Boswell relates some of his speeches on this subject.

Archbishop King told Lord Carteret | for him. The mention of his name even that Swift was going to avow the author- seems to have put the good doctor in a ship. Lord Carteret's reply is interesting passion. at the present time. "If the boldness of the author should be so great, I am fully determined to summon him before the Council; and though I should not be supported as I wish, yet I shall think it my duty to take him into custody, and to detain him, if I can, by law; for if his offer of bail should be immediately accepted, and he forthwith set at liberty after so daring an insult upon his Majesty's government, it is to be apprehended that riots

and tumults would ensue."

Swift was very fond of the handsome Lady Carteret. He had promised to dine with her. He did not go- he was then getting very nervous and deaf. Lady Carteret, instead, visited the dean, who made an apology in verse: —

Can it be strange if I eschew

A scene so glorious, and so new;
Or is he criminal that flies
The living lustre of your eyes?

Carteret and Swift never played the courtier with each other. Swift, kept waiting once at the Castle, while the prosecution of the "Drapier Letters" was still a question of public policy, wrote down the complaining

lines

My very good Dean, there are few who come here But have something to ask, or something to fear. Carteret was always able to hold his own with Swift. Conversing with him once on a political action disapproved by Swift, Carteret replied to Swift's objections with such power that Swift broke out into passionate abuse which conveyed high praise: "What the vengeance brought you among us? Get you back

get you back; pray God Almighty send us over boobies again!" On another occasion, Swift, whose estimate of the Irish people was a very contemptuous one, wrote that Carteret ought to be the governor of a wiser nation than Ireland; for a fool would be the fit manager of fools. Thus the two men thoroughly understood each other, and acted with very characteristic frankness. "When people ask me," wrote Carteret to the Dean, how governed Ireland, I say that I pleased Dean Swift. Quæsitam meritis sume superbiam."

Lord Carteret remained in Ireland till 1730. George the First died in 1727, and was succeeded by his son, with whom he had always been at feud. George the Second was one of the most extraordinary characters described in the memoirs of his time. Even Dr. Johnson, that champion of monarchy, had not a good word to say

No. Charles the Second was not such a man as George the Second. He did not destroy his father's will. He took money indeed from France, but he did not betray those over whom he ruled. He did not let the fleet pass ours. George the First knew nothing, and desired to do nothing; and the only good thing told of him was that he wished to restore the He roared throne to its hereditary successor. with prodigious violence against George the Second. When he ceased, Moody interjected, in an Irish tone with a comic look, "Poor George the Second!"

The good doctor would have roared louder if he had ever read the wonderful analysis of King George's character_by the master hand of Lord Hervey. The Lord Guelphs were a quarrelsome race. Carteret said of them: "This family always have quarrelled, and always will quarrel, from generation to generation." They were proficients in will-burning. George the First had burned two wills made in favor of his son by his mother ascending the throne, returned the comand grandfather; George the Second, on pliment by burning his father's will, as Thackeray writes, under the astonished nose of the Archbishop of Canterbury. George, with his red face and staring eyes, fancied himself an Adonis and a Don

Juan. Charles the Second was profligate, but he had some excuse in having married a Portuguese princess whom he had never seen, and when she arrived she appeared to him the image of a "bat." She was hideous, but the good-natured king mar

ried her.

Henry the Eighth, who was taken in by Holbein's portrait of Anne of Cleves, on beholding her pronounced her a great Flanders mare, and soon sent his fifth wife packing. George the Second had no excuse for his shameful immorality, for he had married Caroline of Anspach, the most beautiful and clever princess in Europe, who was devoted to him. Yet he made her the confidant of his amours, and actually requested her to assist in the prosecution of them. Mrs. Howard, of the queen's household, was his mistress, but this did not prevent him from making love to the beautiful maid of honor, Mary Bellenden, who treated him with contempt, crossed her arms, and told him to count his money elsewhere. He got tired of the "good Howard," as the queen called her, and complained bitterly that the

The only time Caroline ever showed her real feeling was on her death-bed, when, on advising him to marry again, he said, "Non, j'aurai des maîtresses." Caroline bitterly answered, “Ah! mon Dieu, cela n'empêche pas."

