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about, they might find them, but it proved all in vain. Himself and several boats went to Mountdesart, to see if the French ships were gone, and whether any of the enemy might be there, but to no. purpose; the ships being gone and the enemy also. They being now got several leagues to the westward of their vessels, and seeing that the way was clear for their vessels to pass; and all their extreme rowing, and travelling by land and water, night and day, to be all in vain. (The enemy having left those parts as they judged, about eight or ten days before.) And then returning to their vessels, the commander calling all his officers together, to consult and resolve what to do; concluding that the enemy, by some means or other, had received some intelligence of their being come out against them; and that they were in no necessity to come down to the sea side as yet, moose and beaver now being fat.

They then agreed to go so far east, and employ themselves, that the enemy belonging to these parts, might think [that] they were gone home. Having some discourse about going over to St. Johns. But the masters of the vessels said, [that] [they]' had as good carry them to old France, &c., which put off that design. (They concluding that the French ships were there.) Then the Major moved for going over the bay towards Lahane,* and towards the gut of Cancer,† where was another considerable fort of Indians, who often came to the assistance of our enemy, the barbarous Indians. Saying, that by the time they should return again, the enemy belonging to these parts would come down again, expecting that we were gone home. But in short, could not prevail with the masters of the open sloops to ven1 [he]

* This name is spelt Layhone in a succeeding page.

+ Properly, Canceau, and pronounced Canso. It is the strait between Cape Breton island and Novascotia connecting the Atlantic with the gulf of St. Lawrence.

ture across the bay.* [They] said [that] it was very dangerous so late in the year, and as much as their lives were worth, &c.

Then they concluded and resolved to go to Senactaca,† wherein there was a ready compliance. (But the want of their pilot, Robert Cawley, was a great damage to them, who knew all those parts.) However, Mr. John Alden, master of the brigantine Endeavour, piloted them up the bay to Senactaca. And coming to Grinstone‡ point, being not far from Senactaca, then came to, with all the vessels, and early next morning came to sail, and about sunrise got into town. But it being so late before we landed, that the enemy, most of them, made their escape. And as it happened [we] landed where the French and Indians had some time before killed Lieutenant John Paine, and several of Captain Smithson's men, that were with said Paine. They seeing our forces coming, took the opportunity, fired several guns, and so ran all into the woods, [and] carried all or most part of their goods with them. One Jarman Bridgway came running towards our forces, with a 1 [who]

* Bay of Fundy.

+This, I presume, is what is called Signecto in Gov. Dudley's instructions to Col. Church for the fifth expedition. It is since written Chignecto, and is the northern arm of the bay between Novascotia and Newbrunswick. Here the tide rises and falls 60 feet.

I suppose the reader would get over this word better, were it spelt better. But the alteration would be immaterial,

as it is the name of a place.

SThe same, I presume, who, in 1676-7, assisted Major Waldron in settling a treaty with the eastern Indians. I learn no more of him than is found in Mr. Hubbard's Nar 849, &c. Of Smithson I learn nothing.

Charlevoix, who was better acquainted with French names than our author, calls him Bourgeois. He was one of the principal inhabitants of the place. See Hist. Mas. II, 92, 93. Hutchinson, ib., says, that "Church calls him Bridgman." Perhaps he did in his despatches, but it is not so spelt in my copy.

gun in one hand, and his cartridge box in the other, [and] calling to our forces to stop, that he might speak with them. But Major Church thinking [that this] was [done] that they might have some advantage, ordered them to run on. When the said Bridgway saw [that] they would not stop, turned and ran. But the Major called unto him, and bid him stop, or he should be shot down. Some of our forces being near to the said Bridgway, said, [that] it was the General that called to him. He hearing that, stopped and turned about, laying down his gun, stood, till the Major came up to him. His desire was, that the commander would make haste with him to his house, lest the savages* should kill his father and mother, who were upward of four score years of age, and could not go. The Major asked the said Bridgway whether there were any Indians amongst them, and where they lived? He shaked his head, and said, he durst not tell, for if he did, they would take an opportunity, and kill him and his. So all that could be got out of him was, that they were run into the woods with the rest.

