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IRELAND.—IMPOrt and Export OF GRAIN.-In the year 1854 there were imported into Ireland, either as grain or meal, the following number of quarters:--

Wheat

From

From Great Britain. 212,520

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Foreign Countries.

497,100

27,081

20,935

9,225

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In the same period Ireland exported to Great Britain a total of 2,073, 180 quarters of grain and meal, of which 1,818,169 quarters were of oats.

Hops. In 1854 the number of acres under cultivation for hops was 53,823, all in England, as there were none grown in Scotland, and the hop duty does not extend to Ireland. The total amount of duty was 86,4227. 14s.; an average of 1. 12s. 1d. per acre. The number of pounds weight charged with duty was 9,877, 126, and there were 102,736 cwt. 3 qrs. of foreign hops charged with duties for home consumption. In the year, 585,168 lbs. of British hops were exported, and 119,677 cwts. of foreign hops were imported, chiefly from the Hanse Towns, Belgium, and the United States of America.

MALT. In the year 1854 there were manufactured, in England, 3,983,641 quarters of malt, in Scotland 426, 620 quarters, and in Ireland 192,184 quarters. In the year, 552,972 quarters of foreign barley had been imported.

In the year ending July 5, 1854, the total quantity of malt charged with duty in the United Kingdom was 4,938,902 quarters; in the year ending July 5, 1855, it was 4,549.832 quarters, of which 3,957,535 were charged in England, 408,512 in Scotland, and 183,785 in Ireland.

GUANO. In 1854 there were imported 235,111 tons of Guano; in 1853 the quantity was 123,166 tons.

COTTON.-The total quantity of RAW COTTON imported into the United Kingdom in 1854 was 887,335,904 lbs. Of this 722,154,101 lbs. were from the United States, 19,703,600 lbs. from Brazil, 23,503,003 lbs. from the shores of the Mediterranean, 119,836,009 lbs. from British Possessions in the East Indies, 409,119 lbs. from British West Indies and Guyana, and 1,730,081 lbs. from other countries. One-sixth of our consumption is now produced by British Possessions.

WOOL.-The total quantities of SHEEP and ALPACA WOOL imported into the United Kingdom in 1854 was 106,121,995 lbs. Of this 424,300 lbs. came from Spain, 11,448,518 lbs. from Germany, 14,481,483 lbs. from other European countries, 8,223,598 lbs. from British Possessions in South Africa, 14,965,191 lbs. from British Possessions in the East Indies, 47,489,650 lbs. from Australia, 6,134,334 lbs. from South America, and 2,954,921 lbs. from various other countries. Three-fifths of

the quantity consumed being the production of British Possessions. Of this there were re-exported 25,509,263 lbs. Of Goats' Hair there were imported 1,335,319 lbs., and 107,169 lbs. were re-exported. Of Woollen Manufactures the value exported was 9,120,759., and of Woollen Yarn 1,557,6127.

TALLOW.-In the year 1854 there were imported 754,359 cwts., of which 58,564 cwts. came from the northern ports of Russia, and 253,955 cwts. from Prussia. In 1853 the total quantity imported was 1,175,754 cwts., of which 824,853 cwts. came from Russia, and 54 cwts. only from Prussia.

HEMP. The importation in 1854 amounted to 1,211,297 cwts. Russia falls from 813,188 cwts. in 1853 to 20,546 in 1854, and Prussia rises from 3,447 to 366,320 cwts.

LINSEED and FLAXSEED.-The total amount imported in 1854 was 827,714 qrs. The importations from the northern ports of Russia fell from 378,320 qrs. in 1853 to 26,460 qrs. in 1854; but from Russian ports in the Black Sea the reduction was only from 386,699 qrs. to 321,927 qrs.

FLAX. The importation of Flax, dressed and undressed, in 1853 was 1,883,374 cwts. ; in 1854 it amounted only to 1,303,235 cwts. From Russia the decline was from 1,287,983 cwts. to 185,798 cwts., while Prussia increased only from 242,383 cwts. to 667,879 cwts.

TAR.-In 1854 the importation of Tar amounted to 12, 144 lasts against 14,506 lasts in 1853.

WOOD and TIMBER.-Of deals, battens, boards, &c. sawn or split, there were imported, in 1854, 1,266,941 loads. The supply from Russia decreased from 255,855 in 1853 to 25,749, while the supply from Prussia was something less also. A considerably increased supply came in 1854 from the British North American Colonies over that of 1853.

BRITISH SPIRITS.-The total quantity exported in 1853 was 827,912 gallons, of which 603,033 gallons were to British Colonies and Possessions; in 1854 the total quantity exported was 680,564 gallons, of which 473,586 gallons were to British Colonies.

