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Window from the Church of Marcadell, at Bazas, with the Arch-Mouldings. 2. Part of the Choir and Plan of the Church at Uzeste, A.D. 1314. 3. Part of the Choir and Transept of S. Caprais, Agen. 4. Capitals from the Cloister at Moissac, A.D. 1100. 5. Moissac Abbaye Cloître. 6. Vase representing an Adventure of Perseus. 7. Heads of Missile Weapons found at Salisbury. 8. Angons. 9. Plan of Upper and Lower Warbank Fields; and of others in Keston Court Farm, Kent; showing the Site of Roman Foundations there. 10. Remains of Roman Foundations at Keston. 11, 12, 13, 14. Plates illustrative of the Interments of the Alemanni at Oberflacht in Suabia. 15. Hieroglyphic Inscriptions from Mummy unrolled at Florence. 16. Objects found in a Tumulus at Stodmarsh in Kent. 17. Silver Rings and Coins found near Worcester. 18. Plan of the Excise Office, showing the Site of the Roman Pavement discovered there in 1854. 19. Plan of the Pavement. 20. Plan of London and its vicinity to the south-east, &c. London: Sold at the Society's Apartments in Somerset House and by JOHN HENRY PARKER, 377. Strand. BOOKS FOR THE SEA-SIDE. POPULAR BRITISH SEAWEEDS: comprising all the MARINE PLANTS. By the REV. DAVID LANDSBOROUGH. Second Edition. With Twentytwo Plates by FITCH. 10s. 6d. coloured. "The book is as well executed as it is well timed. The descriptions are scientific as well as popular, and the plates are clear and explicit. It is a worthy sea-side companion a handbook for every resident on the seashore." Economist. "Profusely illustrated with specimens of the various sea-weeds, beautifully drawn and exquisitely coloured." - Sun. "Those who desire to make themselves acquainted with British sea-weeds cannot do better than begin with this elegantly illustrated manual."- Globe. BRITISH POPULAR CONCHOLOGY: containing a familiar History of the Molluscs and Shells inhabiting the British Isles. By G. B. SOWERBY, F.L.S. With Twenty Plates. 10s. 6d. coloured. 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By WILLIAM HENRY HARVEY, M.D., M.R.I.A., Keeper of the Herbarium of the University of Dublin, and Professor of Botany to the Dublin Society. The price of the work, complete, strongly bound in cloth, is as follows: £ s. d. In 3 vols. royal 8vo., arranged in order of publication - 7 12 6 In 4 vols. royal 8vo., arranged systematically according to the Synopsis 7 17 6 *** A few Copies have been printed on large paper. "The History of British Seaweeds' we can most faithfully recommend for its scientific, its pictorial, and its popular value the professed botanist will find it a work of the highest character, whilst those who desire merely to know the names and history of the lovely plants which they gather on the sea-shore, will find in it the faithful portraiture of every one of them."-Annals and Magazine of Natural History. LOVELL REEVE, Henrietta Street, LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1855. Notes. MARRYING TO SAVE LIFE. In "N. & Q.," Vol. vii., p. 84., there is an extract from the Life of Gustavus Vassa, the African, stating that at New York, in 1784, "A malefactor was to be executed on a gallows, but with a condition that if any woman, having nothing on but her shift, married the man under the gallows, his life was to be saved. This extraordinary privilege was claimed; a woman presented herself, and the marriage ceremony was performed." Vassa was a credulous self-taught negro, and, with the best intentions of telling the truth, may have been Barnumised with this apocryphal story. For it is very doubtful whether such a circumstance occurred at the time and place mentioned; though it is most probable that at some period and some places condemned criminals were pardoned in this manner; and with the view of ventilating a curious subject, I beg leave to allude to two notices of it. In the Roxburgh Ballads, there is a black-letter one, of the earlier part of the seventeenth century, entitled "A most sweet Song of an English Merchant borne at Chichester," which commences thus: "A rich merchant-man, That was both grave and wise, Did kill a man at Emden towne, Through quarrels that did rise. Through quarrels that did rise, The German hee was dead, And for the fact the merchant-man Was judg'd to lose his head." awhile "I goe, my love,' she said, In sumptuous