he was distinguished as a Grecian scholar; he died in 1599.

LIVIUS, Andronicus, a Roman comic poet, whose plays are lost. He lived 240 B. C.

LIVIUS, Titus, the best of the Roman historians, born at Padua, 59 B. C. The history of Livy, like other great works of antiquity, is transmitted down to us exceedingly mutilated and imperfect. Its books were originally 142, of which only 35 are extant. It commenced with the foundation of Rome, and concluded about 13 B. C. The encomiums bestowed upon Livy, by both ancients and moderns, are great and numerous; but probity, candour, and impartiality, are what have most particularly distinguished him above all historians. He died A. D. 17.

LLOYD, William, an English prelate, successively, king's chaplain, prebend of Salisbury, vicar of St. Mary's, dean of Bangor, prebend of St. Paul's, and bishop of St. Asaph. He was a zealous promoter of the revolution. His publications were numerous; he died in 1717.

monk, eminently known by his works: "The History of Britany," 2 vols. folio, "The Conquest of Spain," "History of Paris," 5 vols, folio, &c.; he died in 1727.

LOBKOWITZ, Boleslaus de Hassenstein, baron de, a Bohemian nobleman, who, after visiting several countries, and making himself famous as a negotiator and warrior, entered the clerical profession; he died in 1510.

LOBO, Jerome, a jesuit, of Lisbon, who was sent on a mission to the Indies, and penetrated into Abyssinia, of which he published a very accurate account, and died in 1678.

LOBO, Rodriguez Francis, a celebrated Portuguese poet, whose works were published in 1721.

LOCK, Matthew, an excellent musician, of Exeter, published some musical pieces, in 1657; and after the restoration, was employed as a composer of operas. His vocal music is still greatly esteemed; he died in 1677.

LOCKART, Alexander, author of "Memoirs of Scotland," was born, near Edinburgh, in 1673, and killed in a duel, in 1732.

LLOYD, Nicholas, an English divine, author of "A Historical, Geographical, and Political LOCKE, John, the most celebrated philosoDictionary," in 1670. He was rector cf New-pher of the age he lived in, and one of the Ington, and died in 1680. brightest ornaments of English literature, was LLOYD, Robert, an English poet and mis-born in 1632. By the patronage of lord Shaftscellaneous writer, born in 1733, was a compa- ||bury, he held a respectable situation under gonion of Wilkes, Churchill, Colman, &c., and vernment, and wrote some able political tracts. died in the fleet prison, in 1764. He wrote a His lordship, however, being at length compelpoem called "The Actor;" "The Capricious led to fly to Holland, to avoid being prosecuted Lovers," an opera, and other dramatic pieces. for high treason, Mr. Locke followed him. In LLOYD, Thomas, a native of Wales, joined 1685, the English demanded him of the States the society of quakers, and came to America General, on suspicion of his being concernwith William Penn. He was lieutenant go-ed in Monmouth's rebellion. On this, he kept vernor of Pennsylvania, and president of the colonial council. He died in 1694.

LLWELYN AB GRUFYDD, a Welch prince who heroically resisted the invasion of Edward I. of England; but he fell, and the liberty of his country perished with him in 1282.

himself private for several months, and employed the time in preparing for the press tha. work which has immortalized his name and fame, "The Essay on the Human Understanding." It was not published, however, till after the revolution, an event which restored him to his native country. The latter years of his life he devoted chiefly to religious retirement, and to the writing of works on theology, and died a the seat of lady Masham, in 1704.

LLYWARCH AP LLYWELYN, a Welch bard of merit; who flourished from 1170 to 1220. LLYWARCH HEN, a Welch poet, distinguished also as an able defender of his country against the Saxon invasion, in which he is said to have lost 24 sons. He flourished about 630,||guished minister of Massachusetts, was, for and died aged 150. several years, president of Harvard college; he died after 1773.

LLYWELYN AP JORWERTH, king of North Wales. He was a wise, active, and warLike prince; he died in 1240.

LLYWELYN AP SITSYLT, a Welch king of South Wales. He was killed in battie, in 1021.

LLYWELYN VARDD, a Welch poet,some of whose pieces have been preserved. He Jourished between 1130 and 1180.

or

LLYWELYN O LANGEWYDD, LLYWELYN SION, a Welch bard, of Glanorgan, who died in 1616. He often presided at .be meetings of the hards.

