Drach-4. A new and corrected Atlas, on thirty-seven plates, consisting of maps and other engravings, to illustrate the Scripture History-and, 5. A notice of the best works treating on the Bible generally, and on each book in particular. And as M. Drach in his notes often refers to his "Letters d'un Rabbin Converti aux Israelites ses Frères" (Paris, 1825-1827, 8vo.), it will be desirable to add these letters to the work itself. An Italian translation of M. Drach's edition of the Bible de Vence was published at Milan in 1830 and following years. 15. CHAIS.-La Sainte Bible, avec un Commentaire Littéral, et des Notes choisies, tirées de divers Auteurs Anglois, &c., par Charles CHAIS. Hague, 1743-1790, 7 vols. 4to. Besides a French translation, which in general is judicious, this learned and elaborate work contains a valuable comment on the Old Testament as far as the end of the historical books. The seventh volume was posthumous, and was edited by the late Rev. Dr. Maclaine. "It is much to be regretted that the learned and pious author did not complete the whole. What he has published however, at long intervals, is excellent. His notes are chiefly taken, as he professes, from the best English commentators, to whom he gives a decided preference above the foreign, Houbigant, Calmet, &c.; all of whom he appears to have carefully studied. It may therefore be justly considered as a considerable and valuable improvement upon his predecessors, of every description, as far as it goes." (Dr. Hales.) 20. Commentarius Grammaticus, in Vetus Testamentum in usum maxime Gymnasiorum et Academiarum adornatus. Scripsit Franc. Jos. Valent. Dominicus MAURER. 3 Fasciculi forming one volume. Lipsia, 1832-1834, 8vo. This is strictly a grammatical commentary, the author of which has a strong leaning in favour of those neologian interpretations which explain the Messianic Prophecies of any one rather than the Messiah himself. Dr. Maurer has so perpetually referred his readers to the valuable Hebrew Grammars of Gesenius and Ewald that his work is of comparatively little use, except to those who (expressly in order that they may familiarize themselves with them), may happen to possess those Grammars. 21. La Sainte Bible, en Latin et en François, suivie d'un Dictionnaire Etymologique, Géographique, et Archéologique. Paris, 1828-1834, 13 tomes, 8vo. The principal recommendation of this beautifully printed but costly edition of the French Version of the Scriptures, is the Etymological, Geographical, and Archæological Dictionary, which was announced as being compiled by M. Barbier du Bocage, under whose direction an Atlas, possessing more than ordinary claims to attention on account of its accuracy, was to be designed and engraved. The version is that of De Sacy, which is printed in columns, and below it is given in smaller characters the Latin Vulgate. The first volume contains a Dissertation on the Authenticity 16. HOUBIGANT.-Caroli Francisci HOUBIGANTII Nota Cri- of the Books of the Old Testament; and to each book of Scripture tice in Universos Veteris Testamenti Libros, cum Hebriace, tum is prefixed a short preface explanatory of its contents. The work Græce scriptos. Cum integris ejusdem Prolegomenis. Franco-guished French artists, after the designs of Devéria. The thirteenth is adorned with sixty-four engravings, executed by the most distinfurti ad Monum, 1777, 2 tomis, 4to. volume contains the Chronology of the Bible, together with an index of the matters contained in the Scriptures, an explanatory Dictionary of the Hebrew, Chaldee, Syriac, and Greek names occurring therein, and an archeological and philological Dictionary of the Bible. This last is for the most part derived from Calmet's wellknown Dictionary: those articles, which are not designated by his name, have been compiled from the most recent authorities. A neat reprint of the Prolegomena and notes annexed by Houbigant to his Critical Edition and Version of the Old Testament, which has already been noticed in p. 36. of this Appendix. 17. Jo. Aug. DATHII Libri Veteris Testamenti, ex Recensione Textûs Hebræi et Versionum Antiquarum, Latine versi, notis philologicis et criticis illustrati. Hala, 1773--1789, 6 vols. 8vo. This work is in high repute on the Continent: see a notice of Dathe's Latin version in p. 32. of this Appendix. The difficult and obscure passages are illustrated by notes placed at the bottom of the page. After M. Dathe's decease, Rosenmüller edited a collection of his Opuscula ad Crisin et Interpretationem Veteris Testamenti spectantia, 8vo. Lipsia, 1795. These should be added to the above work, as they contain critical disquisitions on some ancient versions, &c. 18. Interpretatio Sacræ Scripturæ per omnes Veteris et Novi Testamenti Libros, ab Joanne Nep. ALBER, Clerico Regulari e Scholis Piis, S. Theologiæ Doctore, Linguarum Orientalium et Sacræ Scripturæ in Archiepiscopali Lyceo Professore. Pesthini [Pesth, in Hungary], 1801-1804, 16 large vols. 8vo. Though published upwards of thirty years since, this exposition was unknown, in England until the year 1827, when a few copies were imported. Professor Alber dedicated it to the clergy of the Romish church in Hungary, for whose use he undertook its compilation. There are three maps, and to each volume there is a list of numerous errata, besides a copious supplementary list in the last volume, all of which ought to be corrected before the work can be consulted. To the first volume are prefixed about fifty pages of preliminary observations on the various aids for the interpretation of Scripture, which are not characterized either by novelty or depth of information. The following is the method pursued by the author. At the beginning of each book are placed a short preface, treating on its author, and a synopsis of its contents. The text of the Latin Vulgate is then inserted and when any passage occurs which appears to be either difficult or obscure, he endeavours to elucidate it,-more in the way of exposition than of concise critical annotations. Dr. Alber professes to have consulted the various exegetical labours, both of Protestants and Romanists; and that he has endeavoured to state the various points of difference between them without asperity and with Christian candour. In this endeavour, truth requires it to be stated, that the author has succeeded. Wherever an occasion presents itself, he fails not to impugn and to refute the notions of the antisupernaturalist divines of Germany, as well as of the enemies of divine revelation. The profoundest reverence to the opinions of the fathers of the Christian church, and to the doctrinal decisions and decrees of the Romish church, pervades this exposition. 