self chiefly in reading Euripides. He ex- ED. After his return to London from this excursion, I saw him frequently, but have few memorandums; I shall therefore here insert some particulars which I collected at various times. was much frequented by low company. "Rags, sir," said he, "will always make their appearance where they have a right to do it." Of the same gentleman's mode of living, he said, Sir, the servants, instead of doing what they are bid, stand round the table in idle clusters, gaping upon the guests; and seem as unfit to attend a company, as to steer a man of war." A dull country magistrate gave Johnson a long, tedious account of his exercising his criminal jurisdiction, the result of which was his having entenced four convicts to transportation. Johnson, in an agony of impatience to get rid of such a companion, exclaimed, "I heartily wish, sir, that I were a fifth." Johnson was present when a tragedy was read, in which there occurred this line. "Who rules o'er freemen should himself be free." The company having admired it much, I cannot agree with you," said Johnson: "it might as well be said, " "" Who drives fat oxen should himself be fat"." He was pleased with the kindness of Mr Cator, who was joined with him in Mr. Thrale's important trust, and thus describes him: "There is much good in his Letters, character, and much usefulness in vol. ii. his knowledge." He found a cordial p. 2.4. solace at that gentleman's seat at Beckenham, in Kent, which is indeed one of the finest places at which I ever was a guest; and where I find more and more a hospitable welcome. The Reverend Mr. Astle, of Ashbourne, in Derbyshire, brother to the learned and ingenious Thomas Astle, Esq. was from his early years known to Dr. Johnson, who obligingly advised him as to his studies, and recommended to him the following books, of which a list which he has been pleased to communicate lies before me, in Johnson's own hand-writing:-"Universal History (ancient)-Rollin's Ancient History-Puffendorf's Introduction to History-Vertot's History of Knights of Malta-Vertot's Revolution of Portugal-Vertot's Revolution of Sweden-Carte's History of England- Johnson seldom encouraged general cenPresent State of England-Geographical sure of any profession; but he was willing Grammar--Prideaux's Connexion--Nelson's to allow a due share of merit to the various Feasts and Fasts-Duty of Man-Gentle- departments necessary in civilised life. In man's Religion-Clarendon's History- a splenetick, sarcastical, or jocular frame of Watts's Improvement of the Mind--Watts's mind, however, he would sometimes utter a Logick-Nature Displayed-Lowth's Eng-pointed saying of that nature. One inlish Grammar-Blackwall on the Classicks stance has been mentioned 2, where he gave -Sherlock's Sermons-Burnet's Life of a sudden satirical stroke to the character of Hale-Dupin's History of the Church- an attorney. The too indiscriminate adShuckford's Connexions-Law's Serious Call-Walton's Complete Angler-Sandys's Travels-Sprat's History of the Royal Society-England's Gazetteer---Goldsmith's Roman History-Some Commentaries on the Bible." It having been mentioned to Dr. Johnson that a gentleman who had a son whom he imagined to have an extreme degree of timidity, resolved to send him to a publick school, that he might acquire confidence: "Sir," said Johnson, "this is a preposterous expedient for removing his infirmity; such a disposition should be cultivated in the shade. Placing him at a publick school is forcing an owl upon day." Speaking of a gentleman whose house mission to that employment, which requires both abilities and integrity, has given rise to injurious reflections, which are totally inapplicable to many very respectable men who exercise it with reputation and honour. Johnson having argued for some time with pertinacious gentleman; his opponent, who had talked in a very puzzling manner, happened to say, "I don't understand you, sir; " upon which Johnson observed, "Sir, I have found you an argument; but I am not obliged to find you an understanding." Talking to me of Horry Walpole (as 1 [Ante, p. 115.-ED.] * See unte, vol. i. p. 171.