formerly British

Resident in New lieutenants, and 102 non-commissioned Zealand, introduced best varieties of officers and men. Mounted infantry: grapes suitable for wine making, 1842. 1 major, 1 adjutant, 6 captains, 6 first lieuThe area planted with vines throughout tenants, 5 second lieutenants, 1 surgeon, Australasia in 1889-90 was: Victoria, and 284 non-commissioned officers and 15,662 acres; New South Wales, 7867; men. Infantry: 4 lieut.-colonels, 8 majors, Queensland, 1763; South Australia, 7352; 36 captains, 4 adjutants, 4 quartermasters, Western Australia, 1088: total, 32,732 36 first and 36 second lieutenants, and acres. In 1890 an additional area of 5024 2700 non-commissioned officers and men. acres had been planted in Victoria. Medical staff, 68. The cadet force consists of 4 officers, 5 non-commissioned officers, and 6524 cadets. The reserves consist of 363 cavalry, 60 artillery, 244 infantry, and 6 medical staff. The volunteer force of New South Wales, as well as the regulars, are under the command of Major-General J. S. Richardsor.. Virginia, S.A. A village in an agri- -Queensland. The volunteers consist of cultural district on the main road from 1 lieut.-colonel, 1 major, 15 captains, 2 Adelaide to Gawler, 18 miles N.W. of adjutants, 25 lieutenants, 1 quarterAdelaide. Nearest railway station, Salis-master, and 1180 non-commissioned bury. Population 100.

Violet Town, Vict. A township in a farming and grazing district, and a railway station on the North-Eastern line, 585 feet above sea-level, on Honeysuckle Creek and the Sydney road, 105 miles N.E. of Melbourne. Population 300. Newspaper, Herald.

officers and men. Cadet corps: 13 Vlaming, Willem de. Dutch navigator; captains, 17 lieutenants, and 557 cadets, reached the west coast of Australia near all under the command of Colonel G. A. the mouth of the Swan river in command French, R.A., C.M.G.-South Australia. of three ships on Dec. 28th, 1696, and The volunteer force consists of 1 colonel, anchored under Rottnest Island. Went 3 majors, 14 captains, 21 lieutenants, ashore Jan. 5th, 1697, accompanied by 80 15 medical officers, and 922 non-commen; saw footprints of natives, but no missioned officers and men. Of these 19 men or women. On Jan. 23rd, near Hout- officers and 371 men are mounted inman's Abrolhos, some natives were seen, fantry, and 33 officers and 541 men, and on Feb. 3rd a boat sent ashore infantry. The Commandant of the forces found the tin plate left by Dirk Hartog is Major-General Francis Downes, C.M.G. in 1616. Discovered the North-West-Tasmania. The volunteer force conCape, and then sailed for Batavia.

Volney, Cape, Vict. A point of land E. of Cape Otway.

New

sists of torpedo corps: 5 officers, and 63 non-commissioned officers and men. Launceston Artillery: 1 major, 1 captain, 2 lieutenants, 1 instructor, and 73 noncommissioned officers and men. Southern Artillery: 1 major, 2 captains, 1 lieutenant, 1 surgeon-major, and 72 noncommissioned officers and men. Hobart Rifles: 1 major, 4 captains, 1 adjutant,

Volunteers. See also DEFENCES. South Wales. The first volunteers, 100 in number, were raised in 1800 at Sydney. The existing volunteer force is as follows. Permanent staff in addition to adjutants of regiments: 1 garrison sergeantmajor, 1 sergeant-major of artillery, 12 lieutenants, 1 surgeon, 1 instructor, and sergeant-major, instructor of musketry, 142 non-commissioned officers and men; 11 sergeant-majors, 1 armourer, 1 assis- Launceston Rifles: 1 major, 4 captains, tant armourer, 53 instructors, 1 trumpet- 1 adjutant, 5 lieutenants, 1 quartermaster, major, 3 messengers, 2 markers, 1 care-1 surgeon, 1 instructor, and 202 non-comtaker of rifle range, 3 storekeepers and 6 labourers, 1 surgeon-major and 6 surgeons. Artillery: 1 colonel, 2 majors, 9 captains, 9 first lieutenants, 9 second lieutenants, 1 adjutant, 1 quartermaster, and 480 noncommissioned officers and men. Engineers: 1 major, 2 captains, 2 first and 2 second lieutenants, and 90 non-commissioned officers and men. Submarine miners: 1 major, 2 captains, 3 first and 3 second