19. Libri Sacri Antiqui Fœderis ex Sermone Hebræo in Latinum translati; notatione brevi præcipuæ Lectionum et Interpretationum diversitatis addita. Auctoribus D. Henrico Augusto SCHOTT et Julio Friederico WINZER. Volumen primum. Altonæ et Lipsia, 1816, 8vo. [ii.] British Commentators on the whole Bible. 1. THE REFORMER'S BIBLE.-The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments, according to the Authorized Version; with short Notes by several learned and pious Reformers, as printed by Royal Authority at the time of the Reformation, with additional Notes and Dissertations. London, 1810, 4to. The notes on the Old Testament in this edition are reprinted from those appended to the English version of the Bible, published at Geneva by Coverdale, Sampson, and other reformers, who fled to that city during the reign of Queen Mary: whence their translation is generally known by the appellation of the Geneva Bible. An account of this is given in p. 36. of this Appendix. The annotations on the New Testament are translated from the Latin of Theodore Beza. Although in this edition the orthography is modernized, and the style has in some few instances been improved, the editor (the Rev. Thomas WEBSTER, B.D.) states that the utmost caution has been observed, that no alteration should be made in the sentiments of the reformers, whose "notes and illustrations" the late eminent Bishop Horsley (no mean judge of biblical literature) has pronounced to be "very edifying, except that in many points they savour too much of Calvinism." The notes on the Apocalypse are selected by the editor from various commentators: he has also occasionally supplied arguments to the different books of the Old and New Testaments: his dissertations on which, though concise, are sufficiently comprehensive for those readers who have not leisure to consult more expensive commentaries. A few useful maps and tables accompany the work, which is further ornamented with some neatly executed vignette engravings. 2. HALL (Bishop).-Contemplations on the Old and New Testaments. London, 1808, 2 vols. 8vo. These have been reprinted at various times and in different forms; the edition now noticed was published by the Rev. Josiah PRATT, B.D., and is very correctly printed. Bishop Hall's Contemplations are incomparably valuable for language, criticism, and devotion." (Dr. Doddridge.) The Bishop also wrote a "Paraphrastic Exposition of hard Texts," which forms the 3d and 4th vols. of Mr. Pratt's edition of his whole works. These expository notes Dr. D. pronounces to be "very valuable, especially for showing the spirit and force of many expressions that occur." They do not, however, contain much learned criticism. Most of them, if not all, are inserted in the valuable Commentary of Bp. Mant and Dr. D'Oyly, noticed below. 3. MAYER. A Commentary upon the Bible; wherein the Divers Translations and Expositions, Literall and Mysticall, of the most famous Commentators, both ancient and modern, are propounded and examined, by John MAYER. London, 1653, vols. folio. This volume comprises the Pentateuch only. With a few exceptions, the version is said to be close; and the annotations, which are very brief, are strictly confined to the indication of the princi-5 pal various lections, and of the different interpretations proposed by eminent biblical critics. The three first books were translated by Dr. Schott, and the last two by M. Winzer. This work has not been continued. 4. Annotations upon all the Books of the Old and New Tes tament: this third, above the first and second editions, so enlarged, as they make an entire Commentary on the Sacred Scripture; the like never before published in English. Wherein the text | Lamentations: printed 1728. A general discourse, p. i—xvi. is explained, doubts resolved, Scriptures paralleled, and various Isaiah, p. 1-162. Jeremiah and Lamentations, p. 1-168. readings observed; by the labour of certain learned divines therePart VIII. "An Help," &c. containing Ezechiel: printed unto appointed, and therein employed, as is expressed in the 1728. The text of Ezechiel, p. 1-178. preface. London, 1657, 2 vols. folio. This valuable work (for valuable and learned it is, considering the time when it was composed), is usually called the " ASSEMBLY'S Annotations;" from the circumstance of its having been composed by members of the Assembly of Divines who sat at Westminster during the great rebellion. The reader will find an account of its authors in Dr. Calamy's Life of Mr. Baxter, p. 86. et seq. 5. POOLE.-Annotations upon the Holy Bible, wherein the sacred text is inserted, and various readings annexed; together with the parallel Scriptures. The more difficult terms are ex-| plained; seeming contradictions reconciled; doubts resolved, and the whole text opened. By the Rev. Matthew POOLE. London, 1683, 2 vols. folio. Edinburgh, 1803, 4 vols. 4to. The Annotations are mingled with the text, and are allowed to be very judicious; the author (who was an eminent non-conformist divine wrote them only as far as the 58th chapter of Isaiah; the remainder of the notes was compiled after the same manner, by several eminent dissenting ministers. 6. CLARKE.-The Old and New Testament, with Annotations and parallel Scriptures. By Samuel CLARKE, A.M. London, 1690, folio. The selection of parallel texts is admirable; and the notes, though very brief, are written with great judgment. The work was commended in very high terms by Drs. Owen and Bates, as well as by Mr. Baxter and Mr. Howe. "It has been an excellent fund for some modern commentators, who have republished a great part of it with very little alteration." (Chalmers's Biog. Dict. vol. ix. p. 403.) This work, notwithstanding the learned author was a non-conformist, is inserted in the list of books recommended by Bishop Cleaver to the attention of the younger clergy. It is unfortunately very scarce and dear. The purchaser must be careful that he be not misled by another Bible published also in one vol. folio, in 1811, in the name of S. Clarke, in numbers; and which is a very indifferent compilation by some anonymous editor from various commentators, all of whom lived long after the time of Mr. Clarke. 