praised by some historians, but greatly censured by others, and died in 474. LEO, an archbishop of Thessalonica, in the 9th century, distinguished as a mathematician, LEO II., or Younger. He ruined his consti-one of the great revivers of Grecian literature tution by his debaucheries, and died, aged 16, soon after his accession. LEO, Pilatus, Greek professor, at Florence, about 1360; first gave lectures on Homer, and other Greek authors. LEO HII. was the son of a cobbler, who served in the army with such success that he became LEO, of Modena, a celebrated rabbi, author a general, and in 711, seated himself on the im- of an Italian history of the rites and customs of perial throne of Constantinople. He was de-the Jews, and other works. He lived in the tested as a tyrant, and excommunicated by the 17th century. popes of Roine, he died in 741. LEO IV. succeeded to the throne in 775. He warred against the Saracens with success, and died in 780. LEO V., the Armenian. became a general by his valour in the Roman armies, and so great was his popularity, that he prevailed on his soldiers to proclaim him emperor, in 813. He was assassinated in 820. LEO, the grammarian, compiled in the 12th century a chronicle of Constantinople. LEO, John, a native of Grenada, eminent as a geographer, and author of the lives of Arabian philosophers, and a description of Africa, in Arabic. He died in 1526. LEO, of Byzantium, a pupil of Plato, put to death by the treachery of Philip. LEO, of Orviette, a Dominican, who wrote LEO VI., or the Philosopher, also called thellan account of the Popes, and another of the Wise, succeeded to the throne in 886. He made Emperors, in 1308. war against the Bulgarians, Hungarians, and Saracens; deposed the patriarchs, Photius and Nicolas. He protected men of letters, and died in 911. LEO, Peter Cieca de, a Spaniard, who travelled in America, and published an interesting account of Peru, in 1550, a work of great merit. LEONE,Arto, or Conaria, a historical painter, who died in 1564. LEONI, Giacomo, a Venetian architect, who settled in England, and published a fine edition of Palladio; he died in 1746. LEO I., pope, surnamed the Great. During his reign, Genseric ferociously entered Rome. and having taken possession of the city, gave it up to pillage for 14 days. Leo was a learned and useful pope, and died in 461. LEONICENUS, Nicholas, an eminent phyLEO II., pope, was an able and resolute pon-sician, of Italy, to whom we owe the first transtiff. He first established the kiss of peace, atlation of any of Galen's works, and the "Aphothe mass, and the use of holy water; he died in risms of Hippocrates," born in 1428, died in 683. 1524. LEO III., pope. His nephew attempted his LEONICUS THOMÆUS, Nicholas, a learn destruction, but he escaped to Charlemagne,ed Venetian, who read Lectures at Padua, with who espoused his cause and seated him again in great reputation. He translated some Greek the pontifical chair. He was an eloquent and works, and died in 1524. popular pontiff, and died in 816. LEONIDAS I., king of Sparta, a celebrated LEO IV., pope. He was a wise and courage-||warrior, who died gloriously in defending the ous pontiff, and boldiy met the Saracens, wno pass of Thermopylæ against Xerxes, 480 years came to pillage his city, defeating, and taking a B. C. vast number prisoners, who were kept to fortify and adorn the city; he died in 855. LEO V., pope after Benedict IV., in 903. was soon after exiled, and died of grief. LEONTIUM, an ancient courtezan at Athens; famous first for her lasciviousness, and afterHewards for her application to the study of philosophy under Epicurus. LEO VI., pope after John X., in 928. He died about 7 months after. LEOPOLD, St., marquis of Austria, in 1096. By his virtues, he deserved the surname of Pious he was canonized by Innocent VIII., in LEO VII., a Roman, elected pope after John XI. He possessed many virtues, and died in 939. [1485. LEO VIII., elected by authority of the em- LEOPOLD I., was made king of Hungary, peror Otho, on the deposition of John XII., in in 1655, and of Bohemia, in 1656, and was elected 963. He was a pontiff of great merit and re-emperor in 1658. He engaged in a war with the spectability; he died in 965. Turks, and also with Lewis XIV, who pillaged LEO IX., Bruno, bishop of Toul, was elected and destroyed his frontier towns; he died in 1605. pope in 1018, and deserved the name of saint, LEOPOLD II., Peter Joseph, for 25 years given him in the Roman calendar. His sermons grana auke of Tuscany elected emperor of and other works are still extant; he died in 1054.