A Monthly Magazine Devoted to the Promotion of True Culture. VOLUME IV. FROM OCTOBER, 1883, TO JULY, 1884. THEODORE L. FLOOD, D.D., Editor. THE CHAUTAUQUA PRESS, MEADVILLE, PA. COPYRIGHTED BY THEODORE L. FLOOD, IN THE Office of THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, WASHINGTON, D. C., 1883-4. Taylor, Bayard. 446. Thaxter, Celia. 447. Warner, Charles Dudley. 394. 264. AMERICANS, ECCENTRIC. C. E. Bishop. D.D. 270. ART, Readings in. 330, 384, 442, 500. Prof. A. B. Hyde, 11, 75, 142, 204, 262, ASTRONOMY OF THE HEAVENS. BANQUET TO CHAUTAUQUA TRUSTEES. CHAUTAUQUA CHILDREN'S CLASS (1883). EDITOR'S OUTLOOK : 62. 543. Willard, Pres. W. C. T. U. 81. CLIMATE SEEKING IN AMERICA. Geo. A. C. L. S. C. COURSE FOR 1884-'85. C. L. S. C. IN CANADA, The. 481. C. L. S. C. REUNION. 104. C. L. S. C. TESTIMONY. 103, 606. C. L. S. C. WORK. J. H. Vincent, D.D. COOPER INSTITUTE. J. M. Buckley, D.D. COUNCIL OF NICE, The. 581. DREAMY OLD TOWN, A. Edith Sessions C. L. S. C. an Educational Necessity, C. L. S. C. Plan, The. FRANCE, Republican Prospects in. Joseph FROM THE BALTIC TO THE ADRIATIC. GARDENING AMONG THE CHINESE. 215. GERMAN HISTORY. Rev. W. G. Wil- GERMAN LITERATURE, Extracts. From. 546. 238. Godding. 514. INTERMEDIATE NORMAL CLASS. 188 General Conference, Some Points on Greece, History of. LANDMARKS OF BOSTON. E. E. Hal LONDON PREACHERS, Some. 536. LOW SPIRITS. J. Mortimer-Granville. MAN OF LEARNING, TELL ME SOMETHING. MENDELSSOHN'S GRAVE AND HUMBOLDT'S MIGRATIONS ON FOOT. Rev. J. G. Wood, MISSIONS, Christian. 221. MONONO LAKE ASSEMBLY. 30. Warren. 29. MONTEREY ASSEMBLY. 28. October, 47. November, 112. May, 478. June, 539; Smyth. 587. STATIONERY, C. L. S. C. 103. STEEL HORSE, Our. 523. SUMMER MEETINGS AT CHAUTAUQUA. 597. PEKING, The Imperial College of. G. W. SUNBEAMS FROM THE CIRCLE. 167, 229. PHILLIPS, Wendell. Edward Everett Hale. 451. 400. SUN AND STRANGE SUNSETS, Green. 158. J. Mortimer Granville. POACHERS IN ENGLAND. Jas. Turves. 90. TALK ABOUT BOOKS. 126, 248, 314, 436, 31. MYTHOLOGY, Slavonic. A. H. Cummings. NAPOLEON'S MARSHALS. 100. PRISONERS AND PRISONS, Military. O. W. NAVAL FORCE, Our. Lieut. G. W. Mentz. PROHIBITION IN MAINE. Hon. Neal THE CHAUTAUQUAN. A MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO THE PROMOTION OF TRUE CULTURE. ORGAN OF THE CHAUTAUQUA LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC CIRCLE. VOL. IV. OCTOBER, 1883. No. 1. Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle. and to the Prosna and the Lower Niemen. The country is mountainous in the south, hilly in the center, and flat in the north, where it forms part of the great plain which takes in the whole of north-eastern Europe. The western part of this plain takes in the country between the Teutoburg Wood and the North Sea. As it passes eastward it widens till it reaches from the Erz and Riesen Mountains to the Baltic. A part of South Germany slopes toward the east, and is watered by the Danube; but the general slope of the country is toward the north. Among the rivers flowing northward are the Rhine, the Ems, the Weser, the Elbe, the Oder, and the Vistula."-Sime. "Germany has varied very much in extent at different times. Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle for 1883-4. This is due partly to the fact that it has no clearly-marked OCTOBER. GERMAN HISTORY. By REV. W. G. WILLIAMS, A. M. I. The student of history has need of divisions. By their aid alone can he hope to have command of the facts and events with which history in so large part deals. It is well therefore to begin the study of any particular history by noting such changes, such epoch-making events as may form partition walls of boxes in which may be placed our classified information. The history of Germany has been variously divided into periods by the different authors. That which we have adopted here has the sanction of the majority and will be found exceedingly natural, and hence simple and convenient. The student should memorize it thoroughly, being assured that though a very general history of itself, nevertheless it is more than many of supposed information could tell of the history of this wonderful people. DIVISION OF THE HISTORY OF THE GERMANS INTO TEN PERIODS. natural boundaries on the east and west, but chiefly to the peculiarity of its position. It is the central country of Europe. Being surrounded by most of the leading nations of the Continent, the Germans have been involved, more than any other people, in the general history of Europe. Of all their neighbors, the Scandinavians are most nearly allied to the Germans. Both are branches of the Teutonic race. But the Germans are also connected, although not so closely, with the other surrounding peoples. All, if we except the Magyars or Hungarians, who are Turanians, belong to the great Aryan family.”—Sime. "Ancient authors mention several German tribes, as well as their dwelling places, with greater or less precision. Several of them also speak of the chief tribes, among which the single septs united themselves. But their statements are not sufficiently unanimous or precise to give us that clear view which we would so willingly obtain. The origin of the Germanic nations, therefore, like that of all others, is uncertain. To assign to them a distinct historical origin is to make an assertion without evidence, though it is now indisputably established that the Teutonic dialects belong to one great family with the Latin, the Greek, the Sanscrit, and other European and Asiatic tongues. All the positive knowledge that we have of the German nations, previous to their contact with the Romans, is First-From the most ancient times to the conquests of the exceedingly vague and mere conjecture.”—Menzies. Franks, under Clovis (A. D. 486). Second-From conquests of Clovis to Charlemagne (511-768). Fourth-Henry I. to Rodolphus of Hapsburg. The Saxon, Fifth—Rodolphus I. of Hapsburg to Charles V. (1273-1520). 1789). Eighth-French Revolution to Peace of Paris (1789-1815). 1871). Tenth-From Franco-Prussian War to present time. THE PRIMITIVE POPULATIONS OF GERMANY, THEIR ORIGIN, Germany, or Deutschland, occupies a large part of Central The Romans first heard the name 'Germans' from the Celtic Gauls, in whose language it meant simply neighbors. The first notice of a Germanic tribe was given to the world by the Greek navigator Pytheas, who made a voyage to the Baltic in the year 330 B. C. Beyond the amber coast, eastward of the mouth of the Vistula, he found the Goths, of whom we hear nothing more until they appear, several centuries later, on the northern shore of the Black Sea. For more than two hundred years there is no further mention of the Germanic races; then, most unexpectedly, the Romans were called upon to make their personal acquaintance."-Bayard Taylor. "At the time of their first contact with the Romans, these Germanic tribes had lost even the tradition of their Asiatic origin. They supposed themselves to have originated upon the soil where they dwelt, sprung either from the earth or descended from the gods. According to the most popular legend, the wor-god Tuisko, or Tiu, had a son, Mannus (whence the word man is derived), who was the first human parent of the German race. Many centuries must have elapsed since their first settlement in Europe, or they could not have so completely changed |