SPECIAL BUILDINGS. EXHIBITION MADE BY THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT. CONTRIBUTING DEPARTMENTS. WAR DEPARTMENT.-Hon. J. DONALD CAMERON, Secretary of War. INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.-Hon. Z. CHANDLER, Secretary of the Interior. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.-Prof. JOSEPH HENRY, Director of Smithsonian Institution. COMMISSION OF AMERICAN FOOD FISHES.-Prof. S. F. BAIRD, Commissioner. BOARD ON BEHALF OF U. S. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS AT THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1876. Col. S. C. LYFORD, Ordnance Corps, U. S. Army, Chairman of the Board, and Representative of the War Department at the Exhibition. Rear Admiral THORNTON A. JENKINS, U. S. Navy, Representative of Navy Department. Hon. R. W. TAYLER, First Comptroller Treasury, Representative of Treasury Department. Hon. JOHN EATON, Commissioner of Education, Representative of Interior Department. Dr. C. F. MACDONALD, Superintendent Money Order Bureau, Representative of Post-Office Department. WILLIAM SAUNDERS, Superintendent Propagating Garden, Representative of Agricultural Department. Prof. S. F. BAIRD, Assistant Secretary Smithsonian Institution, Representative of Smithsonian Institution, and Commissioner of American Food Fishes. WM. A. DE CAINDRY, Secretary of the Board. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS. MAIN BUILDING, No. 51. Architect, JAMES H. WINDRIM.-Size, Floor Area, 102,840 square feet. This structure is situated at the intersection of Belmont and Fountain Avenues, is built in the form of a Latin cross, and is of framed white pine, unplaned, with two tiers of windows. It contains for exhibition contributions from the different Executive Departments of the United States Government. ORDNANCE LABORATORY BUILDING, No. 54. Architect, Col. T. T. S. LAIDLEY, Ordnance Corps, U. S. A.-Size, 53 feet by 23 feet. This building is located north of Main Building, and is built of wrought iron, rivetted, covered with a light casing of wood. It is designed with the view of preventing the great loss of life that usually results from the demolition of a building of ordinary construction, by the explosion of even a small amount of powder. In the event of an explosion in this building, the roof and sides fall at once, and the iron frame is left standing, in order to shield the inmates from being crushed beneath the ruins. The building, as well as its contents, is on exhibition. UNITED STATES ARMY POST HOSPITAL, No. 52. Size, 35 feet by 39 feet, and Addition of 40 feet by 14 feet. This Hospital is situated north of the Main Building, is two stories in height, and is intended to hold twenty-four beds. It is built of wood, and contains medical appliances of all kinds, including medicines, instruments, hospital stores, clothing, books, and furniture, models of hospitals, cars, boats, ambulances, etc., microscopical and other specimens. The construction of the building and its contents are on exhibition. TRANSIT OF VENUS BUILDINGS. This structure is situated southwest of Government Building, consisting of,— 1. Transit House.-Dimensions, 10 feet by 8 feet. 2. Photographic House.-Dimensions, 12 feet by 10 fect. 3. Equatorial House.-Dimensions, II feet in diameter. All the instruments employed in observing and recording the phenomena of the late transit of Venus are so placed on exhibition that the various processes will be exemplified by practical workings. WAR DEPARTMENT. SIGNAL SECTION. Signal Section. The instruments exhibited in the Signal Service Section of the United States Army are all of American manufacture, and only such as have been devised for the signal service of the army by officers or enlisted men of the corps. METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS. The display of self-recording instruments consists of barographs, anemographs, thermographs, rain-gauges, and evaporator. Some of these are worked by electrical batteries, others by mechanical means. Those recording the velocity and direction of the wind, the amount of rainfall and changes of temperature, are connected with their respective wind-cups, wind-vanes, rain-receivers, and thermometers, exposed upon an artificial glass roof, beneath which the recording apparatus is placed, each electrical instrument having its own battery. Artificial currents of air and water are used to obtain uninterrupted working. UNITED STATES SIGNAL STATION. This department consists of a model United States signal service station, similar to those established in different sections of the United States. Here are exhibited the meteorological instruments used on station; the manner of taking, recording, and transmitting to the central office at Washington the observations upon which the weather reports, storm warnings, etc., are based; the method of publishing and distributing the predictions forwarded from the office of the Chief Signal Officer of the army, as well as the various means adopted to furnish at the earliest practicable moment all weather information which would be of benefit to