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UNIVERSAL

BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY,

CONTAINING

THE LIVES OF THE MOST CELEBRATED CHARACTERS OF

Every Age and Nation,

EMBRACING WARRIORS, HEROES, POETS, PHILOSOPHERS, HISTORIANS, POLITICIANS, STATESMEN,
LAWYERS, PHYSICIANS, DIVINES, DISCOVERERS, INVENTORS, AND GENERALLY, ALL SUCH
INDIVIDUALS, AS FROM THE EARLIEST PERIODS OF HISTORY TO THE PRESENT
TIME, HAVE BEEN DISTINGUISHED AMONG MANKIND;

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HARVARD
UNIVERSITY
LINGORY
FEB 13 1962

ADVERTISEMENT.

This work embraces every article in Lempriere, generally in an abridged form; it also contains many of the articles found in the Biographical works of Jones, Watkins, Allen, &c. not included in Lempriere; besides a few original notices, prepared for this work, and to be found in no other. The number of articles are, therefore, believed to be greater than in any other Biographical Dictionary, and though in most instances they are necessarily very concise, yet it has been the aim of the compilers to give ample details when the characters are particularly conspicuous, and in other cases, to embrace in few words the leading points of interest.

It is acknowledged with pleasure, that great assistance has been derived, in the compilation, from Mr. E. Lord's correct and enlarged edition of Lempriere, lately published in New-York-a work which has laid the public un der many obligations; particularly for the new matter which it brings forward. The excellent work of Allen has also been of great use in forming the present a idgment.

T. K. & P. G. COLLINS, PRINTERS, PHILA.

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BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY.

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AA, Peter Vander, a bookseller of Leyden, who published a work in 66 vols. folio, entitled Galerie du Monde, &c. was living in 1729. AAGARD, Nicholas and Christian, brothers, born at Wiburg, in Denmark, the eldest, distinguished for the acuteness of his philosophical writings, died 1657; the other known for his poetical talents, died 1664.

AALAM, an astrologer of the ninth century, at the court of Adado Daula.

AALST, Everard, a dutch painter, whose pieces were highly valued, was born at Delft, 1602, and died in 1658.

AARON, elder brother of Moses, of the tribe of Levi, born A. M. 2434; he was the friend and the assistant of Moses, was happily gifted with the powers of eloquence, and became the first high-priest among the Hebrews. He died in his 123d year.

AARON, Raschid, a caliph of the Abassides, distinguished by his conquests and the eccentricity of his character, died A. D. 809, in the 23d year of his reign.

AARON, Schascof, a rabbi of Thessalonica, celebrated for his writings.

AARON, a British saint, put to death with his brother Julius, during Dioclescian's persecution of the Christians.

AARON, a presbyter and physician of Alexandria, in the eighth century; he wrote 30 books on medicine in the Syriac language, and is the first author who makes mention of the small pox and meazles, diseases which were introduced into Egypt from Arabia, about 640.

AARON, Hariscon, a Caraite rabbi who was known as physician at Constantinople in 1294; and wrote a learned commentary on the penta-|| teuch, Hebrew grammar, &c.

AARON, Hacharoh or Posterior, another learned Rabbi, born in 1346; he wrote on the law of Moses, the customs of his nation, and a treatise entitled the Garden of Eden.

AARON, Isaac, an interpreter of languages at Constantinople under the Comeni.

AARON, Ben Chaim, the chief of the Jewish|| Synagogue, at Fez and Morocco, in the beginning of the 17th century; he wrote commentaties on Joshua, the Law, the Prophets, &c.

AARON, Ba-aser, a learned rabbi in the 5th century, to whom the invention of the Hebrew points and accents is attributed; he wrote a Hebrew grammar, printed 1515.

AARON, a Levite of Barcelona, wrote 613 precepts on Moses, printed at Venice, 1523; he died 1292.

AB

left behind him very accurate and judicious memoirs of all the embassies in which he was employed.

AARSENS, or AERSENS, Peter, called by the Italians Pietro Longo, from his tallness, a celebrated painter, born at Amsterdam in 1519 He excelled very particularly in painting a kitchen; but an altarpiece of his, viz. a crucifix. representing an executioner breaking with an iron bar the legs of the thieves, &c. was prodigiously admired. This noble piece was destroyed by the rabble in the time of the insurrection, 1566. He afterwards complained of this to the populace in terms of such severity, that more than once they were going to murder him. He died in 1585.

AARTGEN, or AERTGEN, a painter of merit, born at Leyden in 1498. It was a custom with this painter never to work on Mondays, but to devote that day with his disciples to the bottle. He used to stroll about the streets in the night, playing on the German flute; and in one of these frolics was drowned in 1564.

ABA, brother-in-law to Stephen, the first Christian king of Hungary; disgraced himself by his cruelties; was conquered in battle by the Emperor Henry III.; and was sacrificed to the resentment of his offended subjects. 1044.

ABAFFI, Michael, son of a magistrate of Hermanstad, rose by his abilities and intrigues, to the sovereignty of Transylvania, in 1661.

ABACA, or ABAKA, a king of Tartary, conquered Persia, and proved a powerful and formidable neighbour to the Christians at Jerusalem, died 1282.

ABANO, vid. Apono.

ABARIS, a Scythian philosopher, the history of whose adventures, mentioned by Herodotus and others, appears more fabulous than authentic.

ABAS, Schah, seventh king of Persia, was brave and active; he took conjointly with the English forces, 1622, the Island of Ormus, which had been in the possession of the Portuguese 122 years; he died 1629 in the 44th year of his reign.

ABAS, Schah, the great grandson of the preceding, succeeded his father in 1642, in his 13th year; he patronised the Christians, and was distinguished for his benevolence and liberality; he died Sept. 25, 1666.

ABASSA, an officer who revolted against Mustapha I. emperor of the Turks, and afterwards was employed against the Poles, 1634, at the head of 60,000 men. The cowardice of his troops robbed him of a victory, and he was strangled by order of the Sultan.

AARSENS, Francis, lord of Someldyck and Spyck, one of the greatest ministers for negotia- ABASSA, a sister of Aaron Raschid, whose tion that the United Provinces of Holland have hand was bestowed by her brother on Giafer; at any time possessed. He was the first person her husband was sacrificed by the tyrant, and ever recognised as Dutch ambassador by the she was reduced to poverty. French court: the first of three extraordinary ABASSON, an impostor, who, under the ambassadors sent to England in 1620; and the character of the grandson of Abas the great, obsecond in 1641, who were to treat about the mar-tained the patronage of the court of France and riage of prince William, son to the prince of of the grand seignior, by whose order he was at Orange. Aarsens died at an advanced age; helllast beheaded.

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