||Germany in 1790; and in this high dignity, he LEO X., pope of Rome, ever to be remem-jevinced great abilities. He was preparing to bered by protestants as having been the cause declare war against France, when he died in of the Reformation begun by Luther, was born 1792. at Florence, in 1475, and died in 1521. He was LEOPOLD, duke of Lorraine, was celebrated a lover and patroniser of learning ard learned for his military talents, and after having settled men, and equally favoured arts and sciences, a peace, he devoted himself to the prosperity being himself a man of taste. For this he has and happiness of his domains, with great sucbeen often celebrated, and by Pope in particular: cess. He died at Luneville, in 1729, universally lamented. "But see! each Muse in Leo's golden days Rome's ancient genius, o'er its ruins spread, LEOPOLD, William, archduke of Austria, bishop of Passau, &c., was at the head of the impe rial armies in the 30 years war against the French and Swedes, and was greatly distinguished, both in the field and cabinet; he died in 1662. LEOTAUD, Vincent, a French jesuit, and mathematician, author of a work in which he proves the impossibility of squaring the circle} The died in 1672. LEOWICQ, or LEOVITIUS, Cyprian, a no-f LETHIEULLIER, Smart, Esq. an English ble Bohemian, author of a collection of astro-gentleman, born of a French family, who made logical productions, and incoherent reveries. a most valuable collection of medals, books, He prophesied that the world would end in 1584;|| MSS., and natural curiosities; he died in 1760. he died in 1574. LEPAUTE, John Andrew, a French clock maker, who made some valuable improvements in the art, and died in 1802. LEPICIER, Bernard, a French engraver, secretary and historian to the royal academy of painting, at Paris; he published a catalogue of the king's pictures, in 2vs. 4to., and died in 1755. LEPIDUS, Marcus Æmilius, one of the Roman triumvirs with Augustus and Antony. LETI, Gregorio, an Italian miscellaneous writer and historian, born at Milan, in 1630, died in 1701. His "History of Geneva" is the best of his works. LETTSOM, John Coakley, M. D., long distinguished for public and private benevolence, and for every species of useful exertion, both in the medical profession, and as a member of society at large, was born in 1744, and died in London, in 1815. His writings are very numerous, as LEPRINCE, John, a French musician and well moral as medical; and all of them discovpainter of great skill. Being taken by a priva-er the philanthropist and the physician. teer and robbed of every thing except his violin, he seized the instrument and played with such effect, that the sailors restored his property; he died in 1781. LE QUIEN, Michael, a learned Dominican, who wrote against Courayer, on the validity of the ordination of the English bishops; he died in 1703. LERNUTIUS, John, a Latin poet, born at Bruges, died in 1619. LESBONAX, a philosopher, of Mitylene, in the 1st century. Some of his grammatical works still remain. LESCAILLE, Catherine, a native of Holland, called, for the sweetness of her poetry, the Dutch Sappho, and the tenth muse; she died in 1711. LEUCIPPUS, a celebrated Greek philosopher and mathematician, flourished about 428 B. C. LEUNCLAVIUS, John, a German historian of the Ottoman empire, born in Westphalia, in 1533, died in 1593. LEUSDEN, John, professor of Hebrew at Utrecht, and eminent for his learning and talents as a writer; he died in 1699. LEUWENHOEK, Anthony de, a very cele brated Dutch physician, born at Delft, in 1632, died in 1723. He became famous all over Eu rope by his experiments and discoveries with microscopes. LEVER, Sir Ashton, collector of a valuable museum of natural history; the expense of which having impaired his fortune, he was permitted to sell it by lottery, but lost considerably, not a sufficient number of tickets having LEVERETT, John, a native of England, was, after his arrival in America, intrusted with several important offices, among which were these of major general and governor of Massachusetts; he died in 1670. LESLEY, John, a celebrated