Then orders were given to pursue the enemy, and to kill what Indians they could find, and take the French alive, and give them quarter if they asked it.

Our forces soon took three Frenchmen, who, upon examination, said, that the Indians were all run into the woods. The French firing several guns, and ours at them. But they being better acquainted with the woods than ours, got away. The Major took the abovesaid Jarman Bridgway for a pilot, and with some of his forces went over a river, to several of their houses, but the people were gone, and [had] carried their goods with them. In ranging the woods [they] found several Indian houses, 1 [it]

* Church's savages.

their fires being just out, but no Indians. Spending that day in ranging to and fro, found considerable of their goods, and but few people. At night the Major wrote a letter, and sent out two French prisoners, wherein was signified, that if they would come in, they should have good quarters. The next day several came in, which did belong to that part of the town where our forces first landed, [and] had encouragements given them by our commander, [viz.,] that if they would assist him in taking those Indians, which belonged to those parts, they should have their goods returned to them again, and their estates should not be demnified; [but]2 they refused.* Then the Major and his forces pursued their design.†

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* What Hutchinson, II, 92, observes concerning this very severe requisition, is too just to be unnoticed. "This was a hard condition, and in effect, obliging them to quit their country; for otherwise, as soon as the English had left them without sufficient protection, the incensed Indians would have fell upon them without mercy."

† "Charlevoix says, (in Hist. Mas. II, 92, 93,) that Bourgeois produced a writing, by which Sir William Phips had given assurances of protection to the inhabitants of Chignecto, whilst they remained faithful subjects of King William; and that Church gave orders that nothing in their houses, &c., should be touched; but whilst he was entertained by Bourgeois, together with the principal officers, the rest of the army dispersed themselves among the other houses and behaved as if they had been in a conquered country." And, "that many of the inhabitants, not trusting to the promises of the General [Church] refused to come in, and that it was very well they did; for soon after he broke through all bounds, and left only the church and a few houses and barns standing; and having discovered, posted up in the church, an order of Frontenac, the Governour of Canada, for the regulation of trade, he threatened to treat them as rebels, set fire to the church, and the houses which he had spared and which were now all reduced to ashes; and having dɔne this, he presented a writing which he told them was an acknowledgement of their having renewed their subjection to King William, and would be a security to them in case any English should again land among them.." Before regarding this

And went further ranging their country, found several more houses, but the people [had] fled, and carried what they had away. But in a creek [they] found a prize bark, that was brought in there by a French privateer. In ranging the woods, took some prisoners, who upon examination gave our commander an account, that there were some Indians upon a neck of land, towards Menis.*

So a party of men was sent into those woods. In their ranging about the said neck, found some plunder, and a considerable quantity of whortleberries, both green and dry, which were gathered by the Indians. [They]1 had like to have taken two Indians; [but] by the help of a birch canoe [they] got over the river, and made their escape. Also they found two barrels of powder, and near half a bushel of bullets. The French denying [them]3 to be theirs, [and] said [that] they were the savages; but sure it might be a supply for our enemies. Also, they took from Jarman Bridgway several barrels of powder, with bullets, shot, spears and knives, and other supplies to relieve our enemies. He owned that he had been trading with those Indians along Cape Sablet shore, with Peter Assnow; and, that there he met with the French ships, and went along with them to St. Johns, and helped them to unload the said ships, and carried up the river provisions, ammunition and other goods to Vilboon's fort.‡

The Major having ranged all places that were thought proper, returned back to the place where 2 [who]

1 [and]

3 [it]

account as perfectly correct, it should be remembered that the Jesuit Charlevoix ever portrays the affairs of the French in amiable colours.

* On a basin of the east arm of the bay between Novasco tia and Newbrunswick. Morse spells the word two ways viz., Mines and Minas.

The southwest point of Novascotia.

This fort was upon the river St. Johns,

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