LLYWELYN, Thomas, author of a history of the different editions of the Welch Bible, in which he evinced great learning; he died in 1796.

LOCKE, Samuel, D. D., a native and distin

LOCKER, John, an English gentleman, devoted to literary pursuits, and an author of some works; he died in 1760.

LOCKMAN, John, author of " Rosalinda," a musical drama, "David's Lamentations," and other works; he died in 1771.

LOCKWOOD, Samuel, D. D., an American clergyman, settled in Andover, Connecticut, died in 1791.

LOCKYER, Nicholas, Cromwell's chaplain, and author of some theological tracts; he died in 1684.

LODBROG, Regner, a celebrated king of Denmark, at the beginning of the 9th century. He was a warrior and poet, full of fanaticism and religious frenzy.

LOBB, Theophilus, a native of London, an LODGE, Dr. Thomas, an English physician eminent physician. He wrote some theologi- and dramatic writer, died in 1625. We find him cal, and some medical tracts, and died in 1763. characterized, by many of his cotemporary LOBEL, Matthias, a native of Lisle, who de-poets, as a man of very considerable genius. voted himself to the study of botany. After travelling_in_most parts of the continent, he went to England, where he was nominated physician and botanist to James I.; he died in 1616.

LOEWENDAL, Ulric Frederic Woldemar, count de, a native of Hamburgh, distinguished as an officer in the service of Poland, and afterwards of Denmark, against Sweden. He was finally a field-marshal of France, and died in

LOBINEAU, Guy Alexis, a French Benedictine || 1755.

LOGAN, Frederic, baron de, a German poet, LOMBARD, John Lewis, professor of artilof considerable merit, whose Epigrams, &c.lery, at Mentz. He wrote on the movement of have been edited by Lessing; he died in 1655. projectiles, principles of gunnery, &c.; he died LOGAN, John, a Scotch divine and poet, born in 1794.

about 1748, died in London, in 1788. His poems LOMBART, Lambert, an architect and painwere published in 1781; and in 1790, two voter, a native of Liege, died in 1565. lumes of his sermons were printed; for he had obtained much distinction as an eloquent and affecting preacher.

LOGAN, James, a native of Ireland, distinguished for his talents and learning, came to Pennsylvania with the proprietor, in 1699, and held the offices of chief justice of the colony and president of the council. On the death of the governor, in 1736, the administration devolved on him for two years.

LOGAN, an American Indian chief, known for his friendship to the white people, until his family were wantonly murdered by them, in 1774, and afterwards, for the hostility with which he avenged his loss.

LOMENIE, Henry Augustus, count de Brienne, for some time ambassador to England, and secretary of state in the reign of Lewis XIV., of France; he died in 1666.

LOMENIE, Henry Lewis, count de Brienne, son of the preceding, and also his successor in his high offices. But the loss of his wife, whom he tenderly loved, affected his understanding, and he was dismissed; he died in 1698.

LOMENIE DE RRIENNE, Stephen Charles de, of the same family, was made archbishop of Toulouse, and afterwards cardinal, and prime-minister of Lewis XVI.; but his abilities were below his high station, which he quitted, after having disgraced Calonne; he died in LOMONOZOF, a celebrated Russian poet, and great refiner of his native tongue, born in 1711, died in 1764. The odes of Lomonozof are greatLOHENSTEIN, Daniel Gaspard de, a learn-ly admired for originality of invention, subli

LOGES, Mary Bruneau, a French lady, much admired for her wit and genius, particularly by||1798. the king of Sweden, and the duke of Orleans, and called the tenth muse. She has left none of her poetry behind her.

ed German, who wrote some dramatic pieces, and other works; he died in 1683.

LOIR, Nicholas, a painter, born at Paris, the disciple of Le Brun. He died professor of the academy of painting.

LOKMAN, surnamed the Wise, sometimes called Abre Anam, or father of Anam, a philosopher and fabulist of great account among the Easterns. Being once asked how he had attained so exalted a pitch of wisdom and virtue, Lokman replied, "It was by always speaking the truth, by keeping my word inviolably, and by never intermeddling in affairs that did not

concern me.'