7. The Rev. Dr. Edward WELLS published a Help for the Right Understanding of the Scripture, in various parts, between the years 1709 and 1728. As this useful work is not often to be met with complete, the following bibliographical notice of it is copied from the Rev. Dr. Cotton's List of Editions of the Bible and of parts thereof. (Appendix, pp. 163–165.) Wells's Paraphrase of the Old Testament. Part I. The Title, "An Help for the more easy and clear understanding of the Holy Scriptures: being the book of Genesis explained after the following method: viz. The common English Translation rendered more agreeable to the original. A paraphrase. Annotations." Oxford, printed at the Theatre, 1724. "A preface to the reader," 5 pages. "The general preface," xv pages. "A discourse of the year, &c. in use among the Jews," p. 1-91. "A Chronological Account," &c. 23 pages, not numbered. Additional notes, 6 pages, not numbered. The text, p. 1-277. A synopsis to the Pentateuch, 2 pages. Part II. Title, "An Help," &c. as before: containing Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, printed 1725. "A preface to the reader," p. i-xi. Errata, 1 leaf, not numbered. Exodus, p. 1-149. Leviticus, p. 1-86. Numbers and Deuteronomy, p. 1–236. Part III. Title, "An Help," &c. containing Joshua, Judges, and Ruth printed 1725. A preface to the reader, 11 pages. Joshua, p. 1–84. Synopsis, 1 leaf, not numbered. Judges and Ruth, p. 1-102. Part IV. "An Help," &c. containing two books of Samuel, and two of Kings: printed 1726. Preface, p. i-vi. Samuel to 1 Kings, chapter i. p. 1-182. Errata, 1 leaf, not numbered. 1 Kings, chapter ii. &c. p. 1-148. Part V. "An Help," &c. containing Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther: printed 1727. Preface to the reader, p. i-v. Chronicles, p. 1–136. Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther, p. 1-80. a continuation of Jewish history, p. 81-109. Chronological tables, 2 pages. Part VI. "An Help," &c. containing Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Canticles: printed 1727. Preface to the reader, 2 pages. Job to Psalm lx. p. 1-160. Psalm Ixi-cl. p. 1-115. Preface to Proverbs, &c. 4 pages, unnumbered. Proverbs, &c. p. 1-116. Part VII." An Help," &c. containing Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Part IX. "An Help," &c. containing Daniel: printed 1716. Dedication, 4 pages, not numbered. General preface, with a table, p. 1-10. Discourse, with four tables, p. 11-44. Daniel, p. 1-134. Synopsis, 1 leaf. Various readings, p. 137-170. N. B. This edition of Daniel was published with the New Testament: a second was printed 1728. Part X. 66 An Help," &c. containing the twelve Minor Prophets: printed 1723. General preface, p. i-v. Preface to Hosea, p. i-vi. Hosea to Obadiah, p. 1-121. Jonah to Zephaniah, p. 1-88. Haggai to the end, p. 1-77. N. B. A second edition was published in 1729, containing a preface, 2 pages. Text, p. 1-244. Paraphrase of the New Testament. Oxford, at the Theatre, 1718. Part I. "An Help," &c. containing the Gospels and Acts, discourses, p. v-xx. Chronological tables, p. xxi-xxxv. The General preface, p. i-iv. Two contents of St. Matthew and St. Mark, 5 pages, not numbered. Then follows a second title, "An Help," &c. containing the Gospels of St. Matthew and St. Mark, dated 1717. The text, P. 3-411. Part II. "An Help," &c. containing St. Luke and the Acts: dated 1719. Advertisement, &c. 6 pages. St. Luke, p. 1—225. Acts, p. 1-209. a Part III. "An Help," &c. containing St. John's Gospel : dated 1719. Advertisement, &c. 4 pages. Text, p. 1-195. Part IV. A treatise on the harmony of the four Gospels, with table. Preface, 2 pages. The treatise, p. 1-83. Part V. "The second part of an Help," &c. containing the Epistle to the Romans: dated 1711. Preface, 2 pages. Promial discourse, p. 1-24. Text, p. 1-125. A second edition was published in 1715, with a title professing the part to contain all St. Paul's Epistles. General preface, synopsis, and lists of books written by Dr. E. Wells, 6 pages, not numbered. Advertisement, &c. 2 pages. Procemial discourse, p. 1-20. Text, P. 21-145. Part VI. "An Help," &c. containing the Epistles to the Corinthians: printed 1714. Errata, 1 leaf. Text, p. 1-171. Part VII. "An Help," &c. containing the Epistles to the Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Timothy, Titus, and Philemon: printed 1715. The text, p. 1-173. Part VIII. "A specimen of an Help," &c. being the Epistles to the Thessalonians and Galatians: printed 1709. Dedication, 2 pages. Preface, 5 pages. Text, p. 1-76. N. B. In 1716 was published a second edition; the contents and pages the same. Part IX. "An Help," &c. containing the Epistle to the Hebrews: printed 1713. Preface, 2 pages. Text, p. 1-95. An Help," &c. being the Catholic Epistles: printed 1715. Advertisement, &c. 2 pages. Text, p. 1–149. Part XI. "An Help," &c. being the Revelation of St. John: printed 1717. Dedication, 2 pages. Preface, 3 pages. Table and Explanation. Text, p. 1–184. Part X. 8. PATRICK, LOWTH, WHITBY, and ARNALD'S Commentary on the Bible. London, 1727-1760, 7 vols. folio. London, 1809, 8 vols. 4to. 1821, 7 vols. 4to. Bishop PATRICK wrote the commentary on the historical and poetical books of the Old Testament, in 2 vols.; Mr. W. LowTH (father of Bishop Lowth) that on the Prophets, in one vol.; Dr. WHITSY that on the New Testament, in 2 vols. ; and Mr. ARNALD the commentary on the Apocryphal books. The four volumes of Patrick, Lowth, and Arnald, are justly valued, as containing one of the best commentaries on the Old Testament and Apocrypha which we have in the English language. As Dr. Whitby's work on the New Tes tament is very frequently found separate from the above commentators, the reader will find some account of it, infra, in the list of commentators on the New Testament. 9. HENRY.-An Exposition of the Old and New Testament, by the Rev. Matthew HENRY, folio, 5 vols. 4to. 6 vols, various Editions; also in 6 vols. 4to. London, 1827, 3 vols. imperial 8vo. London, 1828. More than a century has elapsed since this Exposition was first published. It is chiefly practical; yet, without any parade of learning, it frequently contains good explanations of diflicult passages. The numerous editions through which it has passed sufficiently attest the great estimation in which it has been held. It is perhaps the only commentary, so large, that deserves to be entirely and attentively read through. The remarkable passages should be marked: there is much to be learned in this work in a speculative, and still more in a practical way." (Dr. Doddridge.) The London | been originally published in numbers, which circumstance may quarto edition of 1811 was superintended by the Rev. Messrs. Bur-account for the paucity of copies now to be met with. der and Hughes, and is very correct. The text of this impression has been followed in the beautifully printed edition of 1827, to which is prefixed an Introductory Essay by the Rev. Edward Bickersteth. The imperial octavo edition is also beautifully printed: to the first volume is prefixed a Life of the Author, by Mr. J. B. Williams. 