JESUS, son of Sirach, a native of Jerusalem, was author of Ecclesiasticus, 200 B. C.

JESUS CHRIST, the Blessed Saviour of the world, born at Bethlehem, A. M. 4004, and was crucified by the Jews, Friday, April 3, A. D. 36. JETHRO, father-in-law of Moses, was priest and king of the Midianites.

JEUNE, Jean le, a French divine, of great piety, and much esteemed by Massillon; hell died in 1672.

JEWEL, John, bishop of Salisbury, and a great polemic writer in defence of the English church against popery; he was born in 1522, and died in 1571.

JEZED I., fifth caliph, or successor of Mahomet, in 680. He died in 683.

JOAB, a general under David, was put to death 1014 B. C.

JOACHIM, abbot of Corazzo, made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land; he pretended to be a prophet, and died in 1202, leaving a numerous sect behind him.

JOACHIM, George, mathematical professor at Wittemberg, an able defender of the Copernican system; he died in 1570.

JOAN, Pope, a woman, placed among the successors of St. Peter as John VIII., or John VII. This story was believed for more than 200 years, but is now generally discredited.

JOAN of Arc, commonly called the Maid of Orleans, whose heroic behaviour in re-animating the expiring valour of the French nation, though by the most superstitious means (pretending to be inspired,) deserved a better fate. She was burnt by the English as a sorceress, in 1431, at the age of 24.

JOAN, queen of Naples, murdered her first and second husbands, and adopted a relation as ber successor, who put her to death in 1381.

JOAN II.,queen of Naples, after Ladislaus, in 414, disgraced herself by her debaucheries, and died in 1434.

JOASH, son of Ahaziah, was proclaimed king of Israel at the age of seven years, and slain 483 B. C.

JOASH, son of Jehoahaz, king of Israel, defeated the Syrians, took the king of Judah prisoner, and died 826 B. C.

JOB, patriarch of Uz, celebrated in sacred history for his sufferings and patience; he died about 1500 B. C.

JOBERT, Lewis, a learned French jesuit, born at Paris, in 1647, died in 1719. We have several tracts of piety of his writing, besides a piece entitled, "La Science des Medailes," in good esteem.

JODELLE, Stephen, lord of Limodin, born in 1532, at Paris, and said to be first of all the French who wrote comedies and tragedies in his own tongue in the ancient form; he died in 1573. JOEL, the second of the minor prophets, flourished about 790 B. C.

JOHN, Baptist, the forerunner of Christ, son of Zacharias and Elizabeth, was beheaded by Herod A. D. 29.

JOHN the Evangelist, brother of James the Great, called to the apostleship at the age of 26, was a favourite of his master, and the writer of the Apocalypse; he died at Ephesus, A. D. 100. JOHN, surnamed Mark, was the disciple of the Apostles.

JOHN, a native of Nicomedia, was put to death in the persecution of Dioclesian, in 303. JOHN, St., a native of Cyprus, was raised to the see of Alexandria, in 610.

JOHN, secretary to Honorius, seized the

throne of Constantinople on his master's death, and was beheaded in 425.

JOHN J., surnamed Zimisces, seized the throne of Constantinople, by assassinating Nicephoras Phocas, in 989. He displayed great valour against the Saracens, and was poisoned in 976.

JOHN II., Comnenus, succeeded to the throne of Constantinople, in 1118. He was successful in his wars, was a virtuous prince, and died in 1143.

JOHN III., Ducas, was emperor of Nice, while the Latins were masters of Constantinople; he

died in 1255.

JOHN IV., Lascaris, succeeded to the throne of Constantinople, in 1259. His sceptre was seized by Michael Palæologus, who put him in prison, where he died.

JOHN V., Cantacuzenus, emperor of Constantinople. See CANTACUZENUS. JOHN VI.,Palæologus, succeeded to the throne of Constantinople, in 1341. This weak and unfortunate monarch died in 1390. JOHN VII., Palæologus, succeeded his father as emperor, in 1425, and died in 1448.

JOHN I, pope, a Tuscan, succeeded to the popedom, in 523. He was imprisoned by Theodoric, and died in 526.

JOHN II., a native of Rome, was elected pope in 533, and died in 535.