bishop of Ross, in Scotland, born in 1527, died in 1596. His ex-been sold. értions to save the life of Mary, queen of Scots, his mistress, bas endeared his name to posterity: indeed, all parties agree in speaking of him as a man of incomparable learning, an able statesman, a zealous churchman; and of his fidelity to his queen as admirable and exempla- LEVERETT, John, F R. S., a grandson of ry. He is author of a history of Scotland to the preceding, was a member and speaker of 1561. the house of assembly, and a judge of the suLESLIE, Dr. John, bishop of Clogher, in Ire-perior court of Massachusetts. He was chosen land, memorable for his exertions in defence of president of Harvard college, in 1708, and conthe royal cause, and for having endured a siege tinued in that office until his death, which hap in his castle of Raphoe, before he would sur-pened in 1724. 1746. render it to Oliver Cromwell, being the last LEVESQUE DE PONILLI, Lewis, a memwhich held out in that country. He was born ber of the academy of inscriptions of France, in Scotland, and died in 1671, aged about 100 and governor of Rheims. He wrote "Theory years, having been above 50 years a bishop. of agreeable Sensations," &c., and died in LESLIE, Charles, second son of the preceding, studied law, which he afterwards forsook for divinity, and became a famous theological disputant. His tracts on religion and politics amount to 50. He left also 2 folio volumes of theological works, and was a man of great talents; he died in 1722. LEVESQUE, Peter Charles, a distinguished French writer, died at Paris, in 1812. LEVI, third son of Jacob, by Leah, died 1612 B. C. " LEVI, David, a Jew, born in London, in 1740, was first a shoemaker, and afterwards à LESSING, Gotthold Ephraim, a German hatter; but became, in the result, a valuable poet, in the time of Voltaire, published various acquisition to the literary circle. He died in things, but without judgment. 1799, leaving behind him the following, among LESSIUS, Leonard, a jesuit, professor of di- other, works: "Rites and Ceremonies of the vinity at Louvaine. He wrote many learned Jews;" "Lingua Sacra, or, a Hebrew and works, and died in 1623. English Dictionary ""The Pentateuch in He L'ESTRANGE, Sir Roger, an English gen-brew and English; a translation of the "He tleman, born in 1616, was concerned in raising brew Liturgy," and "Dissertations on the forces and in some unsuccessful enterprises in Prophecies." favour of Charles I., during the civil wars, for LEVINGSTON, James, a brave Scotchman, which he was obliged to leave the kingdom. who served in the wars of Bohemia, HolUpon the restoration he returned, and printed land, Sweden, and Germany, and afterwards the first English newspaper, under the title of gentleman of the bed-chamber to Charles I.; the Public Intelligencer, in 1663; which he laid he died in 1672. down upon the publication of the first London LEWIS, John, a native of Bristol, educated Gazette. He was author of many political at Oxford." He became master of Eastbridge tracts, translated several things from the Greek, hospital, Canterbury, and was a man of great Latin, and Spanish, and died in 1705. industry and learning. He published the life of Wickliffe, the life of Caxton, various histo-|| LICHTENBERG, George Christopher, profesries, &c., and died in 1746. sor of philosophy in the university of Gottingen, and one of the most ingenious writers of Germany, died in 1799. LEWIS, Matthew Gregory, was born in London, in 1773. He was educated at Westminster school, and afterwards obtained a seat in parliament. He went to visit some estates that his father had left him in Jamaica, and died on his passage home in 1818. His dramas are enumerated in the "Biographia Dramatica;" but the book that conferred an infamous celebrity upon him, was a most licentious novel called "The Monk." It gave him also the nick-name of Monk Lewis. LICINIUS, Tegula, a Latin poet, 200 B. C. Nothing but fragments remain of his comic compositions. LICINIUS, C. Flavius Valerianus, son of a Dalmatian peasant, rose to the rank of genera in the Roman armies, and married the sister of Constantine. He was killed in battle, A. D. 324. LICINIUS, Caius, a Roman tribune, author of the law to forbid any man the possession of more than 500 acres of land. LIDDEL, Duncan, a native of Aberdeen, a physician, and