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evacuation of Egypt by the French-News of this event

first received at Paris-Negotiations for peace-Prelimina-

ries signed in London Conditions of the treaty-Lord

Cornwallis sent to France-Definitive treaty signed at

Amiens-The Peace popular in England-Reflections on

the consequences of the war-Failure of its principal

objects-The war beneficial, on the whole, to Great Bri-

tain-Terms of peace highly favourable to France- Mr.

Pitt defends the peace in Parliament-The Opposition

approve it-Mr. Windham condemns it-His able delinea-

tion of the spirit of the French government-Difference

of opinion, on the subject of peace, between Mr. Pitt

and his friends, and the Members of the Portland-Party—

Probable influence of that difference on Mr. Pitt's resigna-

tion-Debates on the peace-establishment--Mr. Pitt con-

tends for the necessity of a powerful and extensive establish-

ment-Mr. Fox defends the propriety of an ordinary

establishment-Mr. Whitbread attacks the public character

of Mr. Pitt-Is silenced by Mr. Pitt-Sir Francis Burdett

makes a similar attack—Mr. Pitt defended by Lord Tem-

ple-Memorable speech of Mr. Archdall, on the same

side-The Baronet's motion rejected by 246 votes against

39-Mr. John Nicholls moves a vote of thanks to the

King for dismissing Ministers, whom his Majesty had not

dismissed-Amendment moved by Lord Belgrave, con-

verting the proposed vote of censure on the late Ministry

into a vote of thanks-Opposed by Mr. Fox, Mr. Erskine,

and Mr. Grey-Supported by Sir Henry Mildmay,

Mr. Wilberforce, and Mr. S. Thornton-Sir Robert

Peel's speech in praise of Mr. Pitt-Amendment carried

by a great majority-Separate vote of thanks to Mr. Pitt-

proposed by Sir Henry Mildmay, carried by 211 votes

against 52-Commemoration of Mr. Pitt's Birth-Hostile

disposition of Buonaparté-Extension of his power on the

continent-He complains of the licentiousness of the Bri-

tish Press-Betrays a gross ignorance of the laws and con-

stitution of England-Judicious answer of Lord Hawkes-

bury to the complaints of the French Consul-Concilia-

tory disposition of the British Cabinet-Trial of Peltier

for a libel on Buonaparté-Animadversions on certain doc-

trines advanced on that trial-Insolent conduct of Buona-

parté to Lord Whitworth, the British Ambassador-Dis-

pute relating to the restoration of Malta-Aggressive pro-

jects of Buonaparté-Lord Whitworth recalled-War

declared.

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Fallacy of Mr. Addington's hopes of the permanence of the

Peace of Amiens-Motives of Mr. Pitt's approbation of

the Peace-He supports the Ministers on the renewal of

hostilities-Different opinions respecting the War-Ex-

amination of the arguments on that subject-Mr. Pitt's

Speech on the War-He enforces the necessity of vigor-

ous measures as the only efficient means of defeating the

designs of the enemy-Deprecates the adoption of a weak

and timid system of policy-The Ministers neglect to fol-

low his advice-Different qualifications necessary for a

SPEAKER and a PREMIER, a Naval Commander, and a

First Lord of the Admiralty-Colonel Patten's motion of

eensure Mr. Pitt moves the previous question- His

conduct on this occasion blamed by both parties-Justi-

fication of that conduct, and of the principles by which

he was uniformly actuated, when out of place-His Speech

on the means of national defence- Reproves Ministers

for their inefficiency-Moves for papers, with a view to

an Inquiry into the criminal neglect of the Admiralty-

Proves the existence of a torpid inactivity in that Board—

His motion opposed by Ministers-Mr. Sheridan accuses

him of "factious and party motives ;" and pronounces

a panegyric on Lord St. Vincent-Instances of gross igno-

rance and imprudence in the Board of Admiralty-Mr.

Sheridan compares Lord St. Vincent with the late Lord

Chatham-Injustice and folly of the comparison shown-

Mr. Pitt extols the naval character of Lord St. Vincent-

His reply to Mr. Sheridan-He proves the reduced state

of the Navy since the Peace of Amiens- His motion

rejected by the House- Weakness of Mr. Addington's

Administration becomes more and more evident- The

Premier makes overtures to Mr. Pitt-Mr. Pitt refuses to

come into power without his former Colleagues- Mr.

Addington refusing to admit Lord Grenville into the

Cabinet, the negotiation is broken off-Change of con-

duct in Mr. Addington after this fruitless attempt-Mr.

Fox's motion on the military state of the nation-Sup-

ported by Mr. Pitt—Mr. Pitt differs from Mr. Fox on the

power of the King to call his subjects to arms in the case

of invasion-Thoughts on this subject-Mr. Fox's motion

rejected by a majority of fifty-two- Another debate on

the same subject-Majority in favour of the Minister

only thirty-seven- Mr. Addington resigns- The King

commands Mr. Pitt to form a new Ministry-The Gren-

ville party refuse to come into power without Mr. Fox-

Mr. Pitt presses his Majesty to admit Mr. Fox into the

Cabinet, but is unable to remove his Majesty's objections

-Letter from Lord Grenville to Mr. Pitt-Examination

of the arguments urged in that letter-The King's objec-

tion investigated, and proved to be valid-Reflections on

the conduct of Lord Grenville-Probable consequences

of a Cabinet formed on the latitudinarian principle ad-

vanced by his Lordship-The new Ministry-State of the

country on Mr. Pitt's return to power-State of the Con-

tinent-Murder of the Duke D'Enghien-It excites great

disgust in France- Spirited remonstrance of Russia and

Sweden on the subject-Base conduct of Prussia, and

of the Princes of Germany-Buonaparté assumes the title

of Emperor of the French- Cowardice of the Pope in

crowning the murderer of the Duke D'Enghien- Mili-

tary measures proposed by Mr. Pitt-Discussions in the

House of Commons-The Minister's plan carried by a

small majority-Mr. Sheridan's Speech-Declares party-

contentions to be objects of greater importance than the

means of national defence-Mr. Grey obtains a majority

in the House of Commons by a party-manœuvre-Mr.