JOHN III., a Roman, was elected pope in 560, and died in 573.

JOHN IV., elected pope in 640, died in 642. JOHN V., a Syrian, elected pope in 685, died in 687.

JOHN VI., a Greek, elected pope in 701, died in 705.

JOHN VII., a Greek, succeeded John VI. He was a weak pontiff, and died in 707.

JOHN VIII., a Roman, elected pope in 872, and died in 882; 300 of his letters are preserved. JOHN IX., a native of Tivoli, elected pope in 898, died in 900.

JOHN X., archbishop of Ravenna, was elected pope in 914. More capable of leading an army, than guiding the church, he defeated the Saracens in battle, and was put to death in 928.

JOHN XI., son of Alberic, duke of Spoletto, was made pope in 931, at the early age of 25; he died in 936.

JOHN XII., a Roman noble, elected pope in 956. Being accused of various crimes, he was deposed by a general council, and killed in 964.

JOHN XIII., a Roman, was elected pope in 965 by the emperor, against the will of the Roman people; he died in 972.

JOHN XIV., succeeded to the popedom in 983. He was imprisoned by the anti-pope Boniface VIII., and died in 984.

JOHN XV., pope after John XIV., died soon after his elevation.

JOHN XVI., a Roman, was made pope in 985. He was the first who rewarded nieritorious deeds by canonization, and died in 996.

JOHN XVII., a Roman, elected pope in 1003, after Sylvester II.

JOHN XVIII., a Roman, elected pope after John XVII. He died in 1009, after having resigned the dignity.

JOHN XIX., succeeded his brother as pope, in 1024. He crowned the emperor Conrad II., and died in 1033.

JOHN XX., the name given by some to the anti-pope Philagathus, or to Jolin, or to the woman who is said to have filled the papal chair under the name of pope Joan.

JOHN XXI., elected pope in 1276, died by the fall of a building in 1277.

JOHNES, Thomas, born at Ludlow, in Shropshire, in 1748, was bred at Eton and Oxford. re was a member of parliament, first for Cardigan, and afterwards for the county of Radnor.

JOHN XXII. d'Euse, was elected pope in 1316, and died in 1334. JOHN XXIII., Balthasar Cossa, a Neapoli-His estates at Hafod, in Cardiganshire, were tan. was elected pope in 1110, and died in 1419. JOHN, king of England, was the son of Henry IV. This monarch, being compelled by the barons, signed Magna Charta, the basis of British freedom; he died in 1216.

conducted on the most liberal scale, and were a strong attraction to all visiters of that part of Wales. But in 1807, the elegant mansion, a most valuable library, and a printing establish ment, from which had issued many elegant productions, were destroyed by an accidental fire, while Mr. Johnes was attending his duty in parliament. In 1811 he lost a favourite daughter, from the effects of which shock he never JOHN III., king of Sweden, son of Gustavus recovered. He died in 1816. Mr. Johnes reVasa, ascended the throne in 1568. He attempted printed, with great care and attention, generally to restore the popish religion, but was unsuc-with notes and illustrations, at his private press, cessful, and died in 1592. above alluded to, the valuable works of "Frois

JOHN, king of France, surnamed the Good, succeeded to the throne in 1530. He was defeated in battle and taken prisoner by Edward, the black prince; he died in 1364.

JOHN II., king of Castile; he was a bravesart,' "" de Joinville," and "Monstrelet." warrior, and died in 1454.

JOHN II., king of Navarre, succeeded to the throne of Arragon, in 1458, and died in 1479. JOHN, son of the emperor Henry VII., was elected to the kingdom of Bohemia, in 1309, and after conquering Silesia, declared himself king of Poland. He was a prince of great valour, and was mortally wounded in the battle of Crecy, in 1346. JOHN I., king of Portugal, was raised to the throne in 1384. Under his reign the Portuguese began their famous discoveries; he died in 1433. JOHN II., king of Portugal, surnamed the Great, succeeded to the throne in 1481. He carried his arms into Africa, and died in 1495. JOHN III., king of Portugal, succeeded to the throne in 1521, and died in 1557.