10. GILL-An Exposition of the Old and New Testament, in which the sense of the sacred text is given; doctrinal and practical truths are set in a plain and easy light; difficult passages explained; seeming contradictions reconciled; and whatever is material in the various readings, and the several Oriental versions, is observed. The whole illustrated by notes from the most ancient Jewish writings. By John GILL, D.D. London, 1748-1763, 9 vols. folio. London, 1809, 9 vols. 4to. In rabbinical literature Dr. Gill had no equal, and he has hence been enabled to illustrate many important passages of Scripture. But he has often spiritualized his text to absurdity. The massy volumes of Dr. Gill might almost form a class of their own, as they comprehend every method of interpretation; and sometimes, by giving to the same passage too great a variety of meanings, they Leave the weak reader to doubt whether that book can have any certain meaning, which an ingenious expositor can interpret, or rather torture in so many different ways." An occasional reference to this learned work is all, perhaps, that can be recommended. 11. PURVER.-A New and Literal Translation of all the Books of the Old and New Testaments, with Notes critical and explanatory. By Antony PURVER. London, 1764, 2 vols. folio. The author of this translation was a member of the Society of Friends or Quakers; who, under very considerable disadvantages, acquired a competent knowledge of the Hebrew and other Oriental languages, and also of the Greek. His work was published at the expense of Dr. J. Fothergill. Although it contains many improved renderings and useful notes, it "has never been highly valued, and is much less literal and much less simple than the habits of the man, and those of the religious community to which he belonged, might authorize one to expect." (Dr. A. Clarke.) See a further account in the Monthly Review (O. S.), vol. xxxii. pp. 194-205. 12. WESLEY.-Notes on the Old and New Testaments, by the Rev. J. WESLEY, M.A. Bristol, 1764, 4 vols. 4to. In consequence of the author being obliged to retrench his notes, in order to comprise the work within the prescribed limits of four volumes, "the notes on the Old Testament are allowed on all hands to be meagre and unsatisfactory. The notes on the New Testament, which have gone through several editions, are of a widely different description; though short, they are always judicious, accurate, spiritual, terse, and impressive, and possess the happy and rare quality of leading the reader immediately to God and his own heart." (Dr. A. Clarke.) The Rev. Dr. Hales pronounces these notes to be "commendable for their conciseness, and acutely pointed to the hearts and consciences of his readers;" and he mentions the notes on the Apocalypse, which are chiefly abridged from the critical and expository writings of Bengel, as being the most valuable part of Mr. Wesley's work. (Analysis of Chronology, vol. ii. pp. 1287, 1288.) The text is inserted in continuous paragraphs, the verses being thrown into the margin, and it contains several happy corrections of the received version, which are frequently cited by Mr. Granville Sharp and Dr. Hales. 13. The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments, according to the present authorized English Version, with Notes, critical, explanatory, and practical; all the marginal readings of the most approved printed copies of the Scriptures, with such others as appear to be countenanced by the Hebrew and Greek originals; a copious collection of references to parallel texts; summaries of the contents of each book and chapter, and the date of every transaction and event recorded in the Sacred Oracles, agreeably to the calculation of the most correct chronologers. By the Rev. Joseph BENSON. London, 1811-1818, 5 vols. 4to. Various subsequent editions, also in five volumes, quarto. An elaborate and very useful commentary on the Sacred Scriptures, which (independently of its practical tendency) possesses the merit of compressing into a comparatively small compass the substance of what the piety and learning of former ages have advanced, in order to facilitate the study of the Bible. Its late learned author was particularly distinguished for his critical and exact acquaintance with the Greek Testament. 14. CRUDEN. The Complete Family Bible: or a Spiritual Exposition of the Old and New Testament; wherein each chapter is summed up in its context, and the sacred text inserted at large, with Notes, spiritual, practical, and explanatory. By the Rev. Mr. CRUDEN. London, 1770, 2 vols. folio. The compiler of this indifferently executed commentary is not to be confounded with Mr. Alexander Cruden, author of the wellknown Concordance to the Holy Scriptures. It appears to have VOL. II.-Arr. 4 G 15. DODD.-A Commentary on the Books of the Old and New Testaments, in which are inserted the Notes and Collections of John Locke, Esq., Daniel Waterland, D.D., and the Right Hon. Edward Earl of Clarendon, and other learned persons, with practical improvements. By W. DODD, LL.D. London, 1770, 3 vols. folio. In the compilation of this work, Dr. Dodd availed himself liberally of the labours of Calmet, Chais, and Houbigant, besides the most eminent commentators of our own country, and the manuscript collections mentioned above. The purchaser should see that vol. i. contains a Dissertation on the Pentateuch, and vol. iii. another on the Inspiration of the New Testament; which are not unfrequently wanting, especially the first, probably from the work being origi nally published in numbers. Dr. Dodd's Commentary was reprinted a few years since by the Rev. Dr. Coke, with several retrenchments and some unimportant additions, in six handsome volumes, quarto. 16. GOADBY.-An Illustration of the Holy Scriptures by Notes and Explications on the Old and New Testaments. vols. folio. The publication of this work commenced in the year 1759, and it has been frequently reprinted. It was edited by Mr. GOADBY of Sherborne; "it contains many judicious notes:" seems to be orthodox, is written entirely on the Arian hypothesis." (Dr. A. Clarke.) The false and erroneous interpretations contained in this work were forcibly and ably exposed by the Rev. Walter Sellon, in his "Remarks upon certain passages in a work entitled an Illustration of the Holy Scriptures." London, 1765, 12mo. but while it 17. HAWEIS.