efforts have been limited to the task rity, to limit the renewal of the of reviling the cause which they aban. Income and Property Tax to the doned at the bidding of their chief. period of a single year. We regard Sir James Graham has gone further. this as one of the most important He now stands in enviable proximity events of the Session; since it unwith Colonel Peyronnet Thompson, equivocally shows that the nation is who regards foreign occupation as an writhing under the pressure of this evil of less magnitude than a return to unequal impost, and has the power, Protective principles, as the defamer when it wills, to cast it off for ever. of the British army, whose swords, he We do not, however, suppose that the insinuates, would be unsheathed Whigs have any such notion. They against the people, should that people, are treating the impost as a shipin the exercise of their undoubted builder might treat a vessel which had privilege, return to Parliament a ma. been afloat for nine years, careening jority of representatives who think and coppering it afresh, preparatory differently from Cobden and his crew. to a new launch. Now, when we We hardly know which most to ad- remember that Lord John Russell has mire-the monstrous arrrogance, or given distinct notice of his intention the unblushing effrontery of the man. to propose a new Reform Bill during Did he really suppose that threats, the next Session of Parliament, the coming from such a quarter, would existence of the Income Tax, under deter any one in the exercise of his any shape whatever, becomes a matter free individual opinions ? Was he of most serious importance. What weak enough to think that his inuen- necessity there exists for an extension does could turn the scale of public of the suffrage has not yet been exjudgment; or that the electoral body plained to us, neither are we aware of throughout the kingdoms would shrink the principles upon which that act of from performing that which they extension is to be framed. It may not esteemed to be their duty, because, be intended as a last desperate effort forsooth, it pleased the Border Baro. to maintain a bad commercial system net to prophesy that no change could it may possibly be a wise and even be attempted without outbreak, temperate measure suited to the reviolence, and bloodshed ? He has quirements of the time : but as to heard his answer in the shout of in- this we can offer no opinion ; for the dignation which has rung, from one bill itself, if not also the principles end of England to the other, in reply upon which it is to be constructed, is to his mischievous menace; and we yet in embryo. But we cannot help bave little doubt that, by this time, expressing thus early our decided he is convinced-if shame can pene. conviction that the maintenance of the trate into his bosom—that the most Income Tax is incompatible with any fatal act which a statesman can com- large extension of the franchise, if the mit, with regard to his own position, rights of property within this country is to proclaim that brute force has are to be preserved. At present, an more might and majesty than the law income of £150 is chargeable with within the limits of the British terri income tax. If it is intended by any

new electoral scheme to give a preBefore concluding, we must say a ponderance of votes to those who are few words upon the position of her not so directly charged, then we say Majesty's present Ministers; and we that the promoters of such a measure shall confine our remarks simply to a are establishing a principle which, topic connected with their commer. when carried out, must inevitably cial and financial policy, leaving out lead to confiscation. We all reof view the graver question of secu- member that, in 1848, Sir Charles rity to the Protestant faith, which is Wood, with his usual intense stolidity, now occupying the attention of Par- proposed to augment the rate from liament, and elevating the character sevenpence to one shilling in the of the Irish nation, through the con- pound--a proof of what may again duct of its chosen representatives. be attempted upon any occasion of

Ministers have been at last com- emergency. Let us suppose a new pelled, by the vote of a hostile majo. Reform Bill carried, which shall have

