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LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 7, 1855.

OUR TWELFTH VOLUME.

IN commencing our TWELFTH VOLUME WE cannot resist giving utterance to a few words of courteous acknowledgment to all those Friends, Contributors, and Readers to whose kind assistance WE are indebted for our success. WE thank them all most heartily. And while WE venture with confidence to direct their attention to our present Number, as a proof that custom does not stale the infinite variety of our pages, WE promise them increased exertions to make "NOTES AND QUERIES" deserving of a continuance of that favour which has hitherto been so lavishly bestowed upon it. Vale.

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COPY OF THE ASSERTIO SEPTEM SACRAMENTORUM ADVERSUS LUTHERUM,' PRESENTED BY HENRY VIII. TO THE POPE IN 1521.

Evelyn, in his Diary, vol. i. p. 128. (edit. 1819), speaking of his visit to the Vatican library at Rome, Jan. 18, 1644-5, and the rarities he had seen there, after mentioning the two Virgils, the Terence, &c., adds, "what we English do much inquire after, the booke which our Hen. VIII. writ against Luther." The late editor, Mr. Bray, subjoins the following note:

"This very book, by one of those curious chances that occasionally happens, has recently been brought to England, where the editor has seen it; and, what is very remarkable, wherever the title of Defender of the Faith is subjoined to the name of Henry, the Pope has drawn his pen through the epithet. The name of the king occurs in his own handwriting, both at the beginning and end; and on the binding are the royal arms. The present possessor [Mr. Woodburn] purchased it in Italy for a few shillings from an old book-stall."

In this statement, Mr. Bray is unquestionably in error. The volume he mentions was afterwards presented by Mr. Woodburn to the Fitzwilliam Museum, at Cambridge, where I saw it in 1846, and where it is exhibited to visitors as the identical copy sent by King Henry VIII. to the Pope, which was stolen from the Vatican library during the time the French were in Italy. It is in the original binding, and signed by the King at the beginning and end, but is printed on paper, whereas the copy presented by Henry to the Pope was printed on vellum; and so far from having been "stolen from the Vatican," no doubt exists there at this moment. At all events, it was safely preserved there subsequent to my visit to the Fitzwilliam Museum, as proved by Sir George Head's account of the Vatican library in his work entitled Rome, a Tour of many Days, 8vo., 1849; in which, among "a few particular objects considered the staple curiosities of the region" (Sir

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"Anglorum Rex Henricus, Leo Decime, mittit Hoc opus, et fidei testis* et amicitiæ."" Strype, in his Memorials, vol. i. p.51. (ed. 1822), states that the presentation of the book to the Pope was brought about by the means of Cardinal Wolsey, "who procured some copies to be written in a very fine and beautiful character, and one of them to be bound up splendidly, namely, that that was to be sent especially to the Pope, and the said cardinal sent that especially to the King, for his 'liking of it, before it went." It would be desirable to know the authority of Strype for these assertions. The book itself was printed by Pynson, apud inclytam urbem Londinum, in ædibus Pynsonianis, an. MDXXI, quarto idus Julii," and from the original correspondence of Dr. John Clerk (the King's Orator at Rome) to Wolsey, preserved in the Cottonian MS. Vitellius, B. iv., two of the most important letters of which are printed by Sir H. Ellis in vol. i. pp. 257. 262. of his third series of Original Letters, it appears that no less than twenty-eight copies (apparently printed ones), each signed by the King's own hand, were forwarded to Rome, out of which number, at a private interview with the Pope, in September, 1521, Dr. Clerk delivered two copies to his Holiness, one of which was covered with cloth of gold, and at the end of this copy (not at the beginning, as stated by Sir G. Head) were two verses in the King's autograph, "wryten with a very small penne," and which, although stated by Clerk to be of the King's own composition, were in reality sent to Henry by Cardinal Wolsey, to be inserted in the Pope's copy. Five or six more copies, at the Pope's request, were sent to him by Dr. Clerk, to be delivered to sundry learned cardinals; and after the public presentation of the book to the Pope in full consistory, held on the 2nd October (the whole process of which is related by Clerk), the remaining copies were forwarded, by direction of Cardinal Wolsey, " to various regions,

*Lalande, who saw this book in the Vatican in 1765, reads (in his Voyage d'Italie, tom. iii. p. 259., 1769, by the king's own hand; a fact meant probably also to 12mo.) testem, and says that these two verses were written be expressed by the ambiguous words of Sir G. Head, quoted above.

universities, and countries, as they were addressed and ordered."