-The Evangelical Expositor; or a Commentary on the Holy Bible wherein the Sacred Text is inserted at large, the sense explained, and different passages elucidated, with practical observations, &c. By T. HAWEIS, LL.B. M.D. London, 1765, 2 vols. folio. 18. WILSON (Bishop). - The Holy Bible; containing the Books of the Old and New Testaments, carefully printed from the first edition (compared with others) of the present translation: with notes by Thomas WILSON, D.D., Bishop of Sodor and Man, and various renderings, collected from other translations, by the Rev. Clement Crutwell, editor. London, 1785, 3 vols. 4to. This edition contains a translation of the apocryphal third book of Maccabees, which has not appeared in any English Bibles since Becke's edition of 1551. The text and marginal references are printed with equal beauty and correctness. "The editor has greatly increased the value of this edition by inserting in the margin different renderings of the same passage, from all the translations he could procure. He also prefixed a particular account of the several English translations of the Bible, and of their authors. The bishop's notes are only to be considered as brief hints either for the explanation or the practical improvement of particular passages. As illustrations of the text, their value is inconsiderable. (Monthly Review, O. S. vol. lxxiv. p. 297.) 19. YONGE-A Practical and Explanatory Commentary on the Holy Bible, taking the whole in one point of view, from the Creation to the End of the World. By I. YONGE. London, 1787, 4to. "The point of view in which the Scriptures are here considered, is their reference to the redemption of the world by Jesus Christ; which great event is traced through the historical and prophetical writings of the Old Testament, and the narrative and epistolary records of the New, to show that the whole has one leading object and design. This work is rather intended as a practical help to the meditations of the pious Christian, than as a critical elucidation of the sacred writings." (Monthly Review, O. S. vol. lxxviii. p. 173.) 20. SCOTT.-The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments; with original notes, practical observations, and copious marginal references. By Thomas SCOTT, Rector of Aston Sandford. London, 1822, 6 vols. 4to. Fifth and best edition, with the author's last corrections. Also in 1830, in 3 vols. imperial 8vo. Besides The first edition of this work (the constant and increasing sale of which proves the high estimation in which it is deservedly held), begun in 1788, and published in numbers, consisted of five thousand copies; the second, in 1805, of two thousand; the third, in 1810, of two thousand; the fourth, in 1812, of three thousand; and the fifth and latest edition, completed and published in 1822, is stereotyped-the largest work ever submitted to that process. these, eight other editions, consisting altogether of twenty-five thousand two hundred and fifty copies, were printed in the United States of America from 1808 to 1819; where the local and temporary prejudices, from which the writer could not escape in his own country, having less force, its value seems to have been at once acknowledged. On the last edition of this Commentary its learned author was engaged at the time of his death, and bestowed the ut most pains upon its revision, so as to render it as accurate as possible. More particularly, 1. As sundry small variations have, during 21. MACRAE.-A revised Translation and Interpretation of the Sacred Scriptures, after the Eastern manner, from concurrent authorities of critics, interpreters, and commentators, copies, and versions; showing that the inspired writings contain the seeds of the valuable sciences, being the source whence the ancient philosophers derived them, also the most ancient histories and greatest antiquities, and are the most entertaining as well as instructing to both the curious and serious. [By David MaCRAE.] Glasgow, 1799, 8vo. Second edition, 1815, 4to.; also in 3 vols. 8vo. the lapse of two centuries, crept into our common Bibles, consider-tary, brief but solid refutations of alleged contradictions, which he able pains have been taken, by the collation of different editions, could find in no other similar work extant in the English language. to exhibit an accurate copy of the sacred text according to the The edition in imperial 8vo. was superintended by the Rev. Messrs. authorized version.-2. Not only have the marginal references Josiah Pratt (sen. and jun.), upon the following plan:-the Practithroughout been revised with the utmost care, but it will be found cal Observations, as found in the stereotyped quarto editions, are that the author has inserted, in the notes, and practical observa- divided according to the portions of the text to which they belong; tions, frequent references to other parts of his Commentary. To and are printed, not as in those editions, at the foot of the page, this improvement he attached considerable importance: and its but immediately after their respective portions of the text. Headvalue will, no doubt, be felt by those readers who may bestow suf- lines of Contents are prefixed to the respective columns. The ficient pains upon the subject to enter into his design. The student Marginal References and Renderings are omitted; such excepted may be advantageously referred to the book of Proverbs for a spe- as appear to be of considerable importance, and these are intercimen of this addition to the work.