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and expenditure of same for year ending 25th March, 1833, 35. 189; in the year ending 25th March, 1834, 36. 174; propor tion of paupers relieved to the population of, in 1839 and 1840, 42. 168. SCHOOLS: number of Church of England, in, and of scholars in same (1832), '33. 121; house tax, inhabited houses assessed to, and rental of same, for year ending 5th April, 1830, '32. 106, 107; turnpike trusts, their extent and income in (1834), '35. 193; trusts in, and income and expenditure of same, in 1834, '37. 177; the same, and length of roads, in 1839, '42. 122. Flitter-mouse, or bat, '29. 30. Floating mills on the Tiber, '29. 61. Flodden, battle of, '28. 49. Flodoard, '31. 67; '32. 66. Flogging in the army restricted, '34.

196; motion to abolish, by clause in the Mutiny Bill (1833) rejected, '34. 190; motion for the abolition of, rejected, '37. 196; abolition of, except in time of war, motion for, rejected, '37. 196; particulars of, for five years ending 31st Dec. 1835, '37. 184; the practice of, on Sunday, forbidden, '42. 238.

Flood-tide, what it is, '30. 49. Floods in various places: viz., at Brentford, '42. 235; in Germany, and at Vienna, '31. 234; at Leeds and Halifax, 30. 263; in and near London, '42. 244; in Scotland, id. 264; in Scotland and in England, '32. 236.

"Flora Danica," '32. 75.
Flora Peruviana, 32. 72.
Floréal, month of, '30. 20.
Florence, '31. 66.

of Worcester, '32. 58. treaty of, '31. 55. "History of," "32. 55, 56. Florian, 31. 77; '32. 69. Florida discovered, '30. 94; ceded to England, '28. 62; ceded to America, 28. 65; ceded by Spain, '31. 42; ceded to United States, '31. 60; its extent and representation in 1823, 32. 120; popula

tion of, and number of slaves in, in 1830, '33. 90. Florin, value of, '28. 165; (Austria), its value, &c. (1829), '30. 102; gold (Baden), its value, &c. (1829), id. 103; silver ditto, id.` ib.; (Basle), its value, &c. (1829), id. 109; (Dutch) its value (1829), id. 105; price of twenty ditto, id. ib.; of ten ditto, id. ib.; (Lombardo-Venetian), its value, &c. (1829), id. 105; (Saxony), its value, &c. (1829), id. 108; (Zurich), its value, &c. (1829), id. 109.

Florus, '28. 54; '31. 65; '32. 53. Flour, penalty for adulterating, '37. 121; mode of lightening, '29. 130.

and bread, economy in the use of, '29. 126-130.

Importation Bill thrown out, '41. 209.

see further, Corn, GRAIN. Flower roots, duty on (1836), '37.

128. Flowers, in rooms, detrimental to health, '28. 111.

artificial, duty on (1829),

'30. 204.

"Flowers of History," '32. 58. Flowering ash, '29. 65; raspberry, '29. 67.

Flues and chimneys, Act regulating

the size, &c. of, '41. 164, 165. Flugge, August., dies, '41. 138. Fluids, theory of, Newton, '29. 61; equilibrium of, D'Alembert, '29. 61; pressure of, Archimedes, '29. 61; resistance of, '29.61. Flushing ceded to the French, 31.

56.

Flux, deaths from, within the bills

of mortality in 1827, '29. 110. Fluxions invented, '29. 60; Newton, id. 56.

Fly, common house, 29. 39; swarms of, indicate unwholesome air, id. ib.

Fodéré, his observations on water, '36. 24; his observations on wines quoted, '36. 24; his opinion on protracted pregnancy, '36. 31. Fog, what it is, 30. 77; how produced, id. 85; smell of, not accounted for, id. 87.

K

Fogs, dense, in London, '29. 246.
Fogs, and mists, and clouds, disser-
tation on, '30. 77—87.
Fogan, '31. 75.

Folard, '31. 75; *32. 68.
'Folding of sheep, '28. 40.
Foleshill, population of, '33. 74;
Poors' Rate Act, '31. 211; church
at, finished, '42. 206.
Folkes, Mr., his account of the time-
keepers of Harrison, '42. 33, 34,
and t.

Folly Bridge, further Act, '35. 219. Fontana dies, '38. 128. Fontainebleau, concordat at, '31. 58; peace of, id. 49; preliminaries of, id. 52; treaty of, '31.