401

missioned officers and men, and 66 cadets. Auxiliary forces: 1 lieut.-colonel, 1 staff clerk, 4 instructors, and 1420 non-commissioned officers and men. Total, 2100, of whom 1350 are classed as efficient. All the volunteers are under the command of Lieut.-Colonel A. H. Warner.

Victoria. The volunteer force has been turned into a militia, all of whom receive a retaining fee. In April 1888

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W

Wagonga, N.S.W. A village in a goldmining and dairying district, 260 miles S. of Sydney, 7 miles S. of Bodalla, and 5 Waikato, N.Z. A river of the Northern miles N.W. of Montague Island at the Island rising near Lake Taupo and falling entrance to the Wagonga river. Com-into the ocean a few miles S. of Manukau munication by steamer. Nearest railway Harbour on the W. coast. The railway station, Tarago. The ascent of the northline follows the Waikato valley as far as side of the Dromedary, at the head of the Te Kuiti. river, is 3 miles distant.

and traversed by the railway from that city towards Christchurch. Shore whaling was carried on here before New Zealand became a colony; the land is fertile and the scenery very fine.

Waikouaiti, N.Z. A township in an agricultural district and railway station on the Christchurch and Dunedin line on the southern side of Waikouaiti Harbour, one of the oldest settlements in the Southern Island; 32 miles from Dunedin. Population, with district, 900. Newspaper, Palmerston and Waikouaiti Times.

Napier. Population 550. Newspaper,
Waipawa Mail.

Waipu, N.Z. A small township in an agricultural and grazing district on the Waipu river, 12 miles from Whangarei Heads and 102 miles N. from Auckland. It was originally settled by Nova Scotians in 1854. Steamer communication from Marsden to Auckland. There are some remarkable limestone caves in the neighbourhood. Population 200.

Waipukurau, N.Z. A township pleasantly situated in the centre of a fine agricultural and pastoral district, and railway station the Napier and Woodville line, 44 miles from Napier and 5 miles from Waipawa. Population 326. Wairakei, N.Z. A health resort and

on

Waimakariri, N.Z. A river in the Southern Island rising in the mountains of Canterbury province and falling into the ocean on the E. coast at Kaiapoi Harbour in Pegasus Bay. Waimate, N.Z. A county in the South-pleasure village on the northern side of ern Island with a population of 4043, onists at the Geyser Hotel, is on the road Lake Taupo; has accommodation for tourthe E. coast about half-way between from Rotorua to Napier, and about halfDunedin and Christchurch; contains a large area of fertile land, much of which way from that city to Auckland; contains is under crop, and is traversed by the Pool," the "Small Wairakei" Geyser and many natural curiosities, the " Champagne railway from Dunedin to Christchurch, the "Great Wairakei" Geyser (both very and a branch from Studholme to the remarkable boiling springs), and the beautiful Huka Falls, which, although only 30 feet in height, are inexpressibly beautiful. There are also two important springs for sanitary purposes: one Te Hukahuka, which is strongly impregnated with sulphur; the other Piroirori, an alkaline water. Open-air baths have been constructed for visitors.

town of Waimate.

Waimate, N.Z. A township in an agricultural and pastoral district, and the terminus of the Studholme junction branch line of the Southern Trunk railway, on the Waimate creek, 111 miles from Christchurch and a similar distance from Dunedin. A branch line of railway runs out from Waimate to Waihao Downs. Population 1379; with district, 5413. Newspaper, Waimate Times.

Waimea, N.Z. A county in the Southern Island with a population of 8942, facing Tasman Bay, surrounding the city of Nelson, and partly traversed by the railway to Bellgrove.

Waipa, N.Z. A county in the Northern Island with a population of 3395, lying S. of Waikato county and W. of Waikato river, and partially traversed by the railway from Frankton towards Te Kuiti. Waipawa, N.Z. A county in the Northern Island with a population of 7906, S. of Napier; traversed by the railway from that town to Woodville; contains fertile agricultural land.