-3. But the most important im- woven with the notes; various passages more strictly philological, provement which it has received, consists in the copious critical and involving Hebrew or Greek criticism, are likewise omitted. remarks which have been introduced. Many of these occur in Some remarks in the notes, of a more practical nature, have been the Old Testament, in all which the original words in Hebrew removed, and introduced, in their proper places, into the Practical characters, pointed, have been substituted for the English letters, Observations. The high estimation in which this commentary is by which they had been before expressed, wherever any thing of held in France, caused it to be translated into French. Three por the kind occurred. In the New Testament these remarks are nu- tions have appeared, comprising the Gospel of St. Matthew, the merous. Here also new authorities are adduced in support of the Acts of the Apostles, and the Epistle of St. Paul to the Romans. criticisms which had been previously made, particularly from Schleusner, to whose valuable Lexicon of the Greek Testament the author was indebted for much assistance. The critical remarks, it is also to be observed, are now uniformly carried to the end of the note, instead of being interspersed in the body of it.4. Mr. Scott had finished the actual revision of this great work nearly to the end of the Second Epistle to Timothy. The last pas sage to which he put his hand was that striking declaration of St. Paul (2 Tim. iii. 1, 2.) so applicable to the present times. Although several alterations (and some of them of considerable importance) have been made in the fifth edition, subsequent to the verse just named; yet these have not been introduced without authority, but are taken, according to the author's directions, from a copy of the fourth edition, which he read over soon after its publication, making such corrections as occurred. The critical remarks also, contained in the former edition, have been, to the close, arranged, as nearly as possible, according to the plan adopted in the preceding parts of the work. “The capital excellency of this valuable and immense undertaking, perhaps, consists in following, more closely than any other, the fair and adequate meaning of every part of Scripture, without regard to the niceties of human systems: it is, in every sense of the expression, a scriptural comment. It has likewise a further and a strong recommendation in its originality. Every part of it is thought out by the author for himself, not borrowed from others. The later editions, indeed, are enriched with brief and valuable quotations from several writers of credit-but the substance of the work is entirely his own. It is not a compilation, it is an original production, in which you have the deliberate judgment of a masculine and independent mind on all the parts of Holy Scripture. Every student will understand the value of such a work. Further, it is the comment of our age, presenting many of the last lights which history casts on the interpretation of prophecy, giving several of the remarks which sound criticism has accumulated from the different branches of sacred literature, obviating the chief objections which modern annotators have advanced against some of the distinguishing doctrines of the Gospel, and adapting the instructions of Scripture to the peculiar circumstances of the times in which we live. I may observe, also, that the faults of method and style, which considerably detract from the merit of some of his other writings, are less apparent here, where he had only to follow the order of thought in the sacred book itself; whilst all his powers and attainments had their full scope. It was the very under taking which required, less than any other, the qualifications which he did not possess, and demanded, more than any other, those in which he excelled. It required matured knowledge of Scripture, skill as a textuary, sterling honesty, a firm grasp of truth, unfeigned submission of mind to every part of the inspired records, a holy temper of heart, unparalleled diligence and perseverance: and these were the very characteristics of the man. When to these particulars it is added that he lived to superintend four editions, each enriched with much new and important matter, and had been engaged above three years in a new one, in which for the fifth time he had nearly completed a most laborious revision of the whole work, we must at least allow the extent and importance of the author's exertions. Accordingly the success of the work has been rapidly and steadily increasing from the first, not only in our own country, but wherever the English language is known. It will soon be in the hands of most careful students of the holy volume, whether, in the first instance, they agree with the author's chief sentiments or not. Nor is the time distant when, the passing controversies of the day having been forgotten, this prodigious work will generally be confessed, in the Protestant Churches, to be one of the most sound and instructive commentaries produced in our own or any other age."."-The Bishop of Calcutta's Sermons, occasioned by the death of the Rev. Thomas Scott, pp. 33-35. 98. 3d edition.) To the preceding just character of this elaborate commentary, the writer of these pages (who does not view all topics precisely in the same point of view with its late learned author) deems it an act of bare justice to state that he has never consulted it in vain on difficult passages of the Scriptures. While occupied in considering the various objections of modern infidels, he for his own satisfaction thought out every answer (if he may be allowed the expression) for himself: referring only to commentaries in questions of more than ordinary difficulty. And in every instanceespecially on the Pentateuch-he found, in Mr. Scott's Commen We have transcribed the long title of this work, in which the author has certainly succeeded in introducing very many approved renderings; but in which he has also marred exceedingly that venerable simplicity and dignity which are so eminently conspicuous in the authorized version. His explanations of different passages are included in short paraphrases, comprehended between parentheses. No sober student or critic, however, can approve of the manner in which the author has attempted to elucidate "Solomon's Allegoric Song" (as he terms it) "on the mutual love of Christ and the church, written twenty years after his Egyptian nuptials." As this work is very little known, we transcribe the first seven verses of the twelfth chapter of Ecclesiastes, containing Solomon's admirable portraiture of old age, by way of specimen :"1. Remember thy Creator in the days of youth, before the days of affliction come, and the years of old age approach, when thou shalt say, I have no pleasure in them. 2. Before the sun, and the light, and the moon, and the stars, become dark to thee, and the clouds return after rain, or one trouble come upon another. 