It seems therefore certain, that the copy on paper belonging formerly to Mr. Woodburn, and now in the Fitzwilliam Museum, was not the one richly bound in cloth of gold presented to the Pope, and laid up in the Vatican (where Lord Herbert of Cherbury afterwards saw it), but one of those which were given to the cardinals; and we may consequently conclude that the pen which struck out in it the title of Defender of the Faith was guided by a less infallible hand than that of the Pope. In fact, Leo X. died at the end of November, 1521, before the bull issued for the royal title had reached England; and consequently it is quite impossible he could have struck out the words Defensor Fidei in the copy presented to him.

66

This and two or three more volumes seem to have been regularly continued, and all the earlier legal transactions of the family, marriages, settlements, &c., to have been collected and enrolled.” In the York volume of the Transactions of the Archæological Institute (1848), Mr. Hailstone has printed "A true Memoriall of the Life of Lady Ann Clifford." This account he states to be taken from "a small 4to. volume containing an abstract or summary of the three great books of records kept at Skipton Castle," and was probably made by the Countess's secretary from "A Sumarie and Memoriall at the conclusion of the records in the third volume." He adds that "the MS. is in several persons' handwriting, but has not only been dictated, but corrected by the Countess, as many interlineations, and references to texts of Scripture, are made in her handwriting." ValuIt may be added, that at Bologna is still pre-able as is this paper, from the facts and dates it served one of the copies sent to foreign universities, stamped with the royal arms, and signed with the King's hand; also that two other copies printed on vellum are mentioned by Van Praet, one of which is in the Spenser library.

British Museum.

LADY ANNE CLIFFORD.

F. MADDEN.

The acceptable re-publication of a portion of Daniel's Works, by Mr. Morris of Bath, has brought afresh to our minds the poet's distinguished pupil, the Lady Anne Clifford. It is well known that this lady, having passed her sixty-third year, compiled a Diary or Memoir of her life, or what she calls"Memorables of Myself."

Nine years ago, and at a later period, we find the following amongst the list of suggested publications of the Camden Society: "The Autobiography of Anne Clifford, Countess of Pembroke, Dorset, and Montgomery, and other Records preserved in Skipton Castle. To be edited by Edward Hailstone, Esq." It will be a subject of much regret if Mr. Hailstone has abandoned this work. More than twenty years since I strongly urged that, if permission could be obr tained, the Diary of the Countess, and also that of her mother Margaret, Countess of Cumberland, if existing, should engage the attention of an editor, who would not only bring to his labours a knowledge of the eventful story of their lives, but who would treat the narrative of their joys and sorrows with genuine feeling.

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In the very last month a valued friend of mine, who adorns the judicial bench (when speaking of Daniel's Works, and of the "great Countess "), observes, "Good service would be done if some competent person were permitted to examine and print the interesting parts of her autobiography.

contains, it is rendered less interesting from being abbreviated, and written in the third person.

Mr. Craik, in his Romance of the Peerage, says that "various diaries of portions of Lady Anne's own life, as well as historical memoirs of her ancestry, drawn up by her, or under her direction, are spoken of as still existing at Skipton or Appleby;" and he adds, very truly, that "it is remarkable in how indistinct a way these manuscripts have been spoken of by almost every writer who has referred to them.' It is to this' point that I would chiefly direct the attention of your readers. The very title of the Diary, as given by different persons, varies. According to Mr. Baynes (Biog. Brit., vol. iii. p.640.) it stands thus:

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"A Summary of the Records, and a true Memorial of the Life of the Lady Anne Clifford, who by birth being | sole daughter and heir to my illustrious father, George Clifford, the third Earl of Cumberland, by his virtuous wife, Margaret Russell, my mother," &c. &c. &c., referring to her ancestry, titles, and marriages.

There is a MS. in the British Museum (Harl MS. 6177.), a folio of about 240 pages, a transcript only; it is entitled,

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"A Summary of the Lives of the Veteriponts, Cliffords, and Earls of Cumberland, and of the Lady Anne, Countess Dowager of Pembroke, &c., daughter and heir to George, Fari of Cumberland, in whom the name of the said Cliffords determined. Copied from the original MS. the 29th of December, 1737, by Henry Fisher." Mr. Hawkins informs me that it appears entire, without breaks, any marks of omissions or insertions; but where the original is lodged, or from whence this copy was taken, we are no

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Countess's Memoirs or Diaries," Mr. Craik says, "are not to be found in this transcript. Fisher is, moreover, a very ignorant and incompetent hand, and appears to have been frequently unable to read what he undertook to copy. Mr. Baynes's transcript," of which I shall presently speak, "may, however, have been made from his."*

Extracts have been given by Seward from what he terms "Memoirs of the early part of the Countess's Life, printed for the first time," but he gives no authority in confirmation of their authenticity, and they appear perfectly distinct

from Mr. Hailstone's "Memoriall."

