Over the altar is a painting of the Last Supper by West; and the E. window above is filled with a semiopaque picture of the Resurrection, designed by him, to admit which much of the ancient tracery and stained glass were removed. On the 1. of the altar is the splendid screen of Gothic iron, for the tomb of King Edward IV., supposed to be the work of Quentin Matsys, the blacksmith-painter of Antwerp. Here hung the king's coat-of-mail, and his surcoat of crimson velvet, embroidered with pearls, rubies, and gold, which were carried off by the Parliamentarian soldiers when the chapel was defaced in 1643. Above the screen two oriel windows give light to the Royal Closet or pew occupied by the queen when she attends divine service in this chapel. The view on looking back from this point is especially rich in colour and splendid in detail. In going round the outside of the choir, from the N. to the S. aisles, the 1st chapel on the 1. is the Rutland Chapel, founded by Sir Thomas St. Leger to contain the altar-tomb of his wife Anne Duchess of Exeter, Her sister of Edward IV., 1528. effigy, with that of her husband, are repeated upon a brass-plate upon the walls. 1. are some of the stained windows, which surround the choir, and are filled with portraits of royal personages, commencing with EdIV. and Queen Adelaide. rt. is the ward III. and ending with William Hastings Chapel, built by his widow contain the tomb of William to Lord Hastings, the chamberlain of Edward IV., who was beheaded by Richard III., 1483, but was afterwards allowed to be buried, "his body with his head," beside the tomb of his beloved master, while the priest appointed to pray constantly for his soul had a special house close to the N. door of the chapel. This chantry is dedicated to St. Stephen, whose life is represented in painting on the wall. rt. near this, is a statue of Field Marshal William Earl Harcourt (1830), by Sevier. Further rt. is the tomb of King Edward IV., who was interred here April 14, 1483, "with great funeral honour and heaviness of his people." His burial caused the Lament' of Skelton the poetlaureate : "O Lady Bes, long for me may ye call, For I am departed till domis day; Where be my castells and buildynges royall, But Windsore alone, now I have no more And of Eton the prayers perpetuall." On a stone near are inscribed the names of George Duke of Bedford, 3rd son, and Mary, 5th daughter of Edward IV. Queen Elizabeth Woodville was buried (1492) by her children near the king, but without any pomp or ceremony. Her grave is within the choir. Beyond, on rt., is the monument of Princess Louisa of Saxe Weimar, niece of Queen Adelaide, who died at Windsor, 1817. At the E. end of the N. aisle is the entrance of the Chapter-house, in which the sword of Edward III. is preserved, and where there is a full-length portrait of that monarch in his robes of state. Opposite the E. end of the choir is the entrance of the Royal Tombhouse built by Henry VII., who intended it for his burial-place, before the building of his chapel in Westminster Abbey. It was granted by Henry VIII. to Wolsey, who there began a splendid monument for himself, which was never finished, and was completely demolished in the civil war, when the upper part was sold as defaced brass for 600l., but the black marble sarcophagus was allowed to lie neglected till used for its present purpose as the covering of Nelson's tomb in St. Paul's Cathedral. In the reign of James II. Verrio was employed to paint the ceiling of the Tomb-house, and mass was performed there, which led to its being defaced by the indignant populace, after which it remained untouched till restored in 1800 by George III., who constructed the vault beneath it, in which he and his family are buried. The Tomb-house can only be visited by a special order from the Lord Chamberlain. Turning into the S. aisle from E. to W., the 1st chapel on the 1. is the Lincoln Chapel, with a magnificent altar-tomb to the Earl of Lincoln, 1584, Lord High Admiral in the reign of Elizabeth, and an eminent statesman of Henry VIII. and Edward VI. He is represented, with his countess, lying upon a mat, with their 8 children beneath. The shrine of Sir John Shorne was removed hither from North Marston in Bucks, and the stained windows which once existed here narrated his extraordinary history. Near this is the memorial niche of Richard Beauchamp Bishop of Salisbury. In the centre of the arch above he is represented kneeling, with Edward IV., before a cross. Opposite, a black-letter Bible is chained, where he ordered a breviary to be placed, in order that passers-by might say a prayer for his soul. Near this a black marble slab in the pavement marks the grave of Henry VI,, whose body was removed hither from Chertsey by Richard III. "Here o'er the martyr-king the marble weeps; While fast beside him once-fear'd Edward sleeps ; The grave unites, where e'en the great find rest, And blended lie th' oppressor and th' opprest."