3. When the arms) the keepers of the (corporeal) house shall shake, and the strong ones (the limbs) be feeble, and (the teeth) the grinders shall cease, as being few (and unfit for use); and they that look out at the windows (the optic nerves of the eyes) become dim; 4. And the doors be shut in the streets (the lips fall in, the teeth being gone), and the sounding of the grinding (in eating) be low; and they shall rise up at the sound of the bird (sleep being diminished, and easily broken); and all the daughters of music (the accents of the voice, and acuteness of the ear) fail. 5. They shall also be afraid of (ascending) the place which is high (being weak and breathless); and fears (of stumbling) shall be in the way; and (grey hairs like) the almond tree's leaves shall flourish; and the grasshopper shall be a burden (small matters being troublesome, as being crooked and fretful); and the desire of enjoyment shall fail; for man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go about the streets. the silver cord (the marrow of the backbone, with its root and branches) be contracted; or the golden vial (the brain's membranes) be cracked, or the pitcher be broken at the fountain (the cavities and conveyers of the blood from the heart), or the wheel be broken at the cistern (the returners of it from the lungs, liver, head, hands, and feet); the double, yea, quadruple, circulation (galal and ruts). being repeated, be interrupted and cease. 7. Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was; and the spirit shall return to God who gave it." 6. Before 22. BULKLEY.-Notes on the Bible, by the late Rev. Charles BULKLEY, published from the author's manuscript by Joshua TOULMIN, D.D. London, 1802, 3 vols. 8vo. "These notes are not so much of a philological as of an explanatory nature. They are filled with what the author considers parallel passages in the Greek and Roman classics, in which the same moral precepts and sentiments occur. Sometimes the coincidence appears to be striking; at other times, the correspondence is far from marked. There is a great mass of quotation, which world seem to answer no valuable purpose, unless to produce the belief, that a book nearly as good as the Bible might be compiled from the writings of the poets and philosophers of Greece and Rome." (Orme's Bibliotheca Biblica, p. 64.) the use of the Pulpit and of Private Families, by Joseph PRIEST23. PRIESTLEY (Dr.)-Notes on all the Books of Scripture, for LEX, LL.D. F.R.S. Northumberland (N. Am.), 1803, 4 vols. 8vo. biblical student; for, though the author "keeps his own creed' These notes are well worthy of being consulted by the advanced [modern socinianism]" continually in view, especially when considering those texts which other religious people adduce in favour of theirs, yet his work contains many invaluable notes and observations, particularly on the philosophy, natural history, geography, and chronology of the Scriptures: and to these subjects few men in Europe were better qualified to do justice." (Dr. A. Clarke, Commentary on the Bible, vol. i. p. xi.) 24. TRIMMER (Mrs.)—A Help to the Unlearned in the Study of the Holy Scriptures; being an attempt to explain the Bible in a familiar way, adapted to common apprehensions, and according to the opinions of approved Commentators. By Mrs. TRIMMER. London, 1805, 8vo. Also in 2 vols. 12mo. The benevolent authoress of this work was well known by her unwearied assiduity in promoting the welfare of the rising generation. Novelty of information she did not pretend to offer; but with out approving of every sentiment asserted in her work, it is but just to say, that it is a most useful help to the unlearned, and that the object announced in her preface has been fully accomplished; viz. -To render "the study of the Bible easy and profitable to those who have but little leisure, or who may not be able to understand expositions of Scripture, in which more learning is displayed. The endeavour of the compiler has been to explain what is difficult, as far as is necessary for Christians in general to understand it; and to direct the attention of the Bible student to such passages and texts as require particular consideration, in order to produce a rational faith, and a right practice, founded immediately upon the word of God." 25. BURDER.-The Scripture Expositor; a new Commentary, Critical and Practical, on the Holy Bible. By the Rev. Samuel BURDER, A.M. London, 1809, 2 vols. in 4 parts, 4to. One prominent object of this work, which is both critical and practical, is, to illustrate the Scriptures by the assistance of Eastern customs. The author is advantageously known by his Oriental Customs and Oriental Literature, which publications are noticed in the subsequent part of this Appendix. 26. FAWCETT.-The Devotional Family Bible; containing the Old and New Testaments, with copious notes and illustrations, partly original, and partly selected from the most approved Commentators, both ancient and modern. With a devotional exercise or aspiration at the close of every chapter, by way of improvement. By John FAWCETT, D.D. London, 1811, 2 vols. royal 4to. This work is wholly designed for family use; but the marginal renderings and parallel texts have been entirely omitted. The absence of these is inexcusable in any edition of the Bible above the size of a duodecimo volume. 27. HEWLETT.-The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testament, with the Apocrypha, with critical, philological, and Explanatory Notes. By the Rev. John HEWLETT, B.D. London, 1812, 3 vols. 4to. The typographical execution of this variorum edition of the Scriptures is singularly correct and beautiful; the parallel texts and marginal renderings are put at the foot of the text, and above the notes, which are selected with great industry. To the first volume are prefixed very copious prolegomena, containing every requisite information relative to the authenticity and inspiration of the Scriptures; the formation of the sacred Canon, MSS. and editions of the Bible, sects, &c., with a variety of useful tables; and to the third volume is prefixed a compendious history of the Jews, from their restoration to Judæa, to the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans; the whole forming a connection between the history of the Old and New Testament; and the work is terminated by three useful indexes. There are, however, some discrepancies in the notes, which are stated and animadverted upon in an ably conducted critical journal. (See British Critic, New Series, vol. ii. pp. 339. et seq.) Several of Mr. Hewlett's notes are elaborate critical disquisitions on important topics. Copies of this work may be purchased with maps, and numerous well executed engravings, after pictures by the most celebrated painters. In 1816, an edition of the notes, &c. was published without the text, entitled "Commentaries and Disquisitions on the Holy Scriptures," in 5 vols. 8vo., which may frequently be obtained at a very low price. 