SPIRITS, SCOTLAND.—The total quantity of Foreign Spirits entered for home consumption in Scotland, in 1852-3, was 274,269 gallons; in 1853-4 it was 260,667 gallons; and in 1854-5 it was 228,861 gallons. The British Spirits cleared for home consumption, in 1852-3, was 7,071,564 gallons; in 1853-4 it was 6,843,986 gallons; and in 1854-5 it was 5,909,790 gallons.

BRITISH, FOREIGN, and COLONIAL SPIRITS.-The total quantity charged with duty for home consumption in 1854 was 31,011,727 gallons. Of this quantity 25,883,584 gallons were British; 10,889,611 charged in England, 6,553,239 in Scotland, and 8,440,734 in Ireland; 1,901,549 gallons were foreign, and 3,226,594 colonial. The total amount of duty paid on British Spirits was 7,660,7787.

Imported from—

FOREIGN WINE Imported, Exported, and Retained for Home Consumption, in the Year ended Jan. 5, 1855.

British Possessions in

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FOREIGN, COLONIAL, and CHANNEL ISLAND SPIRITS Imported, Exported, Retained for Home Consumption, &c., in the Year ended Jan. 5, 1855.

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* This is part of the stock imported previous to the Act placing those places under the Excise Act 8 and 9 Vict. cap. 55.

PAPER.-The quantity of Paper charged with duty in 1854 was 177,896,224 lbs., of which 16,112,020 lbs. were exported. In 1840 there were 97,237,358 lbs. charged with duty, and 5,058,727 lbs. exported.

CONSULS.-The following is a summary of the number of Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents, in the various States enumerated.

The salaries, where given, vary from 1.8007. per annum to 50l., but many seem unpaid, even by fees; and it is not stated whether the fees are in addition to the salaries. Of the total number, 529, there are 159 foreigners.

Sweden, 21; Norway, 22; Denmark, 14; Prussia, 8; Hanse Towns, 11; Saxony, 1; Frankfort, 2; Netherlands, 15; Belgium, 4; France, 45; Spain, 63; Portugal, 30; Switzerland, 1; Sardinia, 17; Tuscany, 3; Roman States, 7; Two Sicilies, 30; Austria, 4; Greece, 13; Turkey, 62; Egypt, 8; Tripoli, 7; Tunis, 5; Morocco, 8; Persia, 2; Abyssinia, 1; Muscat, 1; United States, 25; Mexico, 9; Guatemala, 6; Mosquito, 1; Hayti, 5; San Domingo, 3; Venezuela, 5; New Granada, 10; Ecuador, 2; Peru, 5; Bolivia, 1; Chili, 6; Buenos Ayres, 3; Monte Video, 2; Paraguay, 1; Brazil, 17; Sandwich Islands, 1; Georgian Islands, 1; Society Islands, 1; Navigator's Islands, 1; Sarawak, 1; Comoro Islands, 1; Sherbro River, 2; Bight of Benin, 2; Bight of Biafra, 1; Liberia, 1; China, 10.

BREWERS AND PUBLICANS.-On October 10, 1854, there were in England 2,406 LICENSED BREWERS, in Scotland 124, and in Ireland 101; a total of 2,631. There were 61,736 LICENSED VICTUALLERS in England, 13,667 in Scotland, and 15,667 in Ireland; total, 91,070. Of LICENSED BEERSELLERS there were 44,237, of whom 3,088 were not licensed to allow of drinking on the premises. There were in England 40,082 Victuallers and Beersellers who brewed their own beer; in Scotland there were 160, in Ireland none. The total quantity of Malt used for brewing was 4,042,013 quarters.

IV.-Crime, Police, and Law.

CONVICT PRISONS.-The Annual Report for 1854 states, that in the Pentonville Prison there were 489 prisoners at the end of 1853; and that 436 were admitted in 1854: of these, 194 were transported to Portland prison, 120 to Portsmouth prison, 20 to Dartmoor, 2 to the Stirling Castle hulk, 1 to Bethlem, insane; 1 was pardoned free, and 3 conditionally; 1 discharged on medical grounds, and 37 on licence; 9 had died, one being a suicide; and on Dec. 31, 1854, there were 538 remaining. The total cost, exclusive of the building, was 16,973l., reduced by the value of productive labour and sundry receipts to 15,7751. The total earnings of the convicts was 2,854l., but the salaries and wages for the labour department amounts to 1,7001. The salaries, rations, and clothing for the officers of the establishment, are 6,5601., or close upon two-fifths of the whole cost. The report is on the whole satisfactory as to the improvement wrought on the minds and effected in the conduct of the prisoners. In the year, 263 out of the total number of 925 had been punished, but 149 were for disobedience, idleness, &c., and 83 for noisy and refractory behaviour. Some, however, appear untameable; five were punished 14, 16, 17, 23, and 24 times, but only one corporal punishment was inflicted. Of the 436 admitted in the year 3 were under 17 years of age, 243 were between 17 and 25, and 130 between 25 and 35; 52 were between 35 and 50, 6 between 50 and 55, and 2 between 55 and 60.