-Pope. Stow relates that after his removal here he was worshipped by the name of the Holy King Henry, whose hat of red velvet was thought to heal the headache of such as put it on. Prayers to him were inserted in service-books of the early part of the 16th centy. Foxe says that "As [Canon] Testwood chanced to walke in the church in the afternoone, and beheld the pilgrims, especially of Devon and Cornwall, how they came in by plumps with candles and images of wax in their hands, it pitied his heart to see such great idolatrie committed, and how easily the people spent their goods in coming so farre to kiss a spur and have an old hat set on their heads; insomuch that hee could not refraine, but went up to them, and with all gentlenesse began to exhort them to leave such false worshipping of dumbe creatures." Lambard tells how "Windsore was polluted with the evil worship of Holy King Henry (as they called him). The seely bewitched people gadded hither on pilgrimage, being persuaded that a small chippe of his bedstead (which was kept here) was a precious relique, and to put upon a man's heade an olde red velvet hatte of his (that lay theare) was a sovereign medecine against the headache." Proceeding on rt., a black marble 66 stone, with a ducal coronet and the | the arms of England. Immediately name "Charles Brandon," covers above are 4 exquisite and expressive the grave of the Duke of Suffolk bas-reliefs by Theed, which repre (1545), who married Mary, widow of sent " Clothing the naked," "Giving Louis XII. of France, and sister of bread to the hungry," Receiving Henry VIII. Further rt. is the the weary,' "Visiting the sick." Oxenbridge Chapel, founded (1522) On the same tomb are commemoby a canon of that name. It is de- rated other members of the royal dicated to St. John Baptist, and house of Gloucester, viz. William contains some curious pictures of Henry Duke of Gloucester, 1805; his life, with figures in the costume Maria Duchess of Gloucester, 1807; of Henry VIII. Beyond, on rt., is Princess Caroline Matilda of Glouthe screen which formerly existed cester, 1775; William Frederick in the Urswick Chapel, containing Duke of Gloucester, 1834; Princess the monument of its founder, with a Sophia Matilda of Gloucester, 1844. touching epitaph in Latin. 1. is the beautiful little Aldworth Chapel, so called from the monuments of that family. It is supposed to have been built by Oliver King, Bishop of Exeter, 1492, and afterwards (1495) of Bath and Wells, when he built Bath Abbey. Here are the tombs of two children of his family:-"Dorothy King, 1630, lent to her parents, but speedilie required againe;" and "William King, 1633, who, being soon wearie of his abode on earth, left his parents to preserve a memorial of him, after 10 weeks' pilgrimage." The stained windows above this part of the aisle represent the Coronation of William III., and Queen Anne presenting her bounty to the bishops. 66 rt. are portraits on panels of Edward IV., Edward V., and Henry VII., with an inscription to their secretary, Oliver King. Beyond is the beautiful monument by G. G. Scott, which, as the inscription tells, was erected by Queen Victoria as a tribute of respect and affection to her beloved aunt Mary Duchess of Gloucester, A.D. 1859." The top of the tomb is composed of serpentine marble, the figure of the cross, with the rose, thistle, and shamrock enamelled thereon. The front and ends of the tomb are of white marble, the inscriptions being enclosed in panels of serpentine with mosaic borders, each panel diapered with I. near the S. door is the Bray Chapel, founded (temp. Henry VII.) by Sir Reginald Bray, who built the beautiful roof of the choir, and is buried here without a tomb. It contains a curious font, and monuments to Thompson Bishop of Gloucester, 1612; Brideoake Bishop of Chichester, 1678; and the grave of the learned Dr. Waterland. The number of relics of English saints which enriched St. George's Chapel before the Reformation is worthy of notice. Besides some milk and a candle-end of the Virgin, and skulls of SS. Bartholomew and Thomas, it contained bones of SS. Osyth, Richard, David, Margaret of Scotland, Thomas of Hereford, William of England, William of York, and Thomas of Canterbury. chapel was terribly injured in the civil wars, though Dean Christopher Wren, father of the architect, contrived to secure many of the valuables. The On the 1. of the Chapel-door is a curious inscription to George Brooke, yeoman of the guard to Henry VIII., Edward VI., Mary, and Elizabeth. Behind the Tomb-house are the beautiful Dean's Cloisters, built by Edward III., of which the S. wall is most interesting, as being the only remaining fragment of the ancient chapel of Henry III.; preserved, and adapted to its present purpose, when the rest of the chapel, which occu pied part of the site now filled by sight of in the building of Henry the cloisters, was destroyed. The III. details of the carving on the ancient Returning to the Lower Ward, on capitals are very curious; and within 1. is the Deanery, built by Dean the 1st arch is a relic of the an-Christopher Urswick, 1500, and bearcient mural painting, for the promotion of which Henry III. was so remarkable, being a crowned portrait of that monarch himself, discovered behind the plaster in 1859. Part of the picture was destroyed, but the head remains intact. A deed of 1248 is still extant, for payment to be made to William the monk of Westminster for the execution of this very painting! The projecting window on the opposite side of the cloister is interesting as being that of the room once occupied by Anne Boleyn. Behind these are the Canons' Cloisters, inhabited by those dignitaries. Here is the entrance to the Hundred Steps; whence a flight of 122 steps, issuing from an ancient sallyport, open from sunrise to sunset, communicates with the lower part of the town. A passage on the 1. leads, by the beautiful E. E. doorway of Henry III., to the N. side of the chapel, where several of the canons' houses are situated. In the outer wall of one of these, the Domus Regis of Henry III. is still distinctly to be traced. It is interesting to know that the orders, still extant, given to Walter de Burgh, 24th Henry III., for