LOLLARD, Walter, founder of the religious sect called Lollards, who denied the power and influence of the virgin Mary over Christ; taught that the mass, baptism, and extreme unction, were of no use or avail; rejected the form of the penitential, and renounced all obedience both to the ecclesiastical and civil magistrates. He was burnt for heresy at Cologne, in 1322.

mity of sentiment, and energy of language. He is in fact the Pindar of Russia. Lomonozof made also no inconsiderable figure in history, having published two works relative to that of his own country.

LONDE, Francis Richard de la, a French poet, of considerable merit, who also wrote on history, morals, and antiquities; he died in 1765.

LONDON, John Campbell, earl and baron of, was commander-in-chief of the British forces in America, and governor of the colony of Virginia.

LONG, Edward, a judge of the vice-admiralty court, in the West Indies, and author of a History of Jamaica, &c.; he died in England, in 1813.

LONG, James le, a priest of the oratory, born at Paris. He was professor at several universities, and was well skilled in ancient and modern languages, and in mathematics and philosophy; he died in 1721.

LOLME, John Lewis de, LL. D., a native of LONG, Thomas, an able divine, born at ExeGeneva, in which country he practised as an ter He was author of the history of the Donaadvocate till he went to England, where he pub-tists, Examination of Hales' Treatise on Schism, lished, in 1775, a celebrated treatise, "On the &c.; he died in 1700.

Constitution of England;" a work well known LONG, Dr. Roger, a very eminent astrono and justly esteemed. Junius recommended itmer, and author of an excellent treatise on that to the public, as deep, solid, and ingenious; and science. He erected in one of the rooms of in the British senate it was honoured with the Pembroke college, of which he was master, a applause of a Camden and a Chatham. He sphere of eighteen feet diameter, elevated to published, besides, a "History of the Flagel- the latitude of Cambridge, wherein thirty perlants, or Memorials of Human Superstition, im-sons might sit conveniently: it is turned with itated from the Abbe Boileau." Dr. De Lolme, great ease by a small winch, though the whole died in Switzerland, in 1807. weight is above 1000 lbs. He was born in Norfolk, in 1679, and died in 1770.

LOM, Jossu Van, a physician, who practised at Tournay and Bruges. His works on medical subjects, written in elegant Latin, were published in 3 vols. Amsterdam, 1745.

LOMAZZO, John Paul, a native of Milan, known as a landscape, and portrait painter. He wrote a treatise on painting, in Italian, and died in 1598.

LOMBARD, Peter, well known by the title of master of the sentences, from a work of his, which is looked on as the source and origin of Ene scholastic theology in the Latin church. He was born at Novara, in Lombardy, and died in 1164.

LONGBEARD, William, a facetious priest, notorious for raising seditions in London, in the reign of Richard I. He was torn to pieces by horses, and then hung upon a gallows.

LONGEPIERE, Hilary Bernard de, a learned Frenchman, born at Dijon. He translated into verse, Anacreon, Theocritus, Sappho, &c., and was the author of some tragedies. He died in 1727.

LONGINUS, Dionysius, a Grecian philosopher and orator, author of a "Treatise on the Sublime," which raised his reputation to such a height as no critic, either before or since could

ever reach. His cotemporaries had so great an opinion of his judgment and taste, that they appointed him sovereign judge of all authors; and every thing was received or rejected by the public according to the decision of Longinus. Ile was put to death by Aurelian, in 273.

LONGLAND, or LANGELAND, Robert, an English poet, born in Shropshire. His "Vision of Pierce Plowinan," abounds with severe reflections on the Romish clergy, and exhibits a curious picture of the times. It was finished in 1369.

LONGLAND, John, an Englishman, made dean of Salisbury, in 1514, and seven years af ter bishop of Lincoln: his works appeared in folio, in 1532. He died in 1547.

LÖNGOMONTANUS, Christian, an eminent astronomer, born in Denmark, in 1562, died in 1647. He was author of several works, which show great capacity in mathematics and astronomy; but his "Astronomia Danica" is the most distinguished.

LONGUEIL, Gilbert de, a learned physician, of Utrecht, author of Remarks on Plautus, Ovid, Nepos, a Dialogue on Birds, with their Greek, Latin, and German names, and a Greek and Latin Lexicon; he died in 1543.