53.

number of English

residing at, in 1829, '30. 217. Fontainesia phillyræoides, 29. 65. Fontanini, '31. 74.

Fontenelle, '31.75; '32. 68.
Fontenoy, battle of, '28. 61.
Food, unrestricted trade in articles

of, shewn to be beneficial, '35.
110; articles of, prices of, regu-
lated, '39. 64, 65; duty on (1829),
'30. 206; import duties on ar-
ticles of (1839), '41. 119.

of labourers and artizans, observations for the improvement of, '34. 42.

of agricultural labourers in 1796, 34. 38; in Yorkshire (1833), 34. 41, 42. "Fool of Quality," '32. 61. Fool's parsley, poisonous properties

of, and remedies against, 28. 122. Foot, origin of the measure, '30.111.

guards. Motion that their privileges should cease rejected, '37. 192; number of, and whether English, Scotch, or Irish, in the British army in 1830 and 1840,

'42. 171.

rot obviated by moles, '30. 46.

Footway, law relating to (1829), '30. 138.

Foote, Samuel, *32. 61.

"For the public good, 'league, '31. 44.

"Forbidden and permitted food," $32.47.

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Forest of Dean railway, account of, 37. 87; 41. 62; roads Act, '39. 213.

Forestalling, laws relating to, '39. Forfar, population of (1821), '29.65, $3; in 1811, 1821, and 1831, *33. 84.

and Arbroath Railway Act, 37. 224; further Act, 41. 220; railway, particulars of, id. 74, 82, 83.

Forfarshire, population of, and of the principal towns of, in 1811, 1821, and 1831; value of real property in, and its representation, 33. 84; summary of same in 1821 and 1831, distinguishing the sexes, id. 89; the same in

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1841, 42. 108; population of, in 1801, 1811, 1821, 1831, and 1841, and increase per cent., id. 110; electors, number of in, in 1836, '37. 182; houses, number of inhabited, uninhabited, and building in 1841, '42. 108; occupations of persons in (1881), 35. 98, 99; turnpike trusts, their extent and income in (1834), '35. 193; gates in, rents of in 1833, 1834, and 1835, '37. 178. Forfarshire, incendiary fires in, '35. 254.

"Forfarshire" steamer, wreck of, '39. 251.

Forfeiture. Act to amend the law relating to escheat and forfeiture of real and personal property holden in trust (4 W. IV. c. 23), 35. 132; Act removing doubts on (1 & 2 Vict. c. 67), '39. 157. Forged notes, uttering, increase of, in 1840, '42. 101.

Forgery, number of executions for, in England and Wales (1826),

29. 89; number of cases of, from 1833 to 1836, '30. 185; comparison of forgeries committed in 1834, 1835, and 1836, which were capital (1837), with those which were not so, '38. 186; petition of bankers, &c., for abolition of death for, presented by Mr. Brougham, 31. 205; death for, in all cases but of wills, clause for abolishing by Sir James Macintosh, '31. 206; clause restoring, inserted by the Lords, '31. 208; punishment for (1836), (1 W. IV. c. 66), 31. 157-162; punishment of death abolished for, except of wills, and powers of attorney to transfer stock (2 & 3 W. IV. c. 123), 33. 169; capital punishment for, abolished (7 W. IV. & 1 Vict. c. 84), '38. 158, 159.

bail for, not to be taken except in certain cases (5 & 6 W. IV. c. 73), '36. 132.

effect of the abolition of death for, on charges of, 42. 103. increase of the crime in 1840, '42. 101; former conviction, how proved, '28. 142.

Forres, population of, '33. 84;

Act, '35. 219.

Forster, '31. 76.; '32. 65.

Gaol

Thomas, his article “Cloud,” in Supplement to Encyclopædia Britannica, referred to, '30. 68+. Fort St. David built, '32. 26; taken by the French, '32. 29.

- St. George built, "32. 28'; made a presidency, id. ib.

Vittoria given to the English,. *32. 28.

- William, Calcutta, built, *32, 26.