JOHN IV., surnamed the Fortunate, was son of the duke of Braganza. By the assistance of his brave countrymen he shook off the Spanish yoke, and was proclaimed king in 1630; he died In 1636.

JOHN V., succeeded to the throne of Portugal, in 1707. He devoted himself to the interests of his country, and died in 1750.

JOHN, of Gaunt or Ghent, duke of Lancaster, and son of Edward III., was a prince of distinguished valour and prudence, and a patron of the poet Chaucer; he died in 1399.

JOHN SOBIESKI, king of Poland. See BIESKI.

JOHN, of Austria, Don, was the natural son of the emperor Charles V., and a celebrated warrior; he died by poison, in 1578.

JOHN, Fearless, Duke of Burgundy, distinguished himself at Nicopolis against Bajazet he was assassinated in 1419.

;

JOHNSON, Martin, an excellent painter or landscapes, died in the reign of James II. JOHNSON, Samuel, an English divine, of remarkable learning, and steadiness in suffering for the principles of the revolution, in 1688 He was born in 1649, and died in 1703.

JOHNSON, John, a non juror divine, who, though promoted in the established church, expressed a mean opinion of her articles and liturgy; he died in 1725.

JOHNSON, or JANSEN, Cornelius, an excellent painter, a native of Amsterdam. In the reign of James I., he drew several fine portraits of that monarch, and most of his court, and died in 1665.

JOHNSON, Charles, a dramatic writer of merit, died in 1748. The dramatic pieces which this author produced are enumerated in the Biographia Dramatica."

JOHNSON, Maurice, an excellent English antiquary, died in 1755.

JOHNSON, Dr. Samuel, born at Litchfield, in 1709, where his father was a reputable book. seller. He was entered of Pembroke college, Oxford, in 1728, but left the university without taking any degree. In March, 1737, he went to London, where he appears to have met with disappointments which disgusted him with the SO-town; for, in August, we find him desirous of returning again into his native country, to take upon himself the office of master of a charity school, in Shropshire, then vacant, the salary of which was 60l. a year. But the statutes of the school requiring the person who should be elected to be a master of the arts, this attempt seems to have been frustrated. In 1740, he began to write the "Debates in the Senate of Lilliput," printed in the Gentleman's Magazine; and, after producing some poems, translations, and biographical works, which met with a good reception, (particularly "London," the "Vanity of Human Wishes," and "The Life of Savage,'') he brought forth" Irene," a tragedy, in 1749. This not meeting with the success that he expected, he set about his "Dictionary." The execution of this cost him the labour of many years; but he was amply repaid by the fame which he acquired. During the recesses of this stupendons labour, he published his "Ramblers." The reputation of these works gained him the honorary degree of doctor of

JOHN, of France, duke of Berry, was son of king John, and distinguished at the battle of Poictiers; he died in 1416.

JOHN V., duke of Brittany, surnamed the Conqueror, died in 1399.

JOHN VI., duke of Brittany, a prince of great valour and benevolence, died in 1446.

JOHN V., count of Armagnac, was son of John IV., of Navarre. For his misconduct, he was banished from France, and killed in 1743.

JOHN, of Leyden. See BOCCOLD. JOHN, of Salisbury, an Englishman, bishop of Chartres, and one of the most learned persons in the 12th century. The only things remaining of his, are his "Life of St. Thomas of Canterbury;" "A Collection of Letters;"laws, in the university of Dublin, which was and his "Polycration."

JOHN, of Paris, a celebrated Dominican, and theological professor at Paris, died in 1304. JOHN, of Udino, a celebrated painter, at Rome, died in 1564.

soon after followed by the same degree from Oxford. To this succeeded his "Idlers." His next publication was "Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia," a beautiful little novel, in the Eastern style, abounding with the most useful and mo