LONGUEIL, Christopher de, an able French scholar, highly favoured by Lewis XII., and by pope Leo X., who engaged him to write against Luther; he died in 1522.

LONGUERUE, Louis Dufour de, a French critic and theological writer, born in 1652, died in 1732.

LONGUEVAL, James, a French jesuit, who wrote a History of the French Church, in 10 vols. Dissertation on Miracles, &c.; he died in 1735. LONGUS, a Greek sophist, author of four pastorals, and the Loves of Daphnis and Chloe, edited in 1660, 4to.

LONI, Alexander, of Florence, eminent as a painter, died in 1702.

LONICERUS, John, a learned German, professor of languages at Marpurg. He compiled a Greek and Latin Lexicon, and published Dioscorides; he died in 1569.

LONICENUS, Adam, son of the preceding, was a sagacious physician, who died at Frankfort, in 1586. He was the author of many works, chiefly on natural history.

LOON, Theodore Van, of Brussels, whose excellent paintings adorn the public edifices of Rome and Venice, was born in 1630.

LORING, Israel, born in 1682, was settled as minister of Sudbury, Massachusetts, and died in 1772.

LORIT, Henry, or Glareanus, from Glaris, in Switzerland, where he was born. He studied at Basil, Cologne, and Paris, was the friend of Erasmus. He wrote much on classical subjects, and died in 1563.

LORME, Philibert de, an eminent French architect and antiquary, born at Lyons, died in 1557, leaving behind several books of architec ture greatly esteemed.

LORME, John de, a French physician, who attended the wife of Henry III., Mary de Medicis, and other branches of the royal family. He was universally esteemed, and died in 1634

LORME, Charles de, son of the preceding, physician to Lewis XIII. He acquired great fame and opulence, and died in 1678.

LORRAINE, Robert le, a celebrated French sculptor, born at Paris, in 1666, died in 1743.

LORRAINE, Charles of, cardinal, and archbishop of Rheims, son of the duke of Guise. His influence at one time was nearly unlimited in France; he died in 1574.

LORRIS, William de, a poet of considerable merit, author of the "Romance of the Rose." in imitation of Ovid's Art of Love, died about 1620.

LORRY, Anne Charles, a French physician well known for his Latin treatises on melancho ly and its affections; also a treatise on cuta neous diseases; he died in 1783.

LOSA, Isabella, a native of Cordova, so il lustrious for her knowledge of Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, that she was honoured with the degree of D. D. She died in 1546.

LOT, son of Haran, and nephew of Abraham. When Sodom was about to be destroyed, God, out of mercy to Abraham, spared Lot.

LOTEN, John, a good landscape painter, of the English school, though a native of Holland, died in 1681.

LOTHAIRE I., son of Lewis the Debonnaire, was partner on the throne of Germany with his father, in 817, and made king of Lombardy three years after. He revolted against his father, seized him, and shut him in prison. This conduct brought on a war in which an immense number of lives were sacrificed. Lothaire died in 885.

LOTHAIRE II., duke of Saxony, afterwards king, and then emperor of Germany; he died

LORD, Benjamin, D. D., an American diin 1157. vine, settled at Norwich, Connecticut; he died in 1784, aged 90.

LOREDANO, John Francis, a learned and ingenious senator, of Venice, author of a life of Adam, History of the Kings of Cyprus, &c., was born in 1606.

LOTHAIRE, king of France, son of Lewis IV. His wife, Emma, gave him poison, of which he died in 986.

LOTHAIRE, king of Lorraine, abandoned his wife to marry his mistress, but pope Nicholas I. had the spirit to interfere, and to compel his majesty to again take his lawful wife. He died in 869.

LORENZETTI, Ambrogio, a painter, of Si enna, and the first who painted with success, storms, rain, and the effect of winds; he died LOUIS I., surnamed the Debonnaire, or the in 1350. Feeble, son of Charlemagne, was proclaimed LORENZINI, Lawrence, a native of Flo-king of France, and emperor of the West, in rence, eminent as a mathematician. He was 814. He was in a perpetual quarrel either with imprisoned twenty years, during which time he his brothers or sons, until his death, which hapwrote 12 books on conical and cylindrical sec-pened in 840. tions, in Latin; he died in 1721.