rich array." The woodcut at the head of the ballad represents the "gallant maiden," in “ sumptuous rich array," handing the "merchant-man" down from the scaffold, evidently to the great disgust of the "gentle headsman." The other allusion to this curious custom is historical. I find it in Chastellain's Chronique des Ducs de Bourgogne, printed in that invaluable and interesting collection, Choix de Chroniques et Memoires sur l'Histoire de France, xve Siècle, Paris, 1837. It appears that in 1468, Hernoul, son of John de la Hamaide, lord of Haudion and Mainvault, cruelly murdered a citizen, because a canon, the brother of the murdered man, had given an adverse decision on a disputed point at the game of tennis. Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy and Count of Flanders, caused Hernoul to be arrested, and swore by St. George that he should die for his crime, "long or court - by the rope or axe. In spite of the most powerful intercessions, Charles adhered to his resolution, and at the time when Bruges was crowded with When on the scaffold, the merchant-man's "last visitors, to witness the arrival of Margaret of speech" "Was no sooner spoke But that, to stint his griefe, Ten goodly maids did proffer him For love to beg his life. "This is our law,' quoth they, We may your death remove, If you, in lieu of our good will, York, sister to our fourth Edward, Hernoul was led out to be executed. Chastellain, a cotemporary, and probably an eye-witness of the scene, tells us that the criminal was bound on a cart with cords, and dressed as richly as if he were going to a wedding. The cart was followed by a great crowd, and, to use the chronicler's own words,"Entr' aultres, y avoit multitude de povre folles femmes The merchant declining the good offices of the qui le sievoient, et qui crioient et ploroient pituesement maids, says to the executioner: "And now, thou man of death, Unto thy weapon stand,' 'Ah nay! another damsel cried, Mollified by the last appeal of this unfortunate damsel, the Englishman consents to live: "Then beg my life,' quoth hee, If I should seek the world for love, Did give a joyful cry, And said it had great pity been sur ly, et demandoient avoir en marriage, qui toutesfois leur fut escondit. Car n'eust-on osé, par peur du Prince, ja-soit-ce que l'on eust bien volu avoir faculté de le povoir faire; car n'y avoit cely de la loy, qui meismes ne plorast de la pité du cas." Hammersmith. W. PINKERTON. ANCIENT CHATTEL PROPERTY IN IRELAND. The following Notes afford some information relating to the prices of cattle, corn, household utensils, &c., in Ireland in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. These notes have been made from the Exchequer records of that country, upon which are to be found many enrolments calculated to throw much light upon the value of land, houses, and various kinds of merchandise and chattel property, from the time of Edward I. to a recent period. By the following entries it would appear that but little change took place in the cost of oxen, cows, sheep, and pigs, between the 8th of Edward II. and the 3rd of Henry V. The affrus, or bullock, which is valued, anno 8 Edward II., at two shillings, is appraised at the same price anno 3 Hen. V.; and the sheep appear to have been of less value in the latter than in the former reign, being appraised at fourpence instead of sixpence each. Peas and beans appear to have been cultivated to a great extent in Ireland at this early period of time, and were sent to Scotland in large quantities, together with wheat, oats, wine, and salt, during the wars between that country and England, the port at which they were received by the king's receptores stauri being that of Skymburness. It would appear also by these entries that peas and beans were then put into stacks in the same way as hay, wheat, and oats were preserved. By the first entry it is shown that the price of gold in Ireland in the year 1261-2 was ten shillings an ounce : "Alexander Bard reddit compotus de 137. 11s. 8d., de 50 uncias auri, precii unciæ, 10s.”