ral maxims, suited to the several conditions of Indian affairs, in the colony of New-York life. Of his political works, which followed at known for the great influence and authority he distant intervals, the public are more divided acquired over that people; he died in 1774 about the merits: it is, however, but fair to pre- JOHNSON, Samuel, D. D., a native of Conume that they were his candid opinions uponnecticut, distinguished as the first convert to the subjects, and, as such, deserving of no cen-episcopacy in the colony, and afterwards as sure from the judgment of impartiality. His president of King's college, New-York; he died last undertaking, "The Lives of the British Po-in 1772. ets,' would alone have been sufficient to im- JOHNSON, William Samuel, LL. D., F. R. S mortalize his name, as it by far excels any thing son of the preceding, was an eminent lawyer, executed upon a similar plan, by others; and, and for several years, agent of the colony of though the critical remarks, in a few instances, New-York, in England. He was afterwards a incorporate a little too much with political opi- judge of the supreme court of Connecticut, a nions, their general excellence must always give delegate to congress, and to the convention them deserved celebrity. It is said, that he was which formed the constitution of the United executing a second part of "The Prince of States, and first senator of the U. S., from ConAbyssinia," "and was in hopes to have finished necticut. He was also president of Columbia it before his death, which event happened Dec.college, New-York, for several years. He died 13, 1784. The editor of the "Biographia Dra-at Stratford, in 1819, aged 93.

matica," after bestowing many just encomiums JOHNSON, Thomas, an eminent lawyer, and on the genius of Dr. J., says, it would be the a firm patriot, of Maryland, governor of that highest injustice, were I not to observe, that no-state after the revolution, and afterwards an asthing but that genius can possibly exceed the sociate judge of the supreme court of the Uniextent of his erudition; and it would be adding ted States; he died in 1819.

A greater injury to his still more valuable quali- JOHNSTON, Dr. Arthur, a physician, but ties, were we to stop here; since, together with more celebrated as a Latin poet, was born at the ablest head, he seems to have been possess-Aberdeen, in 1587, of which university he afed of the very best heart at present existing.terwards became principal; he died at OxEvery line, every sentiment, that issues from his ford, in 1641. His "Epigrams," and version pen, tends to the great centre of all his views, of the " Psalms," are excellent. the promotion of virtue, religion, and humani- JOHNSTON, Charles, born in Ireland, was ty; nor are his actions less pointed toward the ored to the bar; but, being exceedingly deaf, he' same great end. Benevolence, charity, and relinquished that profession. In 1760, he pubpiety, are the most striking features of his cha-lished "Chrysal, or the Adventures of a Guiracter; and while his writings point out to usuca;" a political Romance, in which all the what a good man ought to be, his own conduct scenes and characters were sketched from real sets us an example of what he is." A statue to life. This was followed by "The Reverie; or, Dr. Jobson's memory has been erected in St. a Flight to the Paradise of Fools;" the "Histo Paul's cathedral. In an East India newspaper ry of John Juniper, Esq., alias Juniper Jack," we meet with the following poetical picture of &c. &c. In 1782, Mr. Johnston went to India, this celebrated character: where he died about 1800.

JOHNSTON, Gabriel, governor of the colony of North Carolina, died in 1762. His administration contributed to the increase and prosperity of the colony, and to the advancement of learning there.

JOHNSTONE, James, a Scotch physician, distinguished for his treatment of a malignant fever, at Kidderminster, died in 1802.

JOHNSTONE, George, one of the commissioners sent to treat with America, during the war; he died in 1787.

JOINVILLE, John Sieur de, an eminent French statesman, and author of "The History of St. Louis," a very curious and interesting piece, died in 1318, aged 90.

"Herculean strength and a stentorian voice, Of wit a fund, of words a countless choice; In learning, rather various than profound, In truth intrepid, in religion sound: A trembling frame and a distorted sight, But firm in judgment and in genius bright; In controversy rarely known to spare, But humble as the publican in pray'r; To more than merited his kindness, kind, And, tho' in manners harsh, of friendly mind; Deep tinged with melancholy's blackest shade, And, tho' prepared to die, of death afraid.-. Such Johnson was-of him with justice vain, When will this nation see his like again.. JOHNSON, Thomas, a London apothecary, JOLOGOEH, a Welch bard, who, from 1370 and the best herbalist of his time, died in 1644. to 1420, was in the court of Owen Glendowr. JOHNSON, Samuel, LL. D., a member of JOLY, Guy, known by his long and faithful congress, and senator from North Carolina, af-attachment to the famous cardinal de Rhetz, terwards a judge of the supreme court, and go-whom he attended both in his prosperity and vernor of that state; he died in 1816. adversity. He wrote " Memoirs of his Times," JOHNSON, Sir Nathaniel, governor of the from 1648 to 1665; which, as Voltaire expresses colony of South Carolina, in 1706. He display-it, "are to those of the cardinal, what the sered great ability and judgment in defending the vant is to the master." colony from the French and Indians; he died in 1713.