tory,

the effect of lodging the political the minds of many, and equal justice power in the hands of those who are is no longer regarded as the grand exempt from direct taxation. An element in the distribution of national agitation rises for the removal of cus- burdens. No greater evil than this toms-duties upon articles of general can befal a country so eminently consumption, such as tea, coffee, commercial as our own. To tamper sugar, and tobacco; and the Minister with the public faith is to introduce of the day, unable to stem the torrent, the wedge of anarchy; and yet, how is forced to yield. In such a case as is it possible to deny that almost this, which may very readily be every one of Peel's fiscal and moneimagined, and which indeed is sure to tary measures have had a tendency in occur, how could the revenue be that direction, by disturbing the raised? Sir Charles Wood has already distribution of taxation, altering the shown us how - by augmenting the value of produce, and rendering the direct tax upon rated industry to an burden of monetary payments more amount equal to the defalcation. oppressive than it was before ? There is no reason whatever why We do not believe that Lord John sevenpence, or even a shilling per Russell will have the opportunity of pound, should be the limited rate. No proposing his new scheme in the tax can be more popular than a direct character of Prime Minister of this one, to which the majority of the country. Events are rapidly tending people do not contribute ; and much to their consummation; the Wbig of that powerful support which the Cabinet exists by suffrance only, and Whigs have hitherto received from in a few weeks it may be broken up. the Irish members in their financial It has served its purpose of conductpolicy, may be traced to the fact that ing the Free-Trade experiment to a Ireland has all along been exempted point, when the miserable fallacy and from the operation of this obnoxious deception of the whole system has impost. Mr Henry Grattan lately become apparent to the nation ; no declared, that Ministers might as well one interest having been left unscathattempt to levy Income Tax in Siberia ed by its noxious influence. If the as in Ireland. If so, let us by all manufacturers have rightly profited means get rid of it in Great Britain by the lesson, they must by this time also. These considerations are well be convinced that they cannot sepaworthy of attention at the present rate themselves from the interests of time. The questions of taxation and the great mass of the British people ; of representation are closely bound that their boasted independence and together, and it is in vain to attempt monopoly of the markets of the world separating the one from the other. is a vain and illusory dream ; and The frequent shifts of Sir Robert Peel, that the real prosperity of the nation and the principles of expediency can only be attained by fostering the which, in 1842, he thought fit to apply labour and protecting the industry of to taxation, have altogether unsettled the subjects of the British Crown.

INDEX TO VOL. LXIX.

Cash payments, effects of the resumption Cotton trade, state of the, 114, 383,703
of, 274.

et seq.-diminished profits of it, 707-
Catherine de Medicis, charge of sorcery effects of free trade on it, 757 et 200
against, 465.

Credit, influence of Californiangoldon, 17.
Catholic emancipation, prognostics of Crime, tables of, 1822-1849, 261.

the opponents of, 196—its failure, 574, Cristal, the Sierra de, in Cuba, 562.
575.

Cromwell, prosecutions for witchcraft
Caxton, Pisistratus, My Novel by, Part V. under, 455.

20 - Part VI. 137 - Part VII. 282– Cuba, sketches in, 555.
Part VIII. 428 — Part IX. 531 - Part CURRAN AND HIS COTEMPORABIES, 992.
X. 676.

CURRENCY EXTENSION ACT OF NATURE,
Celibacy of the clergy, when adopted by the, 1.
Popery, 247.

\Currency, influences of extended, ! -
Ceylon, proceedings in parliament re- effects of contraction of the, 3-delu-
garding, 500.

sions on, and effects of the importation
Changeling, the, by Lowell, 529.

of Californian gold on them, i97.
Charles I. opposed to trials for witch Currency bill of 1819, effects of the, 272.
craft, 458.

Curse of Kehama, strictures on the, 387,
Charles II., executions for witchcraft

390.
under, 460.

Damjanics, the Serb general, 92.
Children, employment of, in factories, 268. DANGERS OF THE COUNTRY, the, No. I.
Chorus, Greek, origin of the, 643.

our External dangers, 196-No. II.
Church of England, philanthropic efforts our Internal dangers, 257.

of the, 258-Southey's attachment to Dante, his picture of St Francis and St
the, 402.

Dominick, 318.
Cid, the Spanish romance of the, 56. Dantzic, cost of freights from, 504.
Clarke, Elizabeth, execution of, for Debt, effects of increased supply of gold
witchcraft, 458.

on the weight of, 14.
Claudia, a Hungarian tale, 90.

