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collections of saline productions figured upon the walls; numerous inscriptions; and, finally, crosses drawn upon these same walls; this is what we saw.

Emerging from this delirium to the light, I wished to ascend the highest pyramid, and arrived at the top; I appeared to touch the stars: I remained there the whole night, which was the best of my life. Forty centuries had been silent under my feet, whilst I was pondering on the cause and effects of the creation.

The following morning the rising Sun illumined me, which shone with a pomp never dreamt of either by painter or by poet.

From this place I wrote to you, to Dionigi, Morghen, Bartolomei, Pindemonte, Morichili, Ferroni, Vacea, Scarpellini, Camellieri, Delfico, to the Cardinal Gonzalvi, to the Chevalier Fossombroni, and to other lights and souls of my country.

I have scarcely mentioned to you the celebrated woman of Mizraim; she has been a prey to all the scourges of time, so that we can only write upon her remains, "there was Memphis."

Turning from the pyramids, I entered into Grand Cairo, and thence down to Alexandria, in order to expedite to you the plan of my researches: for you and the Regent of England were the first to second my efforts.

During the above mentioned period, I went to pay homage to the man who governs Egypt, worthy of being inserted in the pages of history by the side of Moris and Menes, or with Euergetes and Ptolemy, sons of Lagos.

Returning to Grand Cario, I repaired to Asia: and, plunging into the deserts of Etam and those of Kedar, I saw on one side Pharaw, and on the other Casiotis, which includes in its bosom the bones of the great Roman yet unrevenged.

As I left Egypt, which was deserting me, I was reminded of what Amru wrote to the great Omar, who was desirous of having a picture of that country: "O prince of the Faithful, it is a vast and arid desert, with a river in the middle, which is attended in its course by two opposite hills, the borders of the ground rendered fertile by that flood so blessed by heaven." Most just is the picture, and in that too which afterwards follows.

Continuing my route I passed the isthmus of Suez, and the fragments of Rinocerura, Rapha, and Agrippiades, and leaving behind me Bezor, I comforted my weary eye with the olives of Gerara, the happy land of the Philistines.

Departing from Gaza I went to Beersheba, to Sorek, upon the borders of which lived Dalilah, to Timnath, and Gabatha, known already by the feats of Samson; and getting out of the way of the tribe of Simeon, I advanced into the mounts of Judah and Benjamin, arriving by the plain of Boaz at Jerusalem, in the very time of the Greeks demanding from Heaven their sacred fire.

At the view of the Hill of Sion and Mount of Olives, at the appearance of the city, I felt both as a christain and as a philosopher, touched by an hitherto unfelt emotion, which, somewhat retarding my steps, covered my heart with pleasing melancholy, and my mind with incessant meditation. Oh! what a difference between the imagination and the reality.

Having reverenced those places which record the beginning of the best religion in the world, I contemplated with indescribable transport, the Tower of David, the Temple of Solomon, the Palace of Herod, the Fountain and the Pool of Siloah, the Sheeppool, and that of Beersheba, the Kedron, the Golden Gate, the well of Nehemiah, which concealed the true fiery element, the Mount of Offence, and that of Scandal, with the Valley of Tophet, where the priests of Israel sacrificed human victims to Moloch; the Sepulchre of Manasseh in the garden of Uzza, the sepulchres of the kings, and those of Absalom, of Jehosaphat, of Zachariah, son of Barachiah; the only architectural objects I thought worthy of you amongst the modern antiquities of the Hebrews.

You are never satiated with delight over the ruins of Jerusalem; and, taking the advantage of a company of pilgrims, I went with them to Bahurim, whence Shimei threw stones at the Psalmist, in Adummim, or