JOHNSON, Edward, an inhabitant of Massachusetts, author of a work, entitled "The Wonder Working Providence of Sion's Saviour, in New-England, from 1628 to 1652."

JOLY, Claude, a French ecclesiastic, who died in 1700.

JONAH, the fifth of the minor phophets, was sent to denounce judgments on Nineveh. He died about 761 B. C.

JONAS, Anagrimus, a learned Icelander, JOHNSON, Robert, the last proprietary go-who acquired a great reputation for astronomy vernor of South Carolina, in 1719, afterwards appointed to the same office by the crown; he died in 1735.

JOHNSON, Sir William, superintendent of

and the sciences, died in 1640, at the age of 95. JONAS, Justus, a famous protestant divine and polemical writer, in Germany, born in Thuringia, in 1493, died in 1555.

JONATHAN, son of Saul, and the faithfull writings, to propagate the doctrines of infidelity friend of David, was slain in battle by the Phi- as has been a favourite practice with some molistines, 1055 B. C. dern philosophers of reputation, he was desirJONATHAN, a general of the Jews, and bro-ous to lend the Scriptures his utmost support; ther of Judas Maccabeus, was a valiant man, and, in one of his latest annual discourses to and cruelly put to death, 144 B. C. the Asiatic Society, he has done more to give JONES, William, an English divine, of learn validity to the Mosaic history of the creation ing and piety, whose works are highly esteem-than has been done by the researches of any coed; he died in 1801.

JONES, Jeremiah, a dissenting divine, and author, died in 1724.

JONES, John, a Benedictine monk, educated at Oxford, was made vicar-general of his or der, and died in 1636.

JONES, David, a native of Wales, wrote some poetical pieces, and died in 1780.

JONES, Jolin, a Welch antiquary, who was employed 40 years, from 1590 to 1630 in collecting Welch MSS.

JONES, Rice, a Welch poet, died in 1801. JONES, John, a dramatic writer, in the reign of Charles I.

JONES, Inigo, a celebrated English architect, born in London, in 1572, died in 1652. His abilities in all human sciences surpassed most of his age. His designs and buildings were many and important; but for an account of these we must refer the reader to Campbell's" Vitruvius Britannicus."

JONES, John, a medical writer, born in Wales, died in 1580.

temporary writer. The following epitaph, wris ten by and for himself, is equally admired fo its truth and its elegance.

"Here was deposited the mortal part of a man who feared GOD, but not death; and maintained independence, but sought not riches; who thought none below him, but the base and unjust; none above him but the wise and virtuous; who loved his parents kindred, friends, and country:

and having devoted his life to their service,
and the improvement of his mind,
resigned it calmly,

giving glory to his Creator,
wishing peace on earth,

and good will to all his creatures,
on the..... day of.....

in the year of our blessed Redeemer....

JONES, Richard, a Welchman, and an in

JONES, Sir William, judge of the king's bench, in the reign of Jaines I., and Charles I. genious author, died in the 17th century. JONES, Sir Thomas, a judge of the king's bench, under Charles II. and James II.

JONES, William, one of the last of those genuine mathematicians, admirers, and cotemporaries of Newton, who cultivated and improved the sciences in the present century, father to Sir William Jones, was born in Anglesey, in the year 1680, and diea in 1749.

JONES, Henry, a native of Drogheda, in Ireland, and no mean dramatic poet, though ori ginally a journeyman bricklayer, died very poor, in 1770. His principal performance, "The Earl of Essex," a tragedy, appeared in 1753.

JONES, David, speaker of the colonial as sembly of New-York, and a judge of the su preme court of that state, died in 1775.

JONES, Thomas, an English divine, eminent as an instructer of mathematics, at Cambridge, died in 1807.