-BOSWELL. Horace, now Earl of Orford, was often called), Johnson allowed that he got together a great many curious little things, and told them in an elegant manner. Mr. Walpole thought Johnson a more amiable character after reading his Letters to Mrs. Thrale: but never was one of the true admirers of that great man. We may suppose a prejudice conceived, if he ever heard Johnson's account to Sir George Staunton, that when he made speeches in parliament for the Gentleman's Magazine, "he always took care to put Sir Robert Walpole in the wrong, and to say every thing he could against the electorate of Hanover." The celebrated Heroick Epistle, in which Johnson is satirically introduced, has been ascribed both to Mr. Walpole aud Mr. Mason. One day at Mr. Courtenay's, when a gentleman expressed his opinion that there was more energy in that poem than could be expected from Mr. Walpole; Mr. Warton, the late laureate, observed, "It may have It is been written by Walpole, and buckram'd by Mason 2." He disapproved of Lord Hailes, for having modernised the language of the ever memorable John Hales of Eton, in an edition which his lordship published of that writer's works. "An authour's language, sir," said he," is a characteristical part of his composition, and is also characteristical of the age in which he writes. Besides, sir, when the language is changed, we are not sure that the sense is the same. No, sir: I am sorry Lord Hailes has done this.' Here it may be observed, that his frequent use of the expression, No, sir, was not always to intimate contradiction: for he would say so when he was about to enforce an affirmative proposition which had not been denied, as in the instance last mentioned. I used to consider it as a kind of flag of defiance; as if he had said, " Any argument you may offer against this is not just. No, sir, it is not." It was like Falstaff's "I deny your major 3." Sir Joshua Reynolds having said that he took the altitude of a man's taste by his stories and his wit, and of his understanding by the remarks which he repeated; being always sure that he must be a weak man, who quotes common things with an emphasis as if they were oracles;-Johnson agreed with him; and Sir Joshua having also observed that the real character of a man was found out by his amusements, Johnson added, "Yes, sir; no man is a hypocrite in his pleasures." I have mentioned Johnson's general aversion to a pun. He once, however, endured one of mine. When we were talking of a numerous company in which he had distinguished himself highly, I said, Sir, you were a coD surrounded by smelts. Is not this enough for you? at a time too when you were not fishing for a compliment?” He laughed at this with a complacent approbation. Old Mr. Sheridan observed, upon my mentioning it to him, "He liked your compliment so well, he was willing to take it with pun sauce." [Though no In his Posthumous Works he has spoken of Johnson in the most contemptuous manner!MALONE. [Malone doubtless alludes to the edition of Walpole's Works, in 5 vols. 4to., published in 1798; but, with the exception of the Letters, almost the whole of Walpole's writings had been previously given to the world. The following passage occurs in one of the letters to General Conway, "Have you got Boswell's most absurd, enormous book? The best thing in it is a bon mot of Lord Pembroke. The more one learns of Johnson, the more preposterous assemblage he appears of strong sense, of the lowest bigotry and prejudices, of pride, brutality, fretfulness and vanity-and Boswell is the ape of most of his faults, without a grain of his sense. the story of a mountebank and his zany."5th Oct. 1785. In a letter to Mr. Cole, published since Mr. Malone's death, Walpole says, "I have no thirst to know the rest of my cotemporaries, from the absurd bombast of Dr. Johnson down to the silly Dr. Goldswith. Though the latter changeling has had bright gleams of parts, and the former had sense till he changed for words and sold it for a pension."-27 April, 1773. The expression is smart and epigrammatic, but has, as relates to Johnson, little meaning. Johnson's sense and verbosity were cotemporaneous. Indeed his later works have fewer hard words than his first publications; so that at least he did not "change sense for words." As to the pension, it has been shown that Johnson did not sell his principles for it: but, at all events, he did not "sell his sense" in the meaning of parting-ED.] with it. And the Quarterly Review on Walpole's Memoirs (March, 1822), proves that though he talked and wrote in strains of high disinterestedness, he was the last man who ought to have charged another with any venal change either of principles or language. As to Goldsmith, Walpole had before happily characterised him as inspired idiot."-ED.] an " It is now (1804) known, that the "Hercick Fpistle was written by Mason.-MALONE. [The Editor is satisfied, from a variety of evidence, that Walpole was concerned in this lively satire, and that the distribution of the shares given in a former note (ante, p. 298) is substantially conect. 3 [Sir James Mackintosh remembers that while spending the Christmas of 1797 at Reaconsfield, Mr. Burke said to him, "Johnson showed more powers of mind in company than in his writings, but he argued only for victory; and when he had neither a paradox to defend, nor an antagonist to crush, he would preface his assent with, Why, no, sir."