queen would not let him get rid of the | admired his wife more than any other
"deaf, tiresome old woman." Caroline woman. "He never saw a woman worthy
very well knew if the Howard departed he to buckle her shoe," and requested that
would soon seek consolation elsewhere. his remains should be buried with her.
At last he got rid of Lady Suffolk, and on One side of each coffin was withdrawn,
arriving in Hanover, fell in love with the and so they rest in Westminster Abbey.
Countess Walmoden. He gave the queen
a detailed account of the whole affair.
He drew such a minute description of the
countess's person, "that had the queen
been a painter she might have drawn her
rival's picture at six hundred miles dis-
tance, and narrated how he had bought Sir Robert Walpole, who had governed
this treasure from her husband for a thou- the king through the queen, had now to
sand ducats. "You must love the Wal- seek for another woman to perform the
moden," he wrote to her, "for she loves same part. The Duke of Grafton and
me. The letters about the Walmoden Newcastle proposed that the Princess
consisted of sixty pages, and in one of them Emily should guide him, but Sir Robert
he consulted the queen about a suspicious would have nothing to do with the daugh-
ladder having been found under her win-ters. "I'll bring Madame Walmoden over,
dow, and asked her to consult Sir Robert
Walpole about it.

I'll have nothing to do with your girls. I was for the wife against the mistress, I am now for the mistress against the daughAmong many extraordinary things and exUntil the Walmoden came over, pressions these letters contained, there was ters." one in which he desired the Queen to contrive, the frail Lady Deloraine might comfort if she could, that the Prince of Modena, who the king (saying in his polite style that was to come the latter end of the year to En-"people must wear old gloves till they gland, might bring his wife with him; and the could get new ones"); so the Walmoden reason he gave for it was, that he had heard came over, and was created Countess of Her Highness was pretty free of her person, Yarmouth. and that he had the greatest inclination imaginable to pay his addresses to a daughter of the late Regent of France, the Duke of Or Jeans, un plaisir" (for he always wrote in French) "que je suis sûr, ma chère Caroline, vous serez bien aise de me procurer, quand je vous dis combien je le souhaite."

Such a request to his wife respecting a woman he never saw, and during his connection with Madame Walmoden, speaks much stronger in a bare narrative of the fact than by any comment or reflections; and is as incapable of being heightened as difficult to be

credited.

Hanover in order to enjoy her society that The king had once stayed so long in his subjects got very discontented, and the following advertisement was posted on the gate of St. James's Palace :

who has left a wife and six children on the Lost or strayed out of the house, a man parish; whoever will give any tidings of him to the Church Wardens of St. James's Parish, so as he may be got again, shall receive FOUR This will not be increased, nobody judging SHILLINGS AND SIXPENCE. N.B. –

him to be worth a CROWN.

Queen Caroline's conduct was highly approved by Blackbourne, Archbishop of At last he sailed for England, but enYork, who told her that he had been talk-countered such a storm that he was obliged ing to the minister about the new mistress, to return to port. He talked of the temand was glad to find that her Majesty was pest, and his bravery in it, to the end of so sensible a woman as to like her husband his life. should divert himself. How different was the conduct of Ken, who refused to countenance the vices of Charles the Second, when in residence at Winchester! and it must be added that the merry monarch honored Dr. Ken for his conduct, and he was promoted to the bishopric of Bath and Wells.

The king had not the slightest sense of shame, nobody told him or preached to him that he was leading an immoral life. He regarded himself as a model husband, and the extraordinary thing is that he

He hated books, and the sight of one in a drawing-room was as a red flag to a bull. The saying "I hate boets and bainters too" is well known. When he went to see Garrick in "Richard the Third" he paid no attention to him, but was delighted with the lord mayor. "When," he asked, "is the lord mayor coming on again?"

According to Lord Hervey he bored his daughters terribly, and they were not slow in giving signs of their dissatisfaction. When the queen was in her last illness

At

the Cabinet Councils with reading her letters to them. Last night they were married, and as all he does must have a particular air in it, they supped at Lord Pomfret's. twelve, Lady Granville, his mother, and all his family went to bed, but the porter: then my lord went home, and waited for her in the lodge; she came alone in a hackney-chair, met him in the hall, and was led up the back stairs.

