MOST IMPORTANT METAPHYSICAL CONCEPT... | 65 |
IV THE METAPHYSICS OF THE IDEAS IN THE LIGHT OF THE PROTOLOGIC OF THE UNWRITTEN DOCTRINE AND THE ALLUSIONS T... | 77 |
V THE DOCTRINE OF THE DEMIURGE AND COSMOLOGY | 95 |
VI EPISTEMOLOGY AND DIALECTIC | 117 |
V THE POLITICAL COMPONENT OF PLATONIC THOUGHT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PROTOLOGIC OF THE UNWRITTEN DO... | 225 |
I THE MYTH OF THE CAVE AS A SYMBOL OF PLATONIC THOUGHT IN ALL ITS FUNDAMENTAL VALENCES | 231 |
II SOME SUMMITS OF THE THOUGHT OF PLATO REMAIN REFERENCE POINTS IN THE HISTORY OF WESTERN THOUGHT | 237 |
THE HISTORICALGENETIC METHOD AND THE MODERN INTERPRETATION OF ARISTOTELIAN THOUGHT | 249 |
THE TRUTHFULNESS OF THE SECOND VOYAGE | 253 |
III THE BASIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ARISTOTLE AND PLATO | 259 |
I METAPHYSICS | 265 |
II PHYSICS | 293 |
VII THE CONCEPTION OF ART AND RHETORIC | 131 |
I RELEVANCE OF THE MYSTICALRELIGIOUSASCETIC COMPONENT OF PLATONISM | 139 |
II THE IMMORTALITY OF THE SOUL ITS ULTRATERRESTRIAL DESTINY AND ITS REINCARNATION | 141 |
III THE NEW MORAL ASCETIC | 157 |
IV THE MYSTICISM OF PHILIA AND EROS | 169 |
V PLATO A PROPHET? | 175 |
VI THE ETHICALRELIGIOUS COMPONENT OF PLATONIC THOUGHT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PROTOLOGIC OF THE UNWR... | 177 |
I THE IMPORTANCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE POLITICAL COMPONENT OF PLATONISM | 185 |
II THE REPUBLIC OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE IDEAL CITYSTATE | 189 |
III THE MAN OF THE STATE WRITTEN LAWS AND CONSTITUTIONS | 215 |
IV THE SECOND STATE OF THE LAWS | 221 |
IIIPSYCHOLOGY | 303 |
IV MATHEMATICS | 313 |
I ETHICS | 317 |
II POLITICS | 337 |
I THE FOUNDATION OF LOGIC | 351 |
II RHETORIC | 367 |
III POETICS | 377 |
I THE DESTINY OF ARISTOTELIAN PHILOSOPHY | 385 |
II THE ACHIEVEMENTS AND APORIAS OF ARISTOTELIAN PHILOSOPHY | 387 |
NOTES | 393 |
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according achieved affirm Anaxagoras aporias argument Aristotelian Aristotle beautiful become body cause City-State complete conception conclusion Consequently constitutes Demiurge demonstration dialectic dialogues divine Dyad Eleatic enthymeme entities essence eternal evil exist explained expression F. M. Cornford fact function Gaiser Gorgias grasp Greek happiness hence highest human immobile important indirect tradition insofar intelligible interpretation kind knowledge Krämer live logic material Principle mathematical matter means measure metaphysical mind Movent multiplicity myth nature necessary Nicomachean Ethics not-being notion object ontological Parmenides passage passim Phaedo Phaedrus Philebus philosopher physical Plato Platonic thought pleasure political possible potency precisely problem protologic pure reality reason Republic rhetoric second voyage sense sensible things simply Socrates soul speak sphere Stagirite structure substance supersensible supreme syllogism synolon term Theaetetus theory of Ideas Timaeus trans true truth understand unity Unwritten Doctrines virtue W. D. Ross writings