Waipawa, N.Z. A township in a fine pastoral and agricultural district, and railway station on the Napier and Woodville line, on the northern side of the Waipawa river, 39 miles S.W. of

Wairarapa, North, N.Z. A county in the Northern Island with a population of 5143, lying on the E. coast, and partially intersected by the railway from Masterton to Mauriceville.

Wairarapa, South, N.Z. A county in the Northern Island with a population of 4980, on the E. coast and Cook Strait; traversed by the railway from Featherston to Masterton.

Wairoa, N.Z. A county in the Northern Island with a population of 1246, on the E. coast facing Hawke's Bay, watered by the Wairoa and other streams, and contains the town of Clyde and a large area of good grazing land.

Wairoa (or Clyde), N.Z. A village in a grazing district, 70 miles by land and 40 by sea from Napier, on the river Wairoa, which is only navigable for small vessels. Population, with district, 1200. Newspaper, Wairoa Guardian.

Wairoa, N.Z. A small Maori village at

twice a week to Auckland carrying cattle and produce. Population 1500.

the foot of Lake Tarawera, 10 miles from Rotorua; formerly the terminus of the road from Oxford, the starting-point for Waitati (or Blueskin), N.Z. A townthe Maori canoes across the lake to the ship in an agricultural and dairy-farmPink and White Terraces; was destroyed ing district, and railway station on the by the eruption of Mount Tarawera in Southern line on the Waitati river, 17 June 1886, by which 120 lives were lost. miles by rail and 12 by road N.E. from The old road was washed away since Dunedin. Population, with district, 2000. that date, owing to the river being driven Waitemata, N.Z. A county in the out of its former channel, and Wairoa Northern Island with a population of can now only be reached on horseback. | 6710, lying across the island from the E. The trip across the lake is still interest- to W. coast, surrounding the town of ing, but entirely different from its former | Helensville, extending on the W. coast characteristics. from the Kaipara to the Manukau harbours, and traversed by the railway from Auckland to Helensville.

Wairoa, North, N.Z. A river in the Northern Island, flowing through the Auckland peninsula, and falling into the ocean on the W. coast at Kaipara Harbour.

Wairoa, South, N.Z. A township in a dairying district on the South Wairoa river, which flows into Hauraki Gulf, 28 miles S.E. from Auckland. The waterfall of the Wairoa river, 90 feet high, is in the locality. Nearest railway station, Papakura, 10 miles distant. Steamer communication with Auckland.

A

Waitahuna (or Havelock), N.Z. township in a gold-mining and agricultural district, and railway station on the Dunedin and Lawrence line, 53 miles S.W. of Dunedin. Population 1000. Waitahuna Gulley, N.Z. A village on the Waitahuna river, 2 miles from Waitahuna, 55 miles W. of Dunedin, and 8 miles S.E. of Lawrence. Nearest railway station, Havelock. Population 150. Waitaki, N.Z. A county in the Southern Island with a population of 8735, on the E. coast, containing the town of Oamaru; traversed by the railway from Dunedin towards Christchurch, and from Oamaru to Kurow, and from Oamaru to Ngapara. Waitaki, N.Z. A river rising in the mountains of the Southern Island,dividing the provinces of Otago and Canterbury, and falling into the ocean on the E. coast at the southern end of the Canterbury Bight.

Waitaki, North, N.Z. A village and railway station on the line from Christchurch to Dunedin, on the Waitaki river, 138 miles S. from Christchurch.

Waitara, N.Z. A township and railway station on the Wanganui and New Plymouth line, on the Waitara river, 11 miles from New Plymouth. Steamers

upper part of the lake extremely grand. From Kingston to Queenstown is 22 miles, and here there is an excellent hotel, which is usually made the headquarters for exploring the scenery in the neighbourhood. Mount Remarkable Long Tunnel, Long Tunnel Extended, is 7600 feet high, and Mount Earnshaw 9000 feet. From Queenstown to Glenorchy is 33 miles, and from Glenorchy to Kinloch about 4.