Extracts, purporting to be taken from the Countess's Diary, have also been given by Pennant, Whitaker, and Hartley Coleridge. The last able writer says that he is mainly indebted to Dr. Whitaker for his facts. He also refers to "Sir Matthew Hale's MSS." (portions, doubtless, of the three folios), and gives us quotations in the Countess's own language. These we also find given by Baynes, but they are not in Whitaker's or Seward's Works; nor in Mr. Hailstone's transcript. When alluding to these MSS. we may refer to Roger North, who accompanied his relative the Chief Justice (afterwards Lord Keeper) on the Circuit, and visited Appleby Castle soon after the Countess's death. He speaks of her as a magnificent and learned lady." "It was said," he adds, "that Hales (sic), afterwards Chief Justice, assisted her in the perusal and methodizing

66

of her evidences and muniments, and made her fair extracts of them."

We cannot but mark the ungracious terms in which Hale's labours are alluded to both by Whitaker and Coleridge. The former, who has largely availed himself of them, coolly observes

that

"Ingenuous curiosity, and perhaps too the necessary investigation of her claims to the baronies of the family, led the Countess to compile their history; an industrious and diffuse, not always an accurate work, in which more perhaps might have been expected from the assistance of Sir Matthew Hale, who, though a languid writer, was a man of great acuteness and comprehension." — History of Craven, p. 313.

In terms not more complimentary Coleridge says:

"Lady Anne herself made a digest of the family records, with the assistance of Sir Matthew Hale. We regret to say that, from the specimen we have seen, the learned judge seems to have contrived to shed a sombre, judicial dulness over the composition. He was much more interested about the tenures, leases, and other legal antiquities, than about the wild adventures, loves, and wars of the ancient house." - Biographia Borealis, p. 243.

Did these writers expect that, whilst engaged in such a laborious and unimaginative occupation as a digest of grants and charters, "thoughts that

* Romance of the Peerage, vol. iv. p. 141. Anecdotes of some distinguished Persons, vol. iv. p. 302.

breathe and words that burn" should have burst from the excellent judge?

Gilpin mentions that he has "derived the most material part of his History of the Countess from a MS. life of Mr. Sedgwick, her secretary, written by himself. In this work Mr. Sedgwick occasionally inserts a few circumstances relating to his lady. It is a pity he had not given her the better share. His MS. is still extant in Appleby Castle." The three folios Gilpin did not see, but, when speaking of the Countess's own "Journal," he adds, "What an interesting collection of valuable anecdotes might be furnished from the incidents

of such a life!"

The original diary, he had been informed, "the late Earl of Thanet destroyed, as it contained many severe remarks on several characters of those times which the earl supposed This remight give offence to their families." * port might possibly have been circulated in order to prevent the MS. from being examined. Whitaker tells us that amidst the evidences of Skipton are several memoranda of large parcels of papers sent away by order of Thomas, Earl of Thanet. (P. 316. note.)

The friend, to whom I have already referred, states, that he saw the folio volumes as late as the year 1843; and also that "loose in one volume was a birthday letter from the Countess to her father when aged eight or nine, much like a modern valentine." In addition to the larger Diaries, Whitaker mentions an original book of accounts, filled with memoranda relative to Lady Anne's education, from 1600 to 1602," from which he has given extracts. Was this completely distinct from the other documents?

66

Pennant, who has devoted some pages to Skipton Castle, and to the Cliffords, mentions the Countess Margaret's letters as extant in manuscript, and also her diary, and that of her daughter; "the former mentions," he says, "several minutie that I omit, being only proofs of her great attention to accuracy." It is pretty clear that this last observation applies to the Lady Anne‡, not to her

mother.

The following letter in my possession, addressed to Ritson, is in manuscript, but though not published in his correspondence (1833), it may have appeared elsewhere in print. The writer, John Baynes, Esq., of Embsay, near Bolton Abbey (to whom reference has already been made), was a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. Having gained the highest honours in the university, and

* Observations on the Mountains and Lakes of Cumberland and Westmoreland, vol. ii. pp. 161. 164. t Tour in Scotland, vol. ii. p. 358.

"With a Shandean exactness, very unusual among female autobiographers in these days, Lady Anne begins her memoirs of herself nine months before her nativity, for the sake of introducing a beautiful quotation from Psalm cxxxix. 12-16."-Biographia Borealis, p. 269.

universities, and countries, as they were addressed and ordered."