-ED.] Hawk. great friend to puns, he once, by acciApoph. dent, made a singular one. A person p. 210. who affected to live after the Greek manner, and to anoint himself with oil, was one day mentioned: Johnson, in the course of conversation on the singularity of his practice, gave him the denomination of this man of Greece (or grease, as you please to take it)]. For my own part, I think no innocent species of wit or pleasantry should be suppressed; and that a good pun may be admitted among the smaller excellencies of lively conversation. Had Johnson treated at large De Claris Oratoribus, he might have given us an admirable work. When the Duke of Bedford attacked the ministry as vehemently as he could, for having taken upon them to extend the time for the importation of corn, Lord Chatham, in his first speech in the House of Lords, boldly avowed himself to be an adviser of that measure. "My colleagues," said he, "as I was confined by indisposition, did me the signal honour of coming to the bedside of a sick man, to ask his opinion. But, had they not thus condescended, I should have taken up my bed, and walked, in order to have delivered that opinion at the Council-board." Mr. Langton, who was present, mentioned this to Johnson, who observed, "Now, sir, we see that he took these words as he found them, without considering, that though the expression in Scripture, take up thy bed and walk, strictly suited the instance of the sick man restored to health and strength, who would of course be supposed to carry his bed with him, it could not be proper in the case of a man who was lying in a state of feebleness, and who certainly would not add to the difficulty of moving at all, that of carrying his bed 1." When I pointed out to him in the newspaper one of Mr. Grattan's animated and glowing speeches in favour of the freedom of Ireland, in which this expression occurred (I know not if accurately taken): "We will persevere, till there is not one link of the English chain left to clank upon the rags of the meanest beggar in Ireland:""Nay, sir," said Johnson," don't you perceive that one link cannot clank?" Mrs. Thrale has published 2, as Johnson's, a kind of parody or counterpart of a fine poetical passage in one of Mr. Burke's speeches on American taxation. It is vigorously but somewhat coarsely executed; and I am inclined to suppose, is not quite correctly exhibited. I hope he did not use 1 [Lord Chatham meant, in his strong metaphorical way, to say, that his desire to do that public duty would have operated a miracle on him; so that Johnson's remark seems hypercritical. -ED.] [Sec ante, p. 275.-ED.] the words "vile agents" for the Americans in the House of Parliament; and if he did so, in an extempore effusion, I wish the lady had not committed it to writing. Mr. Burke uniformly showed Johnson the greatest respect; and when Mr. Townshend, now Lord Sydney, at a period when he was conspicuous in opposition, threw out some reflection in parliament upon the grant of a pension to a man of such political principles as Johnson; Mr. Burke, though then of the same party with Mr. Townshend, stood warmly forth in defence of his friend, to whom, he justly observed, the pension was granted solely on account of his eminent literary merit. I am well assured, that Mr. Townshend's attack upon Johnson was the occasion of his "hitching in a rhyme 3;" for that in the original copy of Goldsmith's character of Mr. Burke, in his "Retaliation," another person's name stood in the couplet where Mr. Townshend is now introduced: It may be worth remarking among the minutia of my collection, that Johnson was once drawn to serve in the militia, the trained bands of the city of London, and that Mr. Rackstrow, of the Museum in Fleetstreet, was his colonel. It may be believed he did not serve in person; but the idea, with all its circumstances, is certainly laughable. He upon that occasion provided himself with a musket, and with a sword and belt, which I have seen hanging in his closet. He was very constant to those whom he once employed, if they gave him no reason to be displeased. When somebody talked of being imposed on in the purchase of tea and sugar, and such articles: "That will not be the case," said he, "if you go to a stately shop, as I always do. In such a shop it is not worth their while to take a petty advantage." An authour of most anxious and restless vanity 4 being mentioned, "Sir," said he, "there is not a young sapling upon Parnassus more severely blown about by every wind of criticism than that poor fellow." The difference, he observed, between a well-bred and an ill-bred man is this: "One immediately attracts your liking, the other your aversion. You love the one [I rather believe that it was in consequence of his persisting in clearing the gallery of the House of Commons, in spite of the earnest remonstrances of Burke and Fox, one evening when Garrick was present.--MACKINTOSH.] * [Probably Mr. Perceval Stockdale. See ante, p. 270.-ED.] |