Stanhope pronounces such conduct to be "disgraceful and

contemptible."-Inconsistency of the Speaker Mr. She-

ridan disinterestedly calls on Mr. Pitt to resign-Mr. Pitt

refuses to obey the call, and pledges himself to retain his

place-Retrospective view of Irish affairs-Insurrection

of the twenty-third of July, 1803-Committee of Papists

in Dublin-Meeting of the Corporation of Dublin-

Resolutions passed against the Catholic Petition-Reflec-

tions on the conduct of the Viceroy in dismissing Mr.

John Giffard, for moving these resolutions-War with

Spain-Debates on the subject in the House of Com-

mons-Mr. Pitt's Speech-He proposes resolutions approv-

ing the conduct of Ministers, which are carried by three

hundred and three votes against one hundred and six-

Mr. Sheridan's motion for the repeal of the additional

Force Act- Mr. Pitt answers him- False statement of

Mr. Sheridan corrected-His motion lost-Petition of the

Irish Papists for Emancipation-Intended to harass the

Minister-Speech of Lord Limerick in the House of

Lords-His Lordship asserts, that the Papists were goaded

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on by the English Opposition to present their petition-

Mr. Fox supports the petition in the Commons-Is most

ably answered by Dr. Duigenan-Mr. Grattan's speech-

Animadversions on the doctrine of Dr. Milner, a Papist

prelate, quoted, and approved by Dr. Lawrence-Mr. Pitt

opposes the motion-Acknowledges the influence of the

Romish Priests in exciting rebellion in Ireland-Suggests

the propriety of making such Priests supendiaries of the

state-Declares the sense of the nation to be decidedly

against the prayer of the petition Sir George Hilt

reprobates the petition as " a mere party-trick."-Motion

rejected by three hundred and thirty-six votes against one

hundred and twenty-four-Mr. Whitbread's motion against

Mr. Pitt for advancing money to Boyd and Benfield—

Negatived by the House-Lord Melville exposes the mis-

conduct of the Admiralty in the House of Lords-Pro-

ceedings against his Lordship in the Commons-Impeach-

ment of his Lordship-His acquittal by the Peers-Reflec-

tions on this proceeding; particularly on the conduct of

the House of Commons, in condemning his Lordship

without hearing him in his own defence, and in punish-

ing him before he was tried-Examination of the con-

stitutional powers of the House on judicial questions-

Honourable conduct of Mr. Pitt on this occasion-Pro-

priety of the Speaker's vote questioned-Mr. Addington

created Viscount Sidmouth, and made Lord President of

the Council-He demands of Mr. Pitt the office of First

Lord of the Admiralty for his friend, Lord Buckingham-

shire-Mr. Pitt refuses, and Lords Sidmouth and Buck-

inghamshire send in their resignations-On reflection they

recal this hasty step-They again resign their places, and

their resignations are accepted-Declining state of Mr.

Pitt's health- Continental affairs- Wise and vigorous

policy of Russia-Buonaparté crowned King of Italy-

Renewal of hostilities in Germany-Surrender of Ulm-

Battle of Austerlitz-Peace of Presburgh-Naval victory

off Trafalgar-Death of Lord Nelson-Brilliant Admi-

nistration of Marquis Wellesley in the East-Mr. Pitt

repairs to Bath-Returns to Putney-His last illness--

His death and character- Public honours paid to his

memory-The House of Commons pass a vote for the

payment of his debts.

THE

POLITICAL

LIFE OF MR. PITT.

CHAPTER XLII.

Effects of the Victory of the Nile--- Confidence in the Minister increased--- Lenient measures of Lord Cornwallis, the new Viceroy of Ireland, carried to excess--- Peace of the Country still disturbed by the Rebels--Address to the Viceroy, complimenting him at the expence of his Predecessor---Prudent conduct of Lord Cornwallis on the occasion--- His Speech on the prorogation of Parliament in 1798---Justly characterizes the late Rebellion--- Praises the vigorous policy of Lord Camden---Ascribes the fury of the Rebels to religious motives--- Continental affairs--Spirited Manifesto of the Porte---Acknowledges the vast importance of the victory in the Mediterranean--Unfolds the spirit of French policy with equal force, ability, and truth---The Turks make active preparations for war--- Favourable disposition of the Northern powers -- Foreign policy of Mr. Pitt at this conjuncture--Endeavours to form a new Confederacy against France--Treaty concluded with the Emperor of Russia---French affairs---Continuance of the Reign of Terror---Severity of Military Conscriptions--- False account of the Battle of the Nile in a French official paper---The Directory VOL. VI.

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