professor of mathematics a Helmstadt. He returned to his native town. where he established six scholarships at the university and died in 1613. LEWIS, kings of France. See LOUIS. LEWIS, Meriwether, a native of Virginia, was private secretary to Mr. Jefferson, and was appointed by him governor of the territory of Louisiana. By order of government, he with Capt. Clark, explored the Missouri and country west, to the Pacific; an account of the expedition was published in 1806. He died in 1809. LEWIS, Francis, of New-York, was one of the signers of the declaration of Independence. LEY, Sir James, chief justice of Ireland, and afterwards of England, was finally created ba- LIEVENS, John, a native of Leyden, emiron of Ley, and earl of Marlborough, and lordnent as a historical and portrait painter, invited high treasurer, by James I. by Charles I. to England, to paint the persons of the court. LEYBOURN, William, originally a painter, and afterwards an eminent mathematician, died about 1690. LIEUI AUD, Joseph, physician to Lewis XVI., and member of the academy of sciences of Paris. He wrote Elements of Physiology Synopsis of the Practice of Medicine, &c., and died in 1780. LIGARIUS, Quintus, a proconsul of Africa. was one of the murderers of Cæsar. LEYDECKER, Melchior, professor of the- LIGER, Lewis, author of the Paris Guide, ology at Utrecht, and author of a curious trea-and some useful works on gardening, he died ise on the republic of the Hebrews; he died in 1721. LEYDEN, Lucas Van, a Dutch painter and engraver. He acquired great celebrity by his painting the history of St. Hubert, which he finished before the age of 15; he died in 1533. LEYDEN, John, a distinguished physician and poet, of Scotland, was appointed professor of the Hindoostanee language, at the college of Calcutta, and a judge at that place. He died in 1811. in 1717. LIGHTFOOT, John, a most eminent divine, born in Staffordshire. He was one of the most learned rabinical scholars that England ever produced. His works are published in 2 vols. folio; he died in 1675. LIGNAC, Joseph Adrain de, a native of Poictiers, a priest and author of Letters to an American, on Buffon's Natural History: he died in 1762. LIGONIER, John, earl of, a very distinguish. LEYSSENS, N., a native of Antwerp, who ed field marshal in the English army. He serv studied painting, and was very successful in hised with honour in all the wars of queen Anne,' profession; he died in 1720. under the duke of Marlborough, and in every succeeding war, and died in 1770, aged 92. L'HERITIER, a most indefatigable French botanist, confessedly the greatest (next to Buffon) that France ever produced, was born near Paris, in 1752, and assassinated in the street at Berne, Aug. 15, 1800; being mistaken, as it was supposed, for some other person. LHUYD, Edward, keeper of the Ashmolean museum at Oxford, and a celebrated antiquary and linguist, died in 1709. LIGORIO, Peter, a Neapolitan, distinguisheo as a painter and architect. His designs compose 30 vols.; he died in 1580. LILBURNE, John, a famous English enthusiast, born in 1618, died in 1657. He was the chief ringleader of the levellers, a modeller of state, and publisher of several seditious pam phlets; and of so quarrelsome a disposition, as LHWYD, or LHUYD, Humphrey, an anti-to have it appositely said of him, that if there quarian, born at Denbigh. He studied physic at Oxford, practised in his native town, and died in 1570, leaving behind him the character of an excellent rhetorician, and sound philo-at Koningsberg. He published various works sopher. which are preserved in the memoirs of the Berin academy; he died in 1750. LIBANIUS, a famous sophist of antiquity, born at Antioch, in 314. His epistles and orations are in high esteem. were none living but him, John would be agains Lilburne, and Lilburne against John. LILIENTAL, Michael, a Prussian, professo LILLO, George, an excellent dramatic writer, born in London, in 1693. Though strongly LIBAVIUS, Andrew, a native of Saxony, an attached to the muses, he seemed to have laic able physician, who wrote against Paracelsus;it down as a maxim, that the devotion paid to he died in 1616. them ought always to tend to the promotion of LIBERI, Peter, a native of Padua, eminent virtue, morality and religion. In pursuance of as a painter. His best piece is Moses striking this aim, Lillo