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THE THIRD EXPEDITION EAST.

THIS was in the year 1692. In the time of Sir William Phips'* government, Major Walley being at Boston, was requested by his excellency to treat with Major Church about going east with him. Major Walley coming home, did as desired; and to encourage the said Major Church, told him, that now

take the isle of Shoals, and no doubt had they gone they would have taken it, but having exhausted all their ammunition on this occasion, they desisted from what they designed." Magnalia, II, 530.

* Governour Phips" was a Newengland man," born at Pemmaquid, in 1650-1; being, as we are told, a younger son among twentysix children, of whom twentyone were sons. By profession he was a ship carpenter. That business he soon left; and being an industrious and persevering man, and applying himself to study, soon acquired an education competent for the discharge of common affairs, and then went to sea. On hearing of a Spanish ship's being wrecked near the Bahamas, proceeded to England, and gave so flattering an account of its value, and the practicability of obtaining it, that he was despatched in one of the King's ships in search of it; but returned without success. Yet he believed the treasure might be obtained; and soon after, the Duke of Albemarl sent him with two ships on the same business. After much excessive toil, and nearly on the point of abandoning the object, the treasure was discovered, and he succeeded in bringing from the wreck three hundred thousand pounds. But after deducting the Duke's share and the outfits, and his own great generosity to his men, he had left only sixteen thousand. He now had conferred on him the order of knighthood. In 1690 he commanded an expedition against Quebeck, but from unavoidable obstacles did not arrive until too late in the season, and was obliged to abandon the expedition. See note 1, on page 177, where some particulars are given. The King now for the first time complimented the Newengland agents with the nomination of their Governour, and they nominated Sir William Phips, and he arrived at Boston, 14 May, 1692, invested with the proper authority. In 1694, he was sent for to answer some complaints in England, but fell sick before he had his trial and died, 18 Feb. 1695. All represent him as a strictly honest and a real friend to his country. Mather, Holmes, Eliot, and Allen.

man,

was the time to have recompense for his former great expenses; saying also, that the country could not give him less than two or three hundred pounds.

So upon his excellency's request, Major Church went down to Boston, and waited upon him, who said he was glad to see him, &c. After some discourse [he] told the said Church, that he was going east, himself, and that he should be his second, and in his absence, command all the forces. And being requested by his excellency to raise what volunteers he could of his old soldiers in the county of Bristol, both English and Indians, received his commission, which is as followeth.

"Sir William Phips, Knight, Captain General and Governour in Chief, in and over his Majesty's province of the Massachusetts bay, in Newengland,

TO BENJAMIN CHURCH, Gent., Greeting.

Reposing special trust and confidence in your loyalty, courage and good conduct; I do by these presents constitute and appoint you to be Major of the several companies of militia, detached for their Majesties' service against their French and Indian enemies. You are therefore authorized and required in their Majesties' names, to discharge the duty of a Major by leading, ordering and exercising the said several companies in arms, both inferiour officers and soldiers, keeping them in good order and discipline, commanding them to obey you as their Major. And diligently to intend the said service, for the prosecuting, pursuing, killing and destroying of the said common enemy. And yourself to observe and follow such orders and directions as you shall from time to time receive from myself, according to the rules and discipline of war, pursuant to the trust reposed in you for their Majesties' service.

Given under my hand and seal at Boston, the twentyfifth day of July, 1692. In the fourth year of the reign of our sovereign Lord and Lady, William and Mary, by the grace of God, King and Queen of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, defender of the faith, &c.

WILLIAM PHIPS.

By his Excellency's command.

Isaac Addington, Secr."

Returning home to the county aforesaid, he soon raised a sufficient number of volunteers, both English and Indians, and officers suitable to command them, marched them down to Boston. But there was one thing I would just mention, which was, that Major Church, being short of money, was forced to borrow six pounds in money of Lieutenant Woodman, in Littlecompton, to distribute by a shilling, and a bit* at a time, to the Indian soldiers, who, without such allurements, would not have marched to Boston. This money Major Church put into the hands of Mr. William Fobes, who was going out [as] their commissary in that service.

[He]1 was ordered to keep a just account of what each Indian had, so that it might be deducted out of their wages at their return home. Coming to Boston, his excellency having got things in readiness, they embarked on board their transports, his excellency going in person with them; being bound to Pemaquid. But in their way stopped at Casco, and buri1 [who]

* Six pence.*

†This word is better written Pemmaquid as it was formerly pronounced, and now generally. This place is celebrated as the birth place of Sir WILLIAM PHIPS. Several places are known by this name, but are all in the same vicinity, and on the east side of Kennebeck river, and about 20 miles from its mouth. Hubbard.

ed the bones* of the dead people there, and took off the great guns that were there, then went to Pemaquid:

Coming there his excellency asked Major Church to go ashore and give his judgment about erecting a fort there? He answered, that his genius did not incline that way, he never had any value for them, being only nests for destructions. His excellency said, [that] he had a special order from their Majesties, King William and Queen Mary, to erect a fort there, &c. Then they went ashore and spent some time in the projection thereof. Then his excellency told Major Church that he might take all the forces with him, (except one company to stay with him and work about the fort.) The Major answered, that if his excellency pleased, he might keep two companies with him, and [that] he would go with the rest to Penobscot, and places adjacent. Which his excellency did, and gave Major Church his orders, which are as followeth.

“ By his excellency, SIR WILLIAM PHIPS, KNIGHT, Captain General and Governour in Chief, in and over their Majesties' province of the Massachusetts bay, in Newengland, &c.

Instructions for MAJOR BENJAMIN CHURCH.

Whereas you are Major, and so chief officer of a body of men, detached out of the militia, appointed for an expedition against the French and Indian ene

* See page 175, and note 3, where an account of the destruction of Casco is related.

This fort was called the William Henry, and was the best then in these parts of America. It was built of stone of a quadrangular figure, and about 737 feet in compass, mounting 14 (if not 18) guns. Whereof 6 were 18 pounders. About 60 men were left to man the fort. Mather, Magnalia, II, 536, 537.

Their whole force was 450 men. Ib.

my; you are duly to observe the following instruc

tions.

Imprimis. You are to take care that the worship of God be duly and constantly maintained and kept up amongst you; and to suffer no swearing, cursing, or other profanation of the holy name of God; and, as much as in you lies, to deter and hinder all other vices amongst your soldiers.

Secondly. You are to proceed, with the soldiers under your command to Penobscot, and, with what privacy, and what undiscoverable methods you can, there to land your men, and take the best measures to surprise the enemy.

Thirdly. You are, by killing, destroying, and all other means possible, to endeavour the destruction of the enemy, in pursuance whereof, being satisfied of your courage and conduct, I leave the same to your discretion.

Fourthly. You are to endeavour the taking what captives you can, either men, women or children, and the same safely to keep and convey them unto me.

Fifthly. Since it is not possible to judge how affairs may be circumstanced with you there, I shall therefore not limit your return, but leave it to your prudence, only that you make no longer stay than you can improve for advantage against the enemy, or may reasonably hope for the same.

Sixthly. You are also to take care and be very industrious by al possible means to find out and destroy all the enemy's corn, and other provisions in all places where you can come at the same.

Seventhly. You are to return from Penobscot and those eastern parts, to make all despatch hence for Kennebeck river and the places adjacent, and there prosecute all advantages against the enemy as aforesaid.

Eighthly. If any soldier, officer, or other shall be disobedient to you as their commander in chief, or other their superiour officer, or make, or cause

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