It seems therefore certain, that the copy on paper belonging formerly to Mr. Woodburn, and now in the Fitzwilliam Museum, was not the one richly bound in cloth of gold presented to the Pope, and laid up in the Vatican (where Lord Herbert of Cherbury afterwards saw it), but one of those which were given to the cardinals; and we may consequently conclude that the pen which struck out in it the title of Defender of the Faith was guided by a less infallible hand than that of the Pope. In fact, Leo X. died at the end of November, 1521, before the bull issued for the royal title had reached England; and consequently it is quite impossible he could have struck out the words Defensor Fidei in the copy presented to him.

It may be added, that at Bologna is still preserved one of the copies sent to foreign universities, stamped with the royal arms, and signed with the King's hand; also that two other copies printed on vellum are mentioned by Van Praet, one of which is in the Spenser library.

British Museum.

LADY ANNE CLIFFORD.

F. MADDEN.

The acceptable re-publication of a portion of Daniel's Works, by Mr. Morris of Bath, has brought afresh to our minds the poet's distinguished pupil, the Lady Anne Clifford. It is well known that this lady, having passed her sixty-third year, compiled a Diary or Memoir of her life, or what she calls"Memorables of Myself."

Nine years ago, and at a later period, we find the following amongst the list of suggested publications of the Camden Society: "The Autobiography of Anne Clifford, Countess of Pembroke, Dorset, and Montgomery, and other Records preserved in Skipton Castle. To be edited by Edward Hailstone, Esq." It will be a subject of much regret if Mr. Hailstone has abandoned this work. More than twenty years since I strongly urged that, if permission could be ob tained, the Diary of the Countess, and also that of her mother Margaret, Countess of Cumberland, if existing, should engage the attention of an editor, who would not only bring to his labours a knowledge of the eventful story of their lives, but who would treat th narrative of their joys and sorrows with genuine feeling.

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In the very last month a valued friend of mine, who adorns the judicial bench (when speaking of Daniel's Works, and of the "great Countess"), observes, "Good service would be done if some competent person were permitted to examine and print the interesting parts of her autobiography.

This and two or three more volumes seem to have been regularly continued, and all the earlier legal transactions of the family, marriages, settlements, &c., to have been collected and enrolled." In the York volume of the Transactions of the Archæological Institute (1848), Mr. Hailstone has printed "A true Memoriall of the Life of Lady Ann Clifford." This account he states to be taken from "a small 4to. volume containing an abstract or summary of the three great books of records kept at Skipton Castle," and was probably made by the Countess's secretary from "A Sumarie and Memoriall at the conclusion of the records in the third volume." He adds that "the MS. is in several persons' handwriting, but has not only been dictated, but corrected by the Countess, as many interlineations, and references to texts of Scripture, are made in her handwriting." Valuable as is this paper, from the facts and dates it contains, it is rendered less interesting from being abbreviated, and written in the third person.

Mr. Craik, in his Romance of the Peerage, says that "various diaries of portions of Lady Anne's own life, as well as historical memoirs of her ancestry, drawn up by her, or under her direction, are spoken of as still existing at Skipton or Appleby" and he adds, very truly, that "it is remarkable in how indistinct a way these manuscripts have been spoken of by almost every writer who has referred to them.' It is to this

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point that I would chiefly direct the attention of your readers. The very title of the Diary, as given by different persons, varies. According to Mr. Baynes (Biog. Brit., vol. iii. p. 640.) it stands thus:

"A Summary of the Records, and a true Memorial of the Life of the Lady Anne Clifford, who by birth being sole daughter and heir to my illustrious father, George Clifford, the third Earl of Cumberland, by his virtuous wife, Margaret Russell, my mother," &c. &c. &c., referring to her ancestry, titles, and marriages.

There is a MS. in the British Museum (Harl. MS. 6177.), a folio of about 240 pages, a transcript only; it is entitled,

"A Summary of the Lives of the Veteriponts, Cliffords,

and Earls of Cumberland, and of the Lady Anne, Countess Dowager of Pembroke, &c., daughter and heir to George, Earl of Cumberland, in whom the name of the said Clioda determined. Copied from the original MS. the 29th of December, 1737, by Henry Fisher." Mr. Hawkins informs me that it appears entire, without breaks, any marks of omissions or insertions; but where the original is lodged, or from whence this copy was taken, we are no

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Countess's Memoirs or Diaries," Mr. Craik says, "are not to be found in this transcript. Fisher is, moreover, a very ignorant and incompetent hand, and appears to have been frequently unable to read what he undertook to copy. Mr. Baynes's transcript," of which I shall presently speak, "may, however, have been made from his." * Extracts have been given by Seward from what he terms "Memoirs of the early part of the Countess's Life, printed for the first time," but he gives no authority in confirmation of their authenticity, and they appear perfectly distinct

from Mr. Hailstone's "Memoriall."