Horace Walpole is delighted to acquaint Sir Horace Mann, who had admired the fair Lady Sophia at Florence, with all the particulars of this strange affair.

Lord Wilmington was only nominally the | that if she was well he would be so. They
chief minister, as first lord of the treasury. corresponded every day, and he used to plague
The genial Lord Carteret soon removed
the prejudices of the king, and became a
great favorite. He went with him to
Hanover, and was present at the battle
of Dettingen, where the king so distin-
guished himself. Lady Carteret accom-
panied him, to die there, during the ab-
sence of her lord, who was in attendance
on the king. A year afterwards he mar-
ried again, to the great surprise of his
friends and the amusement of his enemies.
Horace Walpole was very bitter against
the enemies of his father, but he relaxed
in his animosity, when he speaks of Lord
Carteret. There is a delightful account
in his memoirs of the beautiful Lady
Sophia Fermor. He had admired her at
Florence, where she was the cynosure of
every eye. Horace writes to his friend
Conway, "Harry, you must come and be
in love with Lady Sophia Fermor; all the
world is, or should be." "Handsomer
than all," he adds, "at a famous London
ball, taking out what men she liked or
thought the best dancers."

Who do you think is going to marry Lady Sophia Fermor? Only my Lord Carteret! this very week!—a drawing-room conquest. Do but imagine how many passions will be gratified in that family! Her own ambition, vanity and resentment-love she never had any; the politics, management, and pedantry of the mother, who will think to govern her son-in-law out of Froissart. Figure the instructions she will give her daughter! Lincoln is quite indifferent, and laughs. My Lord Chesterfield says, "It is only another of Carteret's vigorous measures. I am really glad of it, for her beauty and cleverness did deserve a better fate than she was on the point of having determined for her forever. How graceful, how charming, and how haughtily condescending she will be! How, if Lincoln should ever hint past history, she will

Stare upon the strange man's face

As one she ne'er had known!

Lord Lincoln had dangled after her in Italy, but his uncle, the Duke of Newcastle, had other views for him. Madame de Wendt wrote from Hanover to Lord Tyrawley, "Que pensez-vous de notre cher Milord Carteret, qui s'est consolé si tôt avec une jeune femme de la perte de notre bonne Milady? Ne justifie-t-il pas bien ce qu'a dit quelqu'un, que c'est un objet vivant qui console d'un mort?"

The chief entertainment has been the nuptials of our great Quixote and the fair Sophia. On the point of matrimony she fell ill of a scarlet fever and was given over, while he had the gout, but heroically sent her word

I will not fail to make your compliments to the Pomfrets and Carterets; I see them seldom, but I am in favor; so I conclude, for my Lady Pomfret told me the other night that I said better things than anybody. was with them at a subscription ball at Ranelagh last week, which my Lady Carteret thought proper to look upon as given to her, and thanked the gentlemen, who were not quite so well pleased at her condescending to take it to herself. My Lord stayed with her there till four in the morning. They are all fondness-walk together and stop every five minutes to kiss.

The ball was on an excessively hot night; yet she was dressed in a magnificent brocade, because it was new that morning for the inauguration day. I did the honors of all her dress: "How charming your ladyship's cross is! I am sure the design was your own!"' "No, indeed, my Lord sent it me just as it is." "How fine your ear-rings are! "Oh! but they are very heavy.' "" Then as much to the mother. Do you wonder I say better things than anybody?.