LORENZINI, or LAURENTINI, Francis Maria, an Italian poet, who wrote "Sacred Dramas;" he was born at Rome, in 1680, and died in 1743.

LOUIS II., the Young, eldest son of Lothaire I., was made king of Italy in 844, and succeeded to the imperial throne in 855. He was a brave and virtuous monarch, and anxious to preserve the dignity of the throne; he died in 875.

LORIMER, Dr. John, an English physician, LOUIS HII., surnamed the Blind, succeeded and author of an Essay on Magnetisin, born into the throne in 890, and was crowned by Bene1733, died July, 1795. dict IV. He was soon after, surprised and taken

by his rival, Berenger, who put out his eyes; he died in 934. LOUIS IV., called the Child, succeeded his LOUIS XVI., ascended the throne in 1774, father, the emperor Arnold, when he was only having married the celebrated Maria Antoinette seven years old. His reign was a scene of of Austria, in 1770. He was a benevolent, vircivil war and desolation; he died in 911. tuous, and amiable man, much attached to reLOUIS V., was elected emperor of Germany,ligion, and anxious to make his subjects happy.

LOUIS I., called the Pious, king of Germany, LOUIS V., surnamed the Lazy, succeeded his was a powerful monarch, and rendered himself father Lothaire in 986. He was vigorously formidable to his neighbours; he died in 876. preparing to march against the Saracens, when LOUIS II., son and successor of the precedhe was poisoned by his queen Blanche, in 987.|ing, defeated his uncle Charles the Bald; he He was succeeded by Hugh Capet.

LOUPTIERE, John Charles de Relongue de la, of the Arcadian academy, at Rome, wrote a LOUIS XI., ascended the throne in 1461, an collection of poems, in 2 vols. ; he died in 1784. ungrateful wretch, who rebelled against his LOUVET, Peter, was master of requests to father, and afterwards poisoned his brother.queen Margaret, he wrote some learned works, During his reign, rebellion and carnage were and died in 1646. common occurrences; and he has been deservedly called the Tiberius of France. He died in 1483.

LOUIS XIV., surnamed the Great, was born in 1638. His reign is celebrated, as an era of LOVE, Christopher, an English clergyman magnificence, learning and licentiousness, in and divinity writer of great reputation, was France; he died in 1715, leaving behind him beheaded in 1651 by the republicans, on a charge monuments of unprecedented splendour and ex-of high treason in holding correspondence with pense, in palaces, gardens, &c.

Soldier," a tragedy. His poems, which are extremely scarce, were printed under the title of Lucasta; the first part in 1649, the second in 1659.

LOVELACE, Francis, governor of the colo ny of New-York, from 1667, until its surrender to the Dutch, in 1673.

first devout exercise was to dedicate himself to the blessed virgin as her knight: he then went a pilgrimage to the Holy Land; and on his return to Europe he continued his theological stu. dies in the universities of Spain, though he was then 33 years of age. After this he went to Paris, and in France laid the foundation of this LOVELACE, John, lord baron of Hurley, new order, the institutes of which he presentcame to America as governor of the colony ofed to pope Paul III., who made many objections New-York, in 1708, and died the ensuing year. to them; but Ignatius adding to the three vows LOVEIOND, Edward, a poet of considerable of chastity, poverty, and obedience, a fourth talents, died in 1775. His brother collected and implicit submission to the holy see, the institupublished his poems in 1785. tion was confirmed in 1540. The pious founder died in 1555.

LOWE, Peter, a Scotch surgeon, who for 22 years was in the armies of Flanders and France, finally settled at Glasgow. He left some books

on his profession.

LOWE, Mauritius, an English painter of considerable eminence, died in extreme poverty, the effect of indolence, in 1793.

LOWELL, John, LL. D., an eminent lawyer, of Massachusetts, was a member of congress. from that state, a judge of the court of appeals, from the admiralty courts of the states, and a judge of the circuit court of the U. S., he died in 1802.

LOWEN, John Frederick, wrote some poems, printed at Hamburgh, and a romance; he died in 1773.

LOWER, Sir William, a famous cavalier In the troubles of Charles I., and a dramatic writer, died in 1662.