—Pipe Roll, 46 Hen. III., co. Limerick. By the Memoranda Roll of the 8th Edward II., it appears that Richard de Clare's chattel property then consisted of (amongst other things) "xiij affros in scabie," worth 2s. each; "xxxj capita equicij," worth half a mark each; twentyeight sheep, worth 6d. each; six lambs, worth 4d. each; "tria peria ferrorum arratri,” worth 3s.; sixty-four acres of wheat, worth 4s. each; sixty-seven acres of oats, worth 4s. each; and three acres "hasti," worth 4s. each. (Rot. Mem., 8 Edw. II., mem. 12.) Amongst the goods of Sir Walter le Bret, in the county of Tipperary, I find that his 66 affros are valued at 5s. each; his "boves" at half a mark each; "septem cigni precij cujuslibet xld., sex pavones precij cujuslibet, xijd.;" the "vestura" of seventy-eight acres of wheat at 9s. each; two acres "ordei at the same price; two acres of beans, "fabarum," at 5s. an acre; nine acres of peas (pis'), at 7s. an acre; and the vesture of sixty-eight acres of oats, at 5s. an acre. (Rot. Mem., 8 Edward II., membrane 12.) 66 Amongst the chattel property of John de Boneville, anno 8 Edward II., I find "vij bobus et una vacca," worth 5s. each; quatuor affros," worth one mark; five score of sheep (oves), worth 50s.; twenty-four pigs, worth 12s.; the fifty acres of land sown with wheat, worth 4s. an acre; the "vestura" of three acres of land sown with oats, worth 9s.; "uno affro," worth half a 66 vestura of 27 pigs 160 sheep (non lactiferos) 10 affros 2 horses 4s. each price 14d. each 2s. 6d. occasion parcels of their land were valued at 4d., 5d., 6d., and 12d. an acre; 120 acres of wheat are valued at 40d. per acre, twenty-three "affros" at 28. each, twelve oxen at 40d. each, thirty sheep at 4d. each, twelve pigs at 12d. each, a water-mill at 40s., " unum missale precij," 40s., "duo gradalia," 13s. 4d. each, "unum antiphonarium," 10s., "duos formases," each worth 20s., "duas ollas eneas," 9s. each; "duas lez belles eneas," half a mark each; "et unum braserium" at half a mark; "duas plateris, quatuor discos, et novem sauseris," 4s.; "ducas calices," 13s. 4d. each; and "unum maserium quod dicitur godzerium," half a mark. JAMES F. FERGUSON. Dublin. It appears by the Memoranda Roll of 3 Hen. V., membrane 17., that a chest ("una cista") containing divers goods, namely, "una centura argenti, ad valorem," 40s.; "duo ciphi argenti precij cujuslibet ciphi," 20s.; and five marks of silver money were cast upon the sea-shore at Baldoyle, in the county of Dublin. By the same record, membrane 24, dorso, it appears that the lands and chattels of the hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Ireland, were appraised in consequence of a debt of 1127. 17s. 4 d., due by that hospital to the king, and upon this LETTER FROM CHARLES I. TO CHIEF JUSTICE НЕАТН. Having already communicated to the readers of "N. & Q." an extract or two from the papers of Sir Robert Heath, the last Chief Justice of England during the reign of Charles I., perhaps the following original paper from the same repository may not be out of place, more particularly as I can find no notice on the subject of the circuits of the judges in the pages of Clarendon, or in any other work which I have consulted on the period of the Great Rebellion. Ev. PH. SHIRLEY. Houndshill. "CHARLES R. "Trusty and welbeloved, wee greet you well. Out of our desire that justice should be duely administred in all the parts of this or kingdome to all of loving subjects, according to our knowne lawes, and according to the auncient coarse wch hath been held for our judges to ryde their circuits twice in the yeare, wee gaue speciall directions that you should hold yor summer assizes in the seuerall counties to wch you are assigned, and wee were then hopefull that the distraccōns of the tymes would not haue been any impediment unto you to performe that service. "But seeing wee are now informed that this cannot be done in many and in most places of this realme without much inconuenience to yo'selves and those who should attend you, or haue busines before you, wee are well pleased to referre it wholly to yor good discrecōns to forbeare those places whither yo'selues conceaue you may not goe with conuenient safety, and our subjects who shall want the benefitt of yor labors must excuse both us and you, and expect and pray for better tymes. Given under or signet at or Crt at Oxford, the fourth day of July in the nineteenth yeare of or raigne. [1643.] "To our trusty and welbeloved Sr Robert Heath, K, Cheife Justice of our Bench, and Justice of Assize for or Counties of Berks, Oxon., Gloucester, Monmouth, Hereford, Wygorn, Salop, and Stafford." |