commerce and agriculture. Specimens of the publications, charts, and maps of the office of the Chief Signal Officer are also exhibited. PRINTING DEPARTMENT. Here are exhibited in detail the printing of "weather maps" and "farmers' bulletins. FIELD WORK. This portion of the exhibition comprises a complete United States field-telegraph train, with capacity to erect 50 miles or more of portable telegraph line; portable signal tower 75 feet high, with its wagon; semaphore, signal flags, torches, rockets, bombs, and mortars, colored lights, heliographs (for communicating by means of sun flashing), and international flags, and other apparatus used in communicating with troops in the field or with vessels. Quartermaster, Medical, Engineer Sections. MODEL DEPARTMENT. The model department comprises models of the different instruments used in field signaling, models of station meteorological instruments and portable instrument shelter, and a new electrical instrument for transmitting by telegraph the isobarometric and isothermal lines of the Signal Service weather maps. QUARTERMASTER SECTION. Uniforms.-Revolutionary uniforms, and those of succeeding years; present uniforms of the army. Camp and Garrison Equipage.-Tents, flags, cooking utensils and tools; field musicdrums, bugles, etc.; bunks, blankets, and bedsacks. Means of Transportation.-Wagon and harness; ambulance and harness; aparajo; pack saddle; historic wagon; portable and traveling forges. MEDICAL SECTION. This display represents the character of the work of the medical staff of the United States army in peace and war. Four classes of objects are exhibited by the objects themselves, by models, or by photographs. 1. Hospitals for Sick and Wounded Soldiers. a Post hospital of 24 beds of full size. b Four full-sized hospital tents, with furniture representing the tent ward which served as the unit of the "tent field hospital" used during the civil war of 1861-65. c Models of the barrack "General Hospitals" used during the war of 1861-65, viz.: a model of the form of barrack ward for 60 beds, on the scale of half an inch to the foot; and four ground-plan models showing combinations of such wards in general hospitals. 2. Medical and Hospital Supplies. Samples of articles on the medical supply table of the army; medicines; hospital stores; surgical instruments and dressings; hospital furniture, bedding, clothing, and appliances; books, blank forms for reports, and stationery; medical panniers and medicine wagons, and samples of the artificial arms, legs, trusses, and other apparatus issued by the medical department to disabled soldiers. 3. Transportation of Sick and Wounded. Stretchers, litters, and ambulances, full size and models; models of hospital railroad cars, hospital steamboat, and hospital ocean steamship, illustrating mode of transporting sick and wounded during the late war. 4. Treatment of Diseases and Injuries of Soldiers. Army medical museum, represented by medical, surgical, anatomical, and microscopical specimens, photographs of specimens, and catalogue of museum; catalogue of SurgeonGeneral's office; photographed title pages of rare books on military medicine and surgery, etc.; medical and surgical publications of Surgeon-General's office. The Post Hospital, for twenty-four beds, constructed from plans approved by the War Department, contains the greater part of the display of the Medical Department, as follows: Room 1, 45x25, a ward with twelve beds, furniture, bedding, clothing, etc. Room 2 (the other ward, same size), models of hospitals, ambulances, hospital cars, boats, and ships, specimens from museum, etc. Room 3, the dispensary, samples of medical supplies. Room 4, the office, samples of surgical instruments, medical and surgical books, blanks, etc. Room 5, dining room, table ware, mess furniture. Room 6, kitchen, cooking apparatus. Room 7, office of officer in charge of the display. Rooms on second floor, stretchers, litters, medicine chests, and panniers; artificial legs and arms, trusses for rupture, and other appa ratus. Tent ward, full-sized hospital tents, pitched in the rear of the post hospital. Ambulances, medicine wagons, and carts, full-sized, parked near the tent ward. ENGINEER SECTION. Maps and Drawings. Map of the United States, showing work done by corps of engineers, 1776-1876. Drawing of Rock Island bridge. Map of canal and locks, Des Moines rapids. Map of Mississippi river, from Le Claire, Iowa, to Rock Island, Illinois. Drawings of improvements of Mississippi river between mouths of the Illinois and Ohio. Plans of improvements on Hudson river, near Albany. Drawing of iron landing pier, Delaware breakwater harbor. Drawing of foundation of Fort Delaware. Drawing of dynamometer for determining force required to screw down iron piles of Lewes pier. Drawing of Delaware breakwater, with details of breakwater and ice barrier. Map of shore of Delaware harbor, including Cape Henlopen. Chart of Schuylkill river, from mouth to Chestnut Street bridge, showing improvements made by United States in its navigation from 1870 to 1875. Drawing of dredge-boat "Henry Burden." Drawing of mortar mill and concrete mixer. Map of flood plain of Minnesota and Mississippi rivers, showing connection with basin of Red river and Lake Winnepeg. Drawings of snag boat. Chart of Galveston entrance. Detailed drawings and photographs, illustrating experimental works at Galveston en trance. Chart of Indianola harbor. Detail drawings of end dock. Lighthouse drawings, Eleventh district. Drawings of crib work for piers on Lake Ontario. Special map of region west of Mississippi river. Special triangulation map of region west of Mississippi river. Detailed topographical sheets of above region. Specimen copies of photolithographic atlas, Engineer, Ordnance Sections. crayon topographical atlas, and geological atlas. Models of Harbor Improvements. Work at Hallet's Point, N. Y. (Hellgate.) Northern extremity of Cape Cod. Section of iron landing pier of Delaware breakwater harbor. Iron ice barrier proposed for Horse Shoe of Delaware river. Breakwater at Dunkirk, N. Y. Crib and lighthouse on Spectacle reef, Lake Huron. Angle crib and lighthouse at Harbor of Refuge, Lake Huron. Model showing shore lines and breakwater at Harbor of Refuge, Lake Huron. Crib and pier at Chicago, Illinois. Crib work for piers on Lake Ontario. "Mattress or apron "used in improvements of harbor at mouth of Cape Fear river, N. C. Models of Machinery and Appliances. Capstan-head and machinery for screwing down iron piles at Delaware breakwater landing pier. Derrick for landing shafts. nipper" for sustaining piles. Snag boat, showing hull. Dredge-boat "McAlester." Large grapple. Photographs. Views of Hallet's Point, N. Y.; snag boat; Red river; cribs and piers at Chicago, Ill.; country west of Mississippi river (Wheeler expedition). Materials, Specimens, and Samples. Specimens of borings at site of landing pier of Delaware breakwater; of iron used in construction of landing pier; of timber piles taken from between tides at Reedy Island; ice barrier; of building stone, concrete, and woods,collected from various parts of the United States; of fossil trees; of large cypress stump, taken from mouth of Cape Fear river, N. C. Miscellaneous. United States bridge equipage, pontoon wagons, loaded; tool wagon; forge; model of bridge train, wagons, and loads; reserve and advance guard bridges; siege and mining tools; field photographic outfit; reconnoissance instruments; bridge model; models of torpedoes; models of apparatus for measuring subaqueous explosions, in glass tank; torpedoes, full size, models, 1874-75; ground mine; cable stop; junction boxes; torpedo cables, multiple and single; operating box; electrical apparatus used with torpedoes; iron plate from torpedo target, showing effects of thirty pounds of dynamite exploded under water at thirty feet distance; models of King, De Russy, and Hunt self-depressing gun carriages; models of mortar carriage and muzzle-pivoting gun carriage; surveying, astronomical, and barometrical instruments for field work; publications of the engineer bureau. ORDNANCE SECTION. Sea Coast Guns. 20 in. Rodman gun, on carriage and chassis, with hydraulic buffer, on platform; imple ments. 12 in. Thompson b. 1. rifle, experimental, under Laidley's gun lift. 9 in. Sutcliffe b. 1. rifle, experimental, on carriage and chassis, with Sinclair's frictionbrake, mounted on platform; implements. Light 12 pdr. gun, 4.62 in. wooden carriage, with limber; implements. Sutcliffe 3.9 in. b. 1. rifle, experimental. Hotchkiss 3.9 in. b. 1. rifle, experimental. Moffat 3.15 in. b. 1. rifle, experimental. Mann's 3 in. b. 1. rifle, experimental. 3 in. wrought iron, m. 1. rifle, mounted on Benton's experimental iron 12 pdr. field carriage, with limber and caisson; implements; model horse harnessed to limber, with mounted driver. 10 pdr. Parrot rifle, mounted on Watervliet arsenal experimental iron field carriage, with limber. 3 in. Whitworth field piece, on carriage. 2.5 in. Woodbridge gun, experimental; fired 1327 times. Hotchkiss field cannon, experimental. Rebel b. 1. pieces, field and boat, experimental skids. Lyman's multicharge rifle, cal. 6 in., experimental skids. Bomford and Wade perforated gun, experimental; used to determine experimentally exterior lines of heavy cannon, by means of pressure at different points of bore. Mountain howitzer, mounted on carriage. Mountain howitzer battery, or stands. Volley and Repeating Guns, Gatling gun, short barrel, cal. 45, on cavalry carriage; model horse in harness. Hotchkiss revolving cannon, on carriage, experimental. Union repeating (coffee-mill) gun, on carriage, experimental. Regua battery, on carriage, experimental. Guthrie & Lee gun, on carriage, experimental. Vandenburgh volley gun, on carriage, experimental. Revolutionary Guns. 6 pdr. French guns, bronze, presented by Lafayette; forming enclosure around models of modern gun plant. 12 pdr. siege gun, bronze, mounted on wooden carriage, with limber. 8 in. howitzer, bronze, mercer. 24 pdr. howitzers, Byer's; cast in Philadelphia. Anthony Wayne howitzers, intended to be used on horseback; cast in Germantown, Philadelphia, by D. King. |