At Parkhurst Prison the number of prisoners received during the year was, from Millbank prison, 49; from Dorchester barracks, 70; re-committed, 2, by their licences having been revoked; and 616 were in the prison at the close of 1854; making a total of 737. Of these, 2 were discharged at the end of their sentences, 157 were liberated on licence, 40 were transported to other prisons, 2 died, and 536 remained on Dec. 31, 1854. The total cost amounted to 16,6231., reduced by

productive labour and sundry receipts to 14,277. The salaries, rations, and clothing of the officers amounted to 6,163l., or nearly three-eighths. The report is favourable; and though there are many difficulties in the exercise of the licence system, and very sanguine results are not held out, it is shown to have operated beneficially in the majority of cases. The Millbank Prison Report states the number of male prisoners on Jan. 1, 1854, to have been 948, and it received 1,513 in the course of the year. These have been disposed of as follows:-49 to Parkhurst prison, 196 to Pentonville, 6 to the Philanthropic Asylum, 1,095 to various public works, 51 died, 10 were transferred to a lunatic asylum, 3 were pardoned free, 73 licensed, and 1 conditionally pardoned; 280 were removed as invalids, and 697 remained on Dec. 31. The total expense was 40,285., reduced by labour and other receipts to 32,2881. The cost of the officials was 15,470l., or more than three-eighths. Of the prisoners received, 6 were under 12 years of age, 22 between 12 and 14, 195 between 14 and 17, 383 between 17 and 21, 453 between 21 and 30, and 457 above 30. The gross total of punishments was 1,448, 396 of which were admonitions, 344 the deprivation of a meal, and 543 bread-and-water diet, in no case for more than three days. The Medical Report states that "two of the chief conditions of health have been deficient at Millbank-purity and comparative dryness of the atmosphere, and purity of the water used for cooking and drinking.' The water from the Thames it was found impossible to purify, and therefore it is now conveyed from the artesian well at Trafalgar-square, with apparently good effect, as the health of the prisoners has been better, but the time had been too short to show any decisive result.

At Portland Prison, on Jan. 1, 1854, there were 1,312 prisoners, and 665 were received during the year. Of these, 118 were removed to Western Australia, Gibraltar, and other prisons; 4 received free and 1 a conditional pardon; 326 were liberated on licence, 5 on medical grounds, of 2 the sentence expired; 1 escaped, 8 died, and 1,512 remained at the end of the year. The prisoners here are employed in quarrying, on the fortifications, and on the prison buildings, and the value of their labour is calculated at 42,8317., while the total cost is but 48,8331.; the salaries, &c., of the officers being 14,883., or threesevenths of the whole. The report of the conduct of the prisoners is satisfactory, and accounts are given of a considerable number of the ticket-of-leave men, showing that they are now living honestly. In the year, 11,772 letters had been written by prisoners to their friends.

At Dartmoor, at the end of 1853, there were 1,128 prisoners, and 448 were received in 1854. Of the total, 80 were sent to public works at Western Australia or Gibraltar, 16 transferred to other prisons, 3 to a lunatic asylum, 1 pardoned, 396 discharged on licence, on completion of sentence, 5 escaped, 31 died, and 1,053 remained. The total cost was 39,0977., less 1,591., the amount of productive labour and sundry receipts. The value of the handicraft-work is set down at 1,7621.; of artificers, at 1,4721. The value of the farm-work is set down at 3,064., the value of farm produce at 2,045l. The salaries, &c., of the officers is 13,1617., or more than one-third. The report of the prisoners' conduct is good, and some details are given as to ticket-of-leave men, which are satisfactory.

At Portsmouth Prison, 545 prisoners were received during 1854, and 294 were in confinement at the commencement of the year. Of the whole, 65 were sent to public works in Western Australia and Gibraltar, 112 were transferred to other prisons, 264 discharged on licence, 6 died, and 1,022 remained on Dec. 31. The prisoners are here emloyed in the dockyard, &c., and the value of their labour is estimated

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