Delta, the Message of Seth by, 107.
Clergy, celibacy of the, when adopted Democracies, warlike tendencies of, 203
by Popery, 247.

--they unprovided against war, 200.
Cloth trade, state of the, 709.

Development, the doctrine of, 575.
Clyde, emigration from the, 277.

Direct taxation, repugnance to, 502.
Coal, produce of, in the United States, 118. Disraeli, Mr, his motion on the agricu!
Coasting trade, freights in the, 715.

tural question and its reception, 37),
Cobden on the effects of a restricted cur. 374, 491.

rency, 13 - his reception in France, Doctor, Southey's, remarks on, 388.
· 116.

Doesborcke's history of Virgil the magi-
Coffee trade, state of the, 701, 702.

cian, 453.
Coleridge, connection of, with Southey Dominican order of monks, the, 317–

and the Pantisocratic scheme, 359. their founder, 338.
Colonial Empire of Great Britain, force Doubleday, Mr, on the effects of free-
required to defend the, 208.

trade, 507.
Colonies, threatened abandonment of the, Douglas, Gawin, on the marriage of Queen

218 - outlet afforded by the, 270 Margaret and the Earl of Angus, 50-
growing alienation of the, 637.

-the Lady Margaret, birth of, 51.
Commerce, progress of, 258.

Doyle, Sir John, anecdote of, 227.
COMMERCIAL AND MANUFACTURING Pros. Drama, the Greek and the Modern, 643.
PERITY, OUR, 700.

Dramatic unities, on the, 646.
Condon, reply of Dr Wordsworth to, 576. Duelling, former prevalence of, in Ire
Confession, when adopted by Popery, land, 229 — and present, in New
248.

Orleans, 556.
Conjurors, executions, &c. of, for witch. Du Fay and Co., circulars of, on the
craft, 454.

cotton trade, 703.
Constance, the council of, denunciations Duigenan, Dr, anecdote of, 227.
of witchcraft by, 454.

Dundee, state of the linen trade of, 114,
Contioci, Andrea, the painter, 340.

759.
Corn-milling in France, 711-effects of Dunshunner, A. R. Esq., letter to, 564.
free trade on, 754 et seq.

Durer, Albert, influence of, on the Por
Cottle, Joseph, 361.

tuguese artists, 341.
- Cotton, commission to India in search Durham, the bishop of, on the papa!

of, 117–consumption of, in the United aggression, 255.
States, 118 — importation of, from Edinburgh castle, historic interest of, 45
India, 123-into the Zollverein, 124- Edinburgh Review, the, on Holland's
dependence on America for, 216-con Reminiscences, 234, 236 -- on our
sumption of, in India, 280, note.

social state, 257.

17.

Education, recent efforts for, 259. Glasgow, pauperism in, 264–on the state
Elf arrows of Scotland, the, 665.

of the population in, ib.
Egalité, Lord Holland on, 237.

Glasgow cotton-spinners, trial of the, 733.
Eird houses of Scotland, the, 664. Gold, produce of, from California, and its
Eldon, lord, 197 note, 399.

effects, 7—the supply of, from the Ural
Emancipados of Cuba, the, 562.

and Altai mountains, 11-fall in its
Emerson, the poetry of, 513.

value, 12, 199-supposed fixity of its
-Emigrant trade, the American, 127 — standard, 197.
ships employed in it, 217.

Government, undue activities of, 113.
Emigration, progressive increase of, 219, Grahame, sir James, on the protectionist

259, 276—tables of it, 1825-1849, 260 party, 369-position of, and his party,
note-how conducted, 277.