was happy in the choice of his the rock; he died in 1677. subjects, and showed great power in affecting LIBERIUS, pope after Julius I., in 352. He the heart, by working up the passions to such a subscribed very reluctantly for the condemna- height as to render the distresses of common tion of Athanasius. He died in 366. and domestic life equally interesting to the au- " LICETUS, a celebrated physician, of Italy,diences as that of kings and heroes; and the born in Genoa, in 1577, died in 1655. His work ruin brought on private families by an indul De Monstris" has great merit. ligence of avarice, lust, &c., as the havock made in states and empires by ambition, cruelty, or state, and lieutenant-governor of his native tyranny. His "George Barnwell," "Fatal state; he was appointed to, but did not accept, Curiosity," and "Arden of Feversham," are the office of judge of the supreme court of the all planned on common and well-known stories; United States. He died in 1820. yet they have much more frequently drawn) tears from an audience than the more pompous tragedies of "Alexander the Great," "All for Love," &c. He died in 1739. LIND, Dr. James, a celebrated medical writer, died in 1794. LINDANUS, William, a Dutchman, made first bishop of Ruremonde, by Philip II., of LILLY, William, a famous English astrolo-Spain. He wrote some Latin books in defence ger, born in 1602, died in 1681. In him we have of the catholic religion, and died in 1588. an instance of the general superstition and igno- LINDENBRUCH, Frederic, a Fleming, the rance that prevailed in the time of the civil war laborious and learned editor of Virgil, Terence, between Charles I. and his parliament; for the and other classics. He died in 1638. king consulted this astrologer to know in what LINDSAY, John, a learned divine, for many quarter he should conceal himself if he could years minister of the dissenting congregation in escape from Hampton court; and general Fair-Aldersgate-street, London. He wrote several fax, on the other side, sent for him to his army, books, and died in 1768. to ask him if he could tell by his art whether God was with them and their cause. Lilly, who made his fortune by favourable predictions to both parties, assured the general that God would be with him and his army. His almanacs were in repute upwards of 36 years, and to be found in alinost every family in England. LILY, William, an English grammarian, born at Oldham, in Hampshire, in 1466. He was appointed first master of St. Paul's school, by the founder, Dean Colet, in 1510, and died of the plague at London, in 1522. He is highly praised by Erasmus, who revised the syntax in his "Grammar," for his uncommon knowledge In the languages, and admirable skill in the Instruction of youth. LILY, George, eldest son of the grammarian, patronised at Rome, by cardinal Pole. He wrote Some historical books, and was the first who published a correct map of England; he died in 1559. LINDSAY, Sir David, of the Mount, Lyon King at Arms, an ancient Scotch writer and dramatic poet, born in 1496, died in 1557. His chief writings were, "Satires on the Vices of the Clergy." His poetical works were published in 1806. LINDSAY, David, after studying in foreign universities, returned to support the reformed religion against queen Mary. He wrote a history of Scotland, and died in 1593. LINDSEY, Theophilus, born in 1723, took his degrees in arts at Cambridge, and obtained, after other preferments, the valuable living of Catterick, in Yorkshire; which, however, he resigned, in 1773, having embraced the Socinian system. He then settled in London, where he opened a chapel, in Essex-street, Strand, in which he officiated till 1793, when he retired from the ministry. He died in 1808. LINDWOOD, William, divinity professor, at Oxford, ambassador to Spain, and afterwards bishop of St. David's. He wrote the constitution of the archbishops of Canterbury, and LILY, Peter, second son of the grammarian, was a dignitary of the church of Canterbury. He had a son named Peter, who was D. D., pre-died in 1446. bendary of St. Paul's, and archdeacon of Taunton; he died in 1614. LINGELBACK, John, a celebrated German landscape-painter, of the 17th century. LIMBORCH, Philip, a celebrated professor LINGUET, Simon Nicolas Henry, a French of divinity, in Holland, born in 1633, died in writer, born at Rheims. He was educated a 1712. His best work is a "History of the In- lawyer, and rose to the highest eminence as an quisition." advocate. He wrote "Theory of Laws, MeLIMNÆUS, John, a German lawyer, of Je-moirs of the Bastile, Political Anna's," and many na, known as the author of various learned other works. He fell under the guillotine, in works; he died in 1663. 