JONES, John Paul, a native of Scotland, who, after being engaged in the merchant service of Great Britain, came to America, at the commencement of the revolution, and received a lieutenants commission in the navy of the United States. He was soon after promoted, and, as captain of the Ranger, and afterwards of the JONES, Griffith, born in London, in 1721, died Bonne Homme Richard, fought battles and gainin 1786. This gentleman was many years edi-led victories, which gave him reputation throughtor of the London Chronicle, of the Daily Ad-out Europe, and which, for their desperation, vertiser, and, we believe, of the Public Ledger, have seldom been equalled. He also annoyed In the "Literary Magazine," with Johnson, the enemy's merchant vessels in every sea. and in the "British Magazine," with Smollet After the peace, he was, for a time, in the serand Goldsmith, his anonymous labours were of vice of Russia. He died at Paris, in 1792. ten associated. His modest mind shrunk from public attention; and his labours were most frequently directed to the improvement of the younger and more untutored classes of mankind. His translations from the French are very numerous, but cannot now be traced.

JONES, Sir William, one of the judges of the supreme court of judicature, in Bengal, and an excellent poet, to whose translations we are indebted for many beautiful effusions of the Persian muse, was born in London, in 1746, and died in 1794, at the premature age of 48. Endowed by nature with a mind of extraordinary vigour, Sir William, by unwearied industry, aided by superior genius, successfully explored the hidden sources of Oriental science and literature; and his attainments in this interesting branch of learning were such as to make him far beyond all competition, the most eminent Oriental scholar, in this, or perhaps any other age. Unlike many other eminent literary characters of the age, Sir William was a sincere and pious Christian, instead of labouring by his

JONES, John, M. D., an eminent physician, of New York, afterwards professor of surgery in King's college; he died in 1791.

JONES, William, speaker of the house of assembly, and governor of the state of RhodeIsland, died in 1892.

JONG, Ludolph de, a Dutch painter of eminence, died in 1697.

JONGHE, Baldwin, or Junius, a Franciscan monk, and the author of several works, died in 1634.

JONIN, Gilbert, a jesuit, known as an eminent poet, died at Tournon, in 1638. JONSIUS, John, a native of Holstein, and an elegant writer, died in 1659.

JONSON, Benjamin, a celebrated English poet, born in Westminster, in 1574. He was bred a bricklayer, but went afterwards to St. John's college, Cambridge; where, however, his continuance was short in proportion to his finances, which would not supply the decent conveniences of a learned ease. In this exi gence he turned his thoughts upon the play

JOSEPH, son of Jacob and Rachel, was the favourite of his father. In Egypt he rose to be the governor of the country, and died 1636 B. C. JOSEPH, husband of Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ, was of the tribe of Judah, and of the lineage of David.

JOSEPH, of Arimathea, a counsellor, and disciple of our Saviour.

houses: his inclination and genius lay to compositions for the stage; and he had the example of Shakspeare, who had taken the same course, in the like difficulties, with success. The first play Jonson printed was the comedy entitled Every man in his humour;" after which he produced a play regularly every year, for some years successively. In 1619, on the death of Daniel, he succeeded to the vacant laurel; and JOSEPH I., 15th emperor of the house of this office obliged him to provide the Christmas Austria, was crowned king of Hungary, in 1687, diversion of a masque: accordingly, in his elected king of the Romans, in 1690, and sucworks, we have a series of these and other en-ceeded to the empire of Germany, in 1705; he tertainments of a like kind, most of which were died in 1711. presented at court from 1615 to 1625. He died JOSEPH II.,emperor of Germany, was elected in 1637, and was interred in Westminster Abbey. king of the Romans, in 1764, and crowned emOver his grave is a common pavement stone,peror the following year; he was a benevolent and on it are engraven these words, monarch, but too fond of innovation; he died in 1790.

"O RARE BEN JONSON." JOHNSTON, John, a polish naturalist, velled over Europe, and died in 1675.

JOSEPH, king of Portugal, of the Braganza fatra-mily, ascended the throne in 1750, and died in 1777. His reign was turbulent and unfortunate.

JORAM, king of Israel, 896 B. C.; he was slain 884 B. C.

JORAM, king of Judah 889 B. C.; he died in 885 B. C.