Extracts, purporting to be taken from the Countess's Diary, have also been given by Pennant, Whitaker, and Hartley Coleridge. The last able writer says that he is mainly indebted to Dr. Whitaker for his facts. He also refers to "Sir Matthew Hale's MSS." (portions, doubtless, of the three folios), and gives us quotations in the Countess's own language. These we also find given by Baynes, but they are not in Whitaker's or Seward's Works; nor in Mr. Hailstone's transcript. When alluding to these MSS. we may refer to Roger North, who accompanied his relative the Chief Justice (afterwards Lord Keeper) on the Circuit, and visited Appleby Castle soon after the Countess's death. He speaks of her as "a magnificent and learned lady." "It was said," he adds, "that Hales (sic), afterwards Chief Justice, assisted her in the perusal and methodizing of her evidences and muniments, and made her

fair extracts of them."

We cannot but mark the ungracious terms in which Hale's labours are alluded to both by Whitaker and Coleridge. The former, who has largely availed himself of them, coolly observes

that

"Ingenuous curiosity, and perhaps too the necessary investigation of her claims to the baronies of the family, led

the Countess to compile their history; an industrious and diffuse, not always an accurate work, in which more perhaps might have been expected from the assistance of Sir Matthew Hale, who, though a languid writer, was a man of great acuteness and comprehension." - History of Craven, p. 313.

In terms not more complimentary Coleridge

says:

"Lady Anne herself made a digest of the family records, with the assistance of Sir Matthew Hale. We regret to say that, from the specimen we have seen, the learned judge seems to have contrived to shed a sombre, judicial dulness over the composition. He was much more interested about the tenures, leases, and other legal antiquities, than about the wild adventures, loves, and wars of the ancient house." - Biographia Borealis, p. 243.

Did these writers expect that, whilst engaged in such a laborious and unimaginative occupation as a digest of grants and charters, แ thoughts that

* Romance of the Peerage, vol. iv. p. 141. Anecdotes of some distinguished Persons, vol. iv. p. 302.

breathe and words that burn" should have burst from the excellent judge?

Gilpin mentions that he has "derived the most material part of his History of the Countess from a MS. life of Mr. Sedgwick, her secretary, written by himself. In this work Mr. Sedgwick occasionally inserts a few circumstances relating to his lady. It is a pity he had not given her the better share. His MS. is still extant in Appleby Castle." The three folios Gilpin did not see, but, when speaking of the Countess's own "Journal," he adds, "What an interesting collection of valuable of such a life!" The original diary, he had been anecdotes might be furnished from the incidents informed, "the late Earl of Thanet destroyed, as it contained many severe remarks on several characters of those times which the earl supposed This remight give offence to their families." * port might possibly have been circulated in order to prevent the MS. from being examined. Whitaker tells us that amidst the evidences of Skipton are several memoranda of large parcels of papers sent away by order of Thomas, Earl of Thanet. (P. 316. note.)

The friend, to whom I have already referred, states, that he saw the folio volumes as late as the year 1843; and also that "loose in one volume was a birthday letter from the Countess to her father when aged eight or nine, much like a modern valentine." In addition to the larger Diaries, Whitaker mentions an original book of accounts, filled with memoranda relative to Lady Anne's education, from 1600 to 1602," from which he has given extracts. Was this completely distinct from the other documents?

66

Pennant, who has devoted some pages to Skipton Castle, and to the Cliffords, mentions the Countess Margaret's letters as extant in manuscript, and also her diary, and that of her daughter; "the former mentions," he says, "several minutia that I omit, being only proofs of her great attention to accuracy." It is pretty clear that this last observation applies to the Lady Anne‡, not to her mother.

The following letter in my possession, addressed to Ritson, is in manuscript, but though not published in his correspondence (1833), it may have appeared elsewhere in print. The writer, John Baynes, Esq., of Embsay, near Bolton Abbey (to whom reference has already been made), was a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. Having gained the highest honours in the university, and

* Observations on the Mountains and Lakes of Cumberland and Westmoreland, vol. ii. pp. 161. 164.

Tour in Scotland, vol. ii. p. 358.

"With a Shandean exactness, very unusual among female autobiographers in these days, Lady Anne begins her memoirs of herself nine months before her nativity, for the sake of introducing a beautiful quotation from Psalm cxxxix. 12-16." -Biographia Borealis, p. 269.

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