LUBIENETSKI, Theodore, a native of Cracow, eminent as a painter; he died in 1716.

LUBIENETSKI, Stanislaus, a gentleman of Poland, and celebrated Socinian minister, born at Cracow, in 1623, died by poison, in 1675. He wrote several books; the chief of which is a "History of the Reformation of Poland." The Socinians look upon him as a saint, if not a martyr.

LUBIN, Eilhard, a learned protestant, born in Oldenburgh, and professor of poetry, at Rostock; he died in 1621.

LUBIN, Augustin, geographer of the French king, was the author of several works, and died in 1695.

LUC, Jean Andre de, born at Geneva, in 1726. As a chymist and geologist he was preeminent; and his labours were all rendered LOWER, Dr. Richard, a celebrated English subservient to the best interests of mankind, in physician, died in 1691. He was author of an ex-illustrating the evidences of natural and recellent book, "De Corde;" and of another, "De vealed religion. His principal work is, Motu et Colore Sanguinis et Chyli in eum tran-logical Travels in the North of Europe, Engsitu;" and practised the transfusion of blood land, France, Switzerland, and Germany." Mr from one animal into another; but whether he De Luc, died at Windsor, in 1817. was the inventor of this operation we know not.

LOWMAN, Moses, 40 years dissenting minister at Surrey, was well skilled in Jewish an tiquities, and history. He wrote a work on Revelations, and died in 1752.

LOWNDES, William, LL. D., a member of congress from South Carolina, distinguished for his talents, eloquence, and application to the business of his office; he died in 1822.

LOWIH, William, a distinguished English theological writer and commentator, born in London, in 1661, died in 1732.

Geo

LUCA, John Baptist, a native of Verona, quitted the law for the church, and became a cardinal. He wrote a work on civil law, and died in 1683.

LUCAN, Marcus Annæus, a Latin poet, Lorn at Cordova, in Spain, A. D. 39. He was con demned by Nero to be bled to death in a bathi, A. D. 65. His chief work is his "Pharsalia;" which indeed is rather a history of the civil wars than a true poem, none of the rules of poetry being observed in it.

LUCAS, Tudensis, a bishop, author of a History of Spain, from Adam to 1236; he died in the 13th century,

LUCAS, Van Leyden, a very eminent painter and engraver, of Holland, died in 1533.

LUCAS, Richard, a learned divine, vicar of St. Stephens. He published 5 vols. of sermons, and other works, and died in 1715.

LOWTH, Dr. Robert, son of the preceding, bishop of London, &c., born in 1710, died in 1787. His literary character is well known by his learned "Præiections" on Hebrew poetry, which were translated into English by Mr. Gre gory, in 1787. But perhaps the most useful of his achievements are what refer to his own LUCAS, Dr. Charles, a celebrated Irish palanguage; which owes to him, what nothing|| triot, and writer on medicine, born in 1713, died said in it can ever pay, the "First Institutes in 1771. So high was his parliamentary chaof Grammar;" and, in his "Translation of Isaiah," the sublimest poetry in the world. LOYER, Peter le, a native of Anjou, and au thor of a curious history of spectres, and other works; he died in 1634.

LOYOLA, Ignatius, of, the founder of the jesuits, born in 1491, at the castle of Loyola, in Spain, was first page to Ferdinand V. king of Spain, and then an officer in his army; in which he signalized himself by his valour, and was wounded in both legs at the siege of Pampeluna, in 152. To this circumstance the jesuits owe their origin; for while he was under cure of his wounds, a Life of the Saints was put into his hands, which determined him to forsake the military for the ecclesiastical profession. His

racter, that the corporation of Dublin, many of the peers, the speaker, and numerous members of the house of commons, with the several guilds, to the amount of 2000 persons, attended his funeral; and the corporation settled a pension on his widow.

LUCAS, Paul, a great French traveller, born in 1664, died in 1737. His travels consist of several volumes, are passably written, and amusing enough; but not of the best authority.

LUCAS, Francis, born at Bruges. He was dean of St. Omer, and published Notes and Commentaries on the Old and New Testament. He died in 1619.

LUCCHESINI, John Vincent, a historian, and secretary to the pope, was born at Lucca