Forteguerra, N., '31. 74; '32. 57. Fortescue, John, '31. 68; '32. 59. Forth, Frith of, passage Act, '31. 211.

and Clyde Navigation Act, '37. 224; Canal and River Clyde, Canal to connect, Act for, id. 222; Canal to Campsie Alum works. Canal from, Act for, 38. 212; Navigation Acts. Consolidation and Amendment Act, '42. 198.

and Edinburgh Railway Act, '37. 224; Alteration Act, 40. 216, 217. Fortifications of Paris, credit for,

42. 234; extent of, determined, id. ib.; debates on, closed, id. 236. Fortingull, population of, '33. 86. Fortrose, population of, '33. 87. Fortunate days of the Turks, '28. 15; '29. 17.

Fortunatus, Verran, '32. 66.
Foscolo, Ugo, '31. 76; '32. 57.
Foster, Mr., his design for a Moorish
archway on the Liverpool and
Manchester railway, '31. 229.

Mr. John, architect of the Liverpool Custom House, '31. 215. Fothergillia Alnifolia, '29. 65. FOULARDS, SEE SILK MANUFACTURES. Found dead, number of persons,

within the Bills of Mortality, in 1827, '29. 160. "Foundation of Faith," '32. 47. "Foundation of the World," '32. 47.

Foundling Hospital, '30. 155; use of rice in, in lieu of flour in 1795, '29. 128.

Fountain, air, invented-Hero, *29. 61.

Fouques, 31. 69; 32. 66. Four per cents. reduced to three and a-half per cents. (11 G. IV. c. 11), '31. 139; Annuities, Act for conversion of, into new three and a-half per cents. (4 W. IV. c. 31), '35. 137; reduction, debate on, '31. 202.

Four-cleft calothamnus, '31. 37. "Four Orders," the, '32. 47. Fourcroy, 31. 77; '32.69. Fourdrinier, Messrs., grant to, '41. 207.

Fourier, intended colony on his system in Brazil, '42. 243. Fourpences, value of, coined in

1836 and 1837, '39. 181; coined from 1816 to 1840, 42. 155. Fouta Toro, republic of, its extent, population, capital, and religions in 1828, '29. 74, 75. Fowler, Mr. C., architect of New Hungerford-market, '31. 221, 222; of the new church at Honiton, '39. 221.

and Sievier, Messrs., their premium for a design for the Nelson monument, '40. 222. Fox, '31. 70; '32. 59.

C. J., 32. 62; in office, '28. 63; his "India Bill," '32. 37.

Jonathan, committed by the House of Commons, 29. 204. FOX SKINS, see FURS.

Foxglove, poisonous properties of, and remedies against, 28. 122. Canary, 31. 38; Ma

deira, id. ib. Fox grape, '29. 67. Foxtail grass, '30. 40. Fracastoro, G., '31. 70; '32. 55. Fraction, definition of, 28. 105. Fractions, continued, Lord Brounker, '29. 57.

decimal, Lord Napier,

*29. 56. Fractures, death from, within the Bills of Mortality, in 1827, '29. 110.

Fradgley, Mr., architect and engineer of Rocester-bridge, '41. 253. Fragaria sterilis, '29. 28. Fragrant heath, '31. 39. Fraisch, district of, Prussian Commercial League, '42. 113.

Frame breaking, punishment for, '28. 142.

Frampton, Mr., his opinion of the good working of the Poor Law Amendment Act as regards agricultural labourers, '37. 59, 60. Franc, value of, '28. 165. Franc piece (French), its value, &c. (1829), 30. 104; two ditto, id. ib.; twenty ditto, id. ib.; forty ditto, id. ib.; half ditto, id. ib.; quarter ditto, id. ib. France founded by Clovis, 28. 56;

invaded by William I., id. 57; chronological table of monarchs of, from the year 800 to 1828, '29. 47 -54; population of, from 1817 to 1825, 28.89; extent, population, and military force of, in 1828, '28.70; and her colonies, extent and population of, in 1828, id. 74; monarchy of, its extent, population, sovereign, capital, religion, revenue, debt, army, and navy, in 1828, 29. 70, 71; amount of population of (1829), '29. 86; number of Jews in (1829), '30. 100; extent, population, and military force of, and extent and population of same with its colonies (1831), 33. 54-56; population and sovereign of (1836), '36. 107; population of, enumerations of, when taken, '40. 104; increase of inhabitants in, 29. 78; limits of, defined, 28. 64; evacuated, id. 65; boundary of, settled, '31. 55; proportion of revenue, debt, army, navy, and representation to population (1829), '30. 100; gold, silver, and copper coins of, their names, value, weight, alloy, and value in English money (1829), '30. 103, 101; revolution in, July 1830, '31. 237; the Duke of Orleans made lieutenant-general of, 31. 237; conspiracy to dethrone Louis Philippe and restore the Bourbons, '33. 229; the King's speeches on the opening of the Chambers, '35. 252, 259; '37. 252; '39. 248; '41. 253. Ministries: formation of the Lafitte ministry, '31. 239; list of, id. ib. ; Perreir ministry formed, '32. 236;