376–his speech on the agricultural
England, the poor rates of, 259—tables of question, 377 — violent language of,

crime in 1822-1849, 261 note--and of 380—his committal to free-trade, 492
pauperism, 262 note-executions for -his party, 495,761-on the prospects
witchcraft in, 456.

of agriculture, 598, 599-contrast be
Enguerrand de Marigny,execution of, 452. tween bim and Lord Stanley, 640.
Epos, Wolfe on the, 55.

Grain, importations of, from the United
Essex, the countess of, charge of witch States, 127 — dependence on foreign
craft against, 457.

states for it, 214-importations of it, ib.
Essex, the agricultural labourers in, 505. note et seq.
Europe, influence of the mines of South Gran Vasco, the Portuguese painter, 339,

America on, 2-progress of protec 340, 341.
tionist principles in, 115.

Grattan, sketch of, 229.
Evangeline, Longfellows, 521.

Great Britain, influence of contraction of
EVENING WALK, an, by T. Aird, 603. the currency on, 3-effects of an in-
EXPERIENCES OF FREE TRADE, 748.

creased supply of gold on, 13-perils
Exports, increase of the, and its causes, of war to, and its possibility, 201 et
16, 218, 258,759—to the United States, seg-recent warlike tendencies in, 204

- state of her national defences, 205–
EXTERNAL DANGERS, our, 196.

the army, 206—the navy, 207–her de
FARM, BOOK OF THE, 588.

pendence on Russia and America, 216.
Farmers, position of the, 505 et seq. Greek Epos, distinction between, and the
Fiend's Festival, a Hungarian sketch, 94. Roman, 56-drama, peculiarities of
FINE ARTS, the monastic orders as repre the, 643.

sented in the, 305—indifference to the Greek question, the, 205.
in the United States, 551.

Guadaloupe, prospects of, 555.
FLOWERS' REVENGE, the, 489.

H. G. K., the Flowers' Revenge, by, 489.
Foreman, Dr, a wizard, 457.

Hale, sir Mathew, trials for witchcraft
France, protectionist feeling, &c. in, 116 before, 460.

-fall of price of gold in, 199-warlike HARMONY OF INTERESTS, &c., review of,
tendencies of democracy in, 203— 112.
army of, 206—and navy, 207--state of HARRY BOLTON'S CURACY, 180.
the latter, 209– history of witchcraft Havana, facilities of communication from
in, 454-corn-milling in, 711.

the, 545-sketches at, 557 et seq.
Franchise, proposed extension of the, Head, sir F., account of the continental
492, 765.

armies, &c., by, 207, 209.
Franciscan order of monks, the, 317. Hendren, Dr, and Miss Talbot's case, 582.
FREE TRADE MINISTRY, latter days of the, Herodotus, character of the history of, 40,
491.

Highlands, effects of free-trade on the,
FREE TRADE, EXPERIENCES OF, 748.

126, 219.
Free trade, the increased exports not due Historians, the ancient, peculiarities of, 40,

to, 16-general review of its results, History, distinction between, and bio-
115, et seq., 274-declaration of the graphy, 40 — difficulties of writing
working classes on, 510—how carried, modern, ib.
764.

Holland, abandonment of gold as a
Free-traders, arguments of the, on the standard in, 199.

decline of shipping, 217-errors of the, HOLLAND'S FOREIGN REMINISCENCES, 234.
regarding freights, 504–allegations of Holmes' poems, review of, 529.
prosperity by the, 700.

Home trade, state of the, 757 et seq.
Freights, reduction of, 713.

Homer, Wolf on, 55.
Fricker, Miss, marriage of Southey to, 361. Hopkins, Mathew, the witchfinder, 458
Gaussin, Malle., career of, 717.

-his death, 459.
George of St Thomas, a Hungarian tale, 94. HOUSSAYE'S SKETCHES AND ESSAYS, 716.
Germany, trials of witchcraft in, 455, et Humphreys or Alexander, trial of, for
seq.

forgery, 461 et seq., 605 et seq.
VOL. LXIX.-X0. CCCCXXVIII.

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