JORDAENS, James, an eminent painter of the Flemish school, born at Antwerp, in 1593, died in 1678. He improved under Rubens, for whom he worked, and from whom he drew his best principles.

JORDAN, Sir Joseph, an English admiral, by whose extraordinary valour, the Dutch were defeated at the battle of Solebay, in 1672.

JOSEPH MEIR, a learned rabbi, was born in France, in 1496, and died in 1554. JOSEPH, Ben Gorion, a Jewish historian, who flourished in the 10th century.

JOSEPH, of Paris, a capuchin, and confidant of Richelieu, died in 1638.

JOSEPH, Father, an apostate monk, who raised 6000 banditti in 1678, to extirpate the catholic religion in Hungary.

JOSEPHUS, Flavius, the ancient historian of the Jews, born at Jerusalem, A. D. 37, died in 93. His "History of the Jewish War and JORDAN, Charles Stephen, a Prussian writer, the Destruction of Jerusalem," in 7 books, was highly esteemed by Frederick the Great, who composed at the command of Vespasian, and erected a monument to him, with this inscrip- is singularly interesting and affecting, as the tion, "Here lies Jordan, the friend of the mu-historian was an eye-witness of all that he reses and of the king." He died in 1746. lates. St. Jerome calls him "the Livy of the JORDAN, John Christopher, privy coun-Greeks." His "Jewish Antiquities," in 20 sellor to the king of Bohemia, was an eminent antiquary, and died in 1740.

books, written in Greek, are a very noble work: we have also a discourse "upon the Martyrdom of the Maccabees;" which is a master-piece of eloquence, for he was certainly a great orator, as well as a great historian.

JOSHUA, the son of Nun, and successor of Moses, in conducting the Israelites to Canaan. he died 1424 B. C.

JOSIAH, king of Judah, 641 B. C., died 610

JORDAN, Dorothea, an eminent English ac tress, was the daughter of Capt. Bland, of a most respectable family in Ireland. Her mother eloped with her father; they both took to the stage; and our heroine was born among the Thespian corps. As an actress, she commenced her career in Dublin; but soon quitted that for Tate Wilkenson's York company; where she ||B. C. soon distinguished herself so much as speedily to attract the notice of the London managers. She died at St. Cloud, in France, in 1816; and was indebted, we believe, to the kindness of a casual English traveller for a decent interment. The obscurity of her retreat, and the penury in which she ended a life that had led to much higher expectations, very much interested and astonished the public.

JORDAN, Thomas, a dramatic writer, in the reign of Charles I. Langbaine speaks of him as having been an actor also.

JORDANO, Luca, an eminent Italian painter, was born at Naples, in 1632, died in 1705, JORDEN, Edward.an English physician, and an author, died in 1632.

JORNANDES, a Goth, author in the time of

Justinian.

JOSSELYN, John, a native of Great Britain, who came to America in 1663, and wrote an account of New-England, &c. As a historian he is not esteemed worthy of great credit.

JOUBERT, Francis, a priest of Montpelier, confined in the Bastile, for his attachment to the Jansenists; he died in 1763.

JOUBERT, Laurence, a French physician and medical writer, born at Valence, in 1520, died in 1582.

JOUBERT,Bartholomew Catharine,a French general of great celebrity, second in command under Buonaparte in the conquest of Italy, was killed at the battle of Novi, in 1799.

JOURDAIN, Amable Brechillet, an oriental scholar, distinguished for his attainments in the study of the eastern languages, died in 1818. JOUSSE, Daniel, a French lawyer, who wrote JORTIN, Dr. John, a learned English divine some valuable works, died in 1781. and ecclesiastical historian, born in London, in JOUVENCY, Joseph, a French jesuit, pro1698, died in 1770. His chief works are, "Dis-fessor of belles-letters at Caen, and a writer, courses concerning the Truth of the Christian died in 171.

Religion;""Miscellaneous Observations upon JOUVENET, John, a French painter, whose Authors, ancient and modern ;" "Remarks pieces are esteemed, died in 1717. upon Ecc'esiastical History," "Life of Eras- JOVIANUS, Flavius Claud, a Roman empemus;" and "Remarks upon the works of Eras-ror, elected by the army after the death of Julian the Apostate, in 363 He at first refused, saying,

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