28. D'OrLY and MANT.-The Holy Bible according to the Authorized Version, with Notes explanatory and practical; taken principally from the most eminent writers of the United Church of England and Ireland; together with appropriate introductions, tables, indexes, maps, and plans, prepared and arranged by the Rev. G. D'OYLY, B.D. (now D.D.), and the Rev. Richard MANT, D.D. (now Bishop of Down and Connor). Oxford and London, 1814, 3 vols. 4to., and various subsequent editions printed at Cambridge and Oxford. New York, 1818-20, 2 vols. 4to. This work, which is published under the sanction of the venerable Society for promoting Christian Knowledge, professes to communicate only the result of the critical inquiries of learned men, without giving a detailed exposition of the inquiries themselves. These results, however, are selected with great judgment, so that the reader who may consult them on difficult passages will | rarely be disappointed. Of the labour attending this publication some idea may be formed, when it is stated that the works of upwards of one hundred and sixty authors have been consulted for it, amounting to several hundred volumes. On the fundamental articles of Christian verity, the Deity and atonement of Jesus Christ, and the personality and offices of the Holy Spirit,-this work may be pronounced to be a library of divinity. The maps spirit. An index of matters is subjoined. There is a useful conand engravings, though only outlines, are executed with much cordance in 4to., edited by the Rev. T. W. Bellamy, B.D., which is usually bound up with this commentary: and in the year 1818, the Rev. Dr. Wilson published another index, which is much more complete than that annexed to the work; and the student who can meet with it will do well to purchase it. The reprint at New York, which is very neatly executed in two large quarto volumes, Protestant Episcopal Church in the State of New York; who has was edited by the Rt. Rev. John Henry Hobart, D.D., Bishop of the greatly enhanced the value of this work by numerous additional notes, selected from the writings of upwards of thirty of the most eminent divines (not noticed by the Drs. Mant and D'Oyly), whose taken from their writings. Among the authors thus consulted are names are a sufficient pledge for the orthodoxy of the annotations Bishops Brown, Law, Leng, Mant, Middleton, and Van Mildert, of and Bps. Seabury and White, of the Protestant Episcopal Church the Anglican Church; Bp. Gleig, of the Scottish Episcopal Church; Rev. Drs. Nott, Rennel, William Sherlock, Spry, Wordsworth, in the United States of America; Archdeacons Pott and Daubeny, A. Clarke, Scott, Allestree and Bisse, &c. &c. Many other notes are likewise selected from several of the authors cited by Bp. Mant and Dr. D'Oyly. Bp. Hobart's additional notes are twofold; 1. Critical and Explanatory; and, 2. Practical. The latter are most numerous, and are calculated greatly to increase the value of this Commentary as a FAMILY BIBLE. 28*. The Plain Reader's Help in the Study of the Holy Scriptures; consisting of Notes, explanatory and illustrative, chiefly selected or abridged from the Family Bible published by the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge. By the Rev. William Thomas BREE, M.A. Coventry, 1821-22. In two parts, forming one volume in small quarto. Although the greater part of the present volume is extracted or abridged from the preceding work, the editor has not confined himself exclusively to it. He has given some notes, which, though they do not occur in the Family Bible, are yet extracted from the same authors to whom Bp. Mant and Dr. D'Oyly had recourse in their compilation. Besides these, the editor has occasionally added a few notes of his own; and he has further availed himself of such notes in Sir John Bailey's edition of the book of Common Prayer, as suited his purpose. The editor's aim has been, to comprise within the space of a cheap and moderately sized volume a collection of notes on the Holy Scriptures, adapted to the capacity of ordinary readers, and designed for the benefit of such as have it not in their power to procure or consult larger works. This cheap and unpretending work, which is very little known, is neatly printed on two sorts of paper, in order to accommodate every class of purchasers. and New Testaments: the Text carefully printed from the most 29. CLARKE (Dr. A.)-The Holy Bible, containing the Old correct copies of the present authorized translation, including the marginal readings and parallel texts; with a Commentary and Critical Notes, designed as a help to a better understanding of the Sacred Writings. By Adam CLARKE, LL.D. F.A.S. London, 1810-1826, 8 vols. 4to. A new edition, revised and improved, 1833-34, in five volumes, royal 8vo. also in quarto. The commentary on the New Testament fills three volumes of this elaborate work: the remainder is devoted to the elucidation of the Old Testament. In this commentary, Dr. Clarke states, that the whole of the text has been collated with the Hebrew and Greek originals, and all the ancient versions: "the most difficult words are analyzed and explained; the most important readings in the collections of Kennicott and De Rossi on the Old Testament, and in those of Mill, Wetstein, and Griesbach, on the New, are noticed; the date of every transaction, as far as it has been ascertained by the best chronologers, is marked; the peculiar customs of the Jews and neighbouring nations, so frequently alluded to by the prophets, thorities; the great doctrines of the Law and Gospel of God are evangelists, and apostles, are explained from the best Asiatic audefined, illustrated, and defended; and the whole is applied to the important purposes of practical Christianity." The work concludes with a copious index, and a selection of important various Readings of the New Testament, from ten ancient MSS. The literary world to Dr. Clarke for the light he has thrown on many very difficult in general, and biblical students in particular, are greatly indebted passages. The royal 8vo. edition was revised throughout, and prepared by the learned author for the press, before his decease. It is a cheap and very beautifully printed work. 30. THOMSON.-The Old Covenant, commonly called the Old Testament, translated from the Septuagint.-The New Covenant, commonly called the New Testament, translated from the Greek. By Charles THOMSON, late Secretary to the Congress of the United States. Philadelphia, 1808, 4 vols. 8vo. |