1794. LINACRE, Dr. Thomas, a very learned English physician, born in 1460, died in 1524. He projected the foundation of the college of physic was the first president after its erection, and held that office for the seven years that he lived afterwards. LINANT, Michael, a French poet, the intimate friend of Voltaire, who three times obtained the prize of the French academy; he died in 1749. LINIERE, Francis, a French poet of great literary merit, but of dissipated character, and an obstinate atheist, died in 1704. LINING, John, M. D., a native of Scotland, was a distinguished physician of South Carolina. He published an account of the yellow fever in 1753, the time of his death is not known. LINLEY, Thomas, a very eminent English composer of music, and one of the proprietors of Drury-lane theatre, died in 1795. LINN, John Blair, D. D., minister of a presbyterian church in Philadelphia, known as a poet; he died in 1804. LINCOLN, Benjamin, a distinguished officer LINN, William, D. D., an eminent presbyteand a major-general in the American army, dur- rian clergyman, of New-Jersey, afterwards seting the revolution. His services were conspi-tled at New-York; he died in 1808. cuous through the war. He was second in command at the capture of Burgoyne, commander of the forces in the southern states, was taken prisoner at Charleston, and exchanged, and af- LINNAEUS, Charles Von, the father of moterwards shared in the siege of Yorktown, and deru botany, was born at Smaland, in Sweden, superintended the capitulation of Cornwallis.1707. He made the tour of Lapland, in 1732, After the war, he was repeatedly in public life, was lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts, and collector of the port of Boston until 1809. He died in 1810. and traversed what is called the Lapland Desert, enduring great hardships, merely from an ardent love of science; and, after six months thus employed, returned to Upsal; in the uniLINCOLN, Levi, a member of congress from versity of which, at the age of 34, he was made Massachusetts, was attorney-general of the Uni-professor of physic and botany. He died in ed States, and for a time, acting secretary of 1778; leaving, among other works, 1. Systema Naturæ, sistens regna tria Natura; 2. Biblio-invasion of William the Conqueror, to 1197, in theca Botanica; 3. Critica Botanica; 4. Genera five books. Plantarum erumque Characteres Naturalis; 5. Amonitates Academica; 6. Materia Medica, &c. LINT, Peter Van, a native of Antwerp, known as an eminent historical and portrait painter of the 17th century. LINTRUSI, Severinus, professor of divinity and eloquence, at Copenhagen, and author of some theological works in Latin; he died in 1732. LINUS, St, successor of St. Peter, at Rome, he is ranked among the martyrs of that city. LIOTARD, John Stephen, a crayon painter," of great fame, born at Geneva, in 1702. LITTLEBURY, Isaac, an English divine who published a translation of Herodotus. LITTLETON, or LYTTLETON, Thomas, judge of the court of common pleas, in the reign of Edward IV., and author of a celebrated treatise on tenures or titles, by which all estates were anciently held in England; he died in 1481, LITTLETON, Adam, an excellent English philologist and grammarian; an indefatigable restorer of the Latin tongue, as appears from his Latin Dictionary," and an excellent critic in the Greek, born in 1627, died in 1694. LITTLETON, Edward, an English divine and poet, in 1734. LIOTARD, Peter, a French botanist, who be gan the study after he was 40 years old, and pursued it with so much zeal, that he was made LITTLETON, Edward, a distinguished memdirector of the public garden, at Grenoble; heber of parliament, chief justice of the court of died in 1796. common pleas, lord keeper of the great seal, and afterwards made a peer, by the title of lord Littleton; he died in 1645. LIPPI, Philip, who from a Carmelite, became painter. He was a native of Florence, and died in 1488. LITTLETON, John, an active member of