Soult ministry formed, '33. 232; Marshal Soult minister, '40. 258; Thiers ministry formed, '41. 253; discontent of the Chambers, '31. 231, 235; Chamber of Deputies dissolved, id. 236; disputes between the Chambers, '34. 241; Chamber of Deputies dissolved, peers created, '38. 247; Chamber of Deputies dissolved, '40. 256; opening of the Chambers, 41.256; new electoral law of, '32. 236. France, hereditary peerage, abolition of, proposed and carried in the Deputies, '32. 240; abolished in France, '33. 228; law of inheritance, infringement of, prevented, '35. 253; laws against the press, &c., '36. 247; anti-slavery question decided by the Deputies, emancipation refused, id. 243; mediation of, between the Porte and Mehemet Ali, '34. 241, 242; armed peace, policy of, '42. 234; disturbances in, on the tax survey, id. 241; British consul-general, consuls, and vice-consul to, where employed, and amount of their salaries (1828), 31. 181; number of English in (1836), '37.256; copyright term is determined, '42. 237; patents in, '30. 127; number of, granted in, from 1821 to 1826, id. 130; crime, statistics of, in, '35. 39-59; criminals, ages of, from 1826 to 1832, id. 50, 51; number of persons tried in the courts of assize from 1826 to 1832, id. 43-45; crime, state of, in France and England, '36. 5962; letters sent to, and received from, prior and subsequent to the Post-office Convention of July 1836, '38. 197; coal, quantity annually raised in (1826 and 1836), '39. 192; mercantile shipping of, number and tonnage of, in 1840, '40. 187; prohibitory system of, its impolicy, '35. 104108; vessels of, employed in the foreign trade of the United Kingdom, in 1840, '42. 160; trade of the United Kingdom with-account of the amount of British exports to France, and of all imports from France in each year, from

1814 to 1830, '32. 180; ExpoRTS to, value of, in 1828, '31. 177; of British produce, &c. to, in 1830, 33. 179; in 1831, 84. 158; in 1827, 1830, 1833, 1834, and 1835, '37. 160; in 1836, '38. 173; in 1836 and 1837, '39. 189; in 1838, '40. 181; in 1839, '41. 188; in 1840, '42. 163; British copper, quantity of, exported to, in 1833, 35. 179; brass and copper manufactures, exports to, value of, in 1838, '40. 183; coals, quantity of, exported to, in 1833, 35. 186; in 1836, '38. 178; in 1840, '42. 163; cotton goods, value of, exported to, in 1832, '35. 178; cotton goods, British, quantity and value of, exports to, in 1833 and 1834, '36. 169; in 1838, '40. 182; hardwares and cutlery, exports to, value of, in 1838, id. 183; iron and steel, exports to, value of, in 1838, id. ib.; linens, exports to, value of, in 1838, id. ib.; linen yarn, exports to, quantity and value of, in 1838, ul. 183; machinery, exports to, value of, in 1836, 38. 178; and mill work, same, in 1838, '40. 183; quantity of rum exported to, in 1829, '31. 186; in 1831, '33. 183 ; in 1832, '34. 169; silk manufactures, export to, value of, in 1835, 37. 168; in 1838, 40. 183; tin, quantity of, exported to, in 1833, '35. 180; in 1835, '37. 168; tin and pewter wares, in 1838, 40. 183; wool and woollens, British, value of exports to, in 1832, '34. 167; woollen manufactures exported to, in 1840, '42. 161; woollens and woollen yarn, exports to, value of, in 1838, '40. 183; IMPORTS from, cotton, quantity imported from, in 1834, '36. 168; wool, import of, from, and value of exports of British woollens to, in 1833, '35. 176, 177; value of imports from; and of exports of home produce, &c., and foreign and colonial merchandize to, in 1831, 34. 160; imports and exports, value of, to and from, with Great Britain, in each of five years from 1815 to 1839, '41. 190.

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