...

days men marry at seventy, and nobody is surprised, or writes epigrams. We have heard that at Bournemouth we suppose

The life which others pay, let as bestow, And give to fame what we to nature owe. His lordship repeated the last word several owing to the friskiness of the air-digni- times with a calm and determined resignation; fied ecclesiastics of eighty proudly lead and after a serious pause of some minutes, he up young and blushing Brides to the altar. desired to hear the treaty read, to which he Lady Sophia died in her first confine-spirits enough to declare the approbation of a listened with great attention, and recovered ment, leaving a daughter who was mar- dying statesman (I use his own words) 'on ried to Lord Shelburne. Owing to the the most glorious war and most honorable intrigues of the Duke of Newcastle and peace this nation ever saw. Mr. Pelham, Lord Carteret, now Lord Granville, had to resign his office. But in June, 1751, he again became a colleague of the duke, becoming president of the Council, an office he retained to his death. The Duke of Newcastle, in a fright, once offered to give up his office of first lord of the treasury to Carteret. "No," said the lord president, "I'd rather be hanged a little before taking your place, than hanged a little after." He had immense influence in the Cabinet with respect to foreign affairs, and when Pitt took office his advice and influence still prevailed. When Pitt left the Cabinet because it was too peaceful, Lord Granville remained, and was the chief instrument in forwarding the glorious peace of 1763.

Robert Wood, author of an essay on "The
Original Genius of Homer," which interested
Goethe in his younger days, was Under-Secre-
tary of State in the closing period of the Seven
Years' War, and frequently had interviews on
business with Granville. 66
The occasions
were few," says Wood, on which Granville,
after giving his commands on State affairs,
did not turn the conversation to Greece and
Homer."
A few days before Granville died,
Wood was ordered to wait upon him with the
preliminary articles of the Peace of Paris.
"I found him," writes Wood in the introduc
tion to his essay, "so languid that I proposed
postponing my business for another time; but
he insisted that I should stay, saying it could
not prolong his life to neglect his duty; and
repeating the following passage out of Sarpe-
don's speech, he dwelled with particular
emphasis on the third line, which recalled to
his mind the distinguished part he had taken
in public affairs:

Could all our care elude the gloomy grave
Which claims no less the fearful than the brave,
For lust of fame I should not vainly dare
In fighting fields, nor urge thy soul to war:
But since, alas! ignoble age must come,
Disease, and death's inexorable doom;

We have given the translation by Pope instead of the original Greek, but the following prose rendering

by Mr. Ballantyne gives us the last word:

my

"For if, escaping the present combat, we might be forever undecaying and immortal, neither would I self fight among the foremost nor would I urge you on to the glorious battle; but now - for a thousand fates of death stand close to us always, and no mortal can escape or evade them-let us go.' Iouev, "Let us go, was the word repeated by Lord Carteret.

Mr. Matthew Arnold quotes this episode of Lord Granville's life as exhibiting the English aristocracy at its very height of culture, lofty spirit, and greatness. It was the glorious end of a grand career. He had much in common with Pitt, but he was far superior in abilities. We have seen an unpublished letter of Lord George Germaine, a shrewd observer, which

stated that Pitt had neither wisdom or in-
telligence; but by energy alone he became
the greatest of war ministers. It has been
said that all his knowledge of history was
taken from the plays of Shakespeare.
Chief Justice Willes went once to Lord
Carteret for help to make his friend Clive
a king's counsel. Carteret answered:
"What is it to me who is a judge or who
is a bishop? It is my business to make
kings and emperors, and to maintain the
chief justice, "those who want to be bish-
balance of Europe.' "Then," said the
ops and judges will go elsewhere." They
did go
elsewhere. Pitt had the same lofty
contempt for patronage, and so the job-
bing Duke of Newcastle's levée was well
attended by lawyers and ecclesiastics who
wanted to be bishops and judges.

Lord Carteret's assistance, when presi dent of the Council, to Pitt during the Seven Years' War was invaluable, for no one knew so well the characters of the princes and statesmen of the Continent. Pitt, when Lord Chatham, acknowledged this in a speech made in the year 1770, when he spoke of Lord Carteret as "that great man," and added, "I feel a pride in declaring that to his patronage, to his friendship and instruction, I owe whatever I am." They were two of the greatest statesmen England ever possessed. They thought not of themselves but their country. To use the language of Macaulay, they loved England as an Athenian loved the city of the violet crown, as a Roman loved the city of the seven hills.

We must write a few words about Lord Carteret's temper, which was unexampled in its serenity. We had always thought the Duke of Marlborough's temper mar vellous, but Lord Carteret surpassed him.