LIPPI, Lawrence, a painter, of Florence, who parliament. His attachment to Essex was the excelled in historical pieces and in portraits.cause of his being condemned as a conspirator, He also possessed merit as a poet; he died in though he was saved from execution by Sir 1664. Walter Raleigh; he died in prison in 1600. LIPSIUS, Justus, a most acute and learned LIVIA, wife of Tyberius Claudius Nero, afFlemish critic and commentator on ancient au-terwards married to Augustus, died A. D. 29. thors, born near Brussels, in 1547, died in 1606. LIVINGSTON, John, a Scotch presbyter, LIRON, John, a Benedictine of St. Maur, au-banished because he refused to take the oath of thor of several French works of great merit, died in 1749. LIS, John Van der, a painter, born at Oldenburgh. His pieces on Scriptural subjects and moral sports, possess great merit; he died in 1629. allegiance, on account of his religious opinions. He went to Holland, where he continued to preach. He was author of some letters, and died in 1672. LIVINGSTON, William, LL. D., an eminent lawyer, of New-York, and a zealous advocate LISLE, Claude de, a native of Lorraine, ex-of the rights of the colonies, removed to Newcelled as a teacher of geography. He wrote Jersey, and was chosen a member of Congress, "Historical Relation of Siam," "Abridgment and afterwards governor of that state; he died of Universal History," &c.; he died at Paris, in 1790. in 1720. LIVINGSTON, John, D. D., an eminent diLISLE, William de, an eminent French geo-vine, of New-York, born in 1746. He was pastor grapher, born at Paris, in 1675, died in 1726. of the Dutch reformed church in the city of New LISLE, Joseph Nicholas de, an able astrono-York, and, at the same time, professor of theolomer, brother to William. He had the friend-gy in the theological seminary of that church; ship of Newton and Halley, and was invited to and on its removal to Queen's college, N. J., he Russia, where he was placed at the head of the was placed at the head of the institution; he observatory; he died in 1768. died at New-Brunswick, in January, 1825. LISLE, Sir George, learnt the art of war in Flanders, and distinguished himself in the civil wars of Great Britain. He was knighted on the field of battle, at Newbury, by Charles I., for his bravery; he died in 1648. LIVINGSTON, Brockholst, an eminent lawyer, of New-York, was engaged in the ariny during a part of the revolution, and was at the capture of Burgoyne. He went to Spain, in 1779, as private secretary to Mr. Jay, and on his LISOLA, Francis de, was 4 years ambassa-return, soon rose to professional eminence in dor to England from the emperor Ferdinand III. He wrote on the ambitious views of Lewis XIV., which highly offended the French; he died in 1677. his native city. He was a judge of the supreme court of New-York, and afterwards of the United States, until his death in 1823. LIVINGSTON, Philip, a member of Congress, in 1776, and one of the signers of the declaration of Independence; he died in 1778. LISTER, Matthew, president of the college of physicians, and physician to queen Anne, and Charles I., who knighted him; he died in 1657. LIVINGSTON, Robert R., a distinguished LISTER, Martin, nephew to sir Matthew, member of congress from New-York, was one studied physic abroad, and on his return, settled of the committee which drew up the declaration at York, where he acquired great reputation. of Independence, and after its adoption, was, in He afterwards removed to London, and attend-1780, appointed secretary for foreign affairs. ed the duke of Portland on his journey to Paris; He was afterwards chancellor of the state of he died in 1711. New-York, and minister from the United States LITHGOW, William, a Scotchman, famous to France. He materially assisted Fulton, by for his travels on foot over Europe, Asia, and supplying him with funds, both in France and Africa, and his sufferings by imprisonment and at home, to enable him to pursue his experitorture at Malaga. He was born the latter end ments, and to carry his discoveries into effect. of the 15th, and died about the middle of the He died in 1813. 16th century. LIVINIUS, or LIVINEUS,John, Latin trans LITTLE, William, an English historian,lator of some of the works of Gregory and who wrote the history of his country from the Chrysostom, was a student at Cologne, where |