constructing rooms for the King and Queen's use, exactly tally with the traces of those apartments lately discovered, so that the door which is still to be seen in the wall of the 2nd story may be conjectured with much certainty to have been that of Queen Eleanor's bedchamber, in which Edward I. was born. In pulling down the other walls of this building, many curious fragments of an earlier construction were discovered, which had evidently belonged to the original castle of the Conqueror, but which had been enclosed and lost ing his arms and name. At the old Deanery occurred the sad leavetaking between Richard II. and his Queen Isabella, then only 11 years old, described by Froissart:-"After the canons had chaunted very sweetly [in the chapel], and the King himself had chaunted a collect and made his offerings, he took the Queen in his arms and kissed her 12 or 13 times, saying sorrowfully, Adieu, madame, until we meet again.' And the Queen began to weep, saying, 'Alas! my lord, will you leave me here?' Upon which the King's eyes filled with tears, and he said, 'By no means, mamye; but I will go first, and you, ma chère, shall come there afterwards.' Then the King and Queen_partook of wine and comfits at the Deanery, and all who chose did the same. Afterwards the King stooped down and took and lifted the Queen from the ground, and held her a long while in his arms, and kissed her at least 10 times, saying over, 'Adieu, ma chère, until we meet again;' and then placed her on the ground and kissed her at least twice more; and, by our Lady, I never saw so great a lord make so much of, or show such affection to a lady, as did King Richard to his Queen. Great pity it was that they separated, for they never saw each other more.' 1. Behind the Deanery is the Winchester Tower, which was the residence of the great prelate and architect William of Wykeham, who built it, and which was afterwards the abode of Sir J. Wyattville, the great modern architect of the Castle. rt. Between the Upper and Lower Wards stands the Round Tower, or Keep of the Castle, formerly called "La Rose," planted by Edward III. on the summit of a lofty artificial mound, and surmounted, when the Queen resides here, by the royal standard of England. This was the residence of the Governor or Castellan, to whose care all distinguished state prisoners have been intrusted. John King of France, taken at Crecy, was confined in this tower; and David King of Scotland, taken at Neville's Cross by Queen Philippa, in the tower connected with it by the wall at the S.W. of the Upper Ward, which wall is said to have been built in order to enable the royal prisoners to communicate more easily. Here also James I. of Scotland was long imprisoned by Henry IV.; and hence, in the time of Henry VIII., the gallant Earl of Surrey gazed down from the grated windows upon his fair Geraldine, and composed sonnets to her in his cell. The Earls of Lauderdale and Lindsay were imprisoned here under Oliver Cromwell, with many others. The last prisoner of state was the Maréchal de Bellisle, captured while crossing the territory of Hanover in the reign of George II. The most distinguished Governor of this tower was Prince Rupert, who filled the office after the Restoration. Evelyn describes how he "trimmed up the keep and handsomely adorned his hall with furniture of arms," and how "the huge steep stairs were invested with this martial furniture, so disposed as to represent festoons, without any confusion, trophy-like; while his bedchamber and ample rooms, hung with tapestry, curious and effeminate pictures, were extremely different from the other, which presented nothing but war and horror." All is now modernized. Washington Irving describes his visit to the royal James's prison, and his grief at seeing "the workmen dismantling the walls, pulling up the floors, and sweeping away, with most unromantic diligence, all the romantic charms with which poetry had clothed the spot." A flight of 150 stone steps leads into the interior. It is worth ascending them in clear weather, to enjoy the view, which is said to extend over 12 counties. The tower was raised 39 ft., and the flag-turret added, by Wyattville. The little Garden at the foot of the tower has been consecrated by the inspirations of the royal poet James I. of Scotland, who here first saw Lady Jane Beaufort, niece of the Cardinal, and daughter of the deceased Earl of Somerset, whom he took back with him as his wife on his return to Scotland, a union which gave universal satisfaction, as holding out a promise of peace between the two countries. His poem, called the 'King's Quair' (or Book), describes the garden : "Now there was made, fast by the tower's wall, A garden faire, and in the corners set Rail'd about; and so with leaves beset That lyf (person) was none, walking there forebye, That might within scarce any wight espye.' Those proceeding to see the interior of the Castle must turn to the 1. of the Round Tower, under the second gateway, which was built by Edward III., and bears the name of the Norman Gate, after passing which, they enter the Upper Ward. On their rt. is the entrance of the Round Tower; on their 1. a flight of steps leads through the wing of the Castle built by Elizabeth, to the magnificent Terrace, described further on. The Upper Ward occupies the site of the Castle added by Edward III., which was built by the French king's ransom, according to Stow, who also declares that the Scotch king's ransom was used in the remodelling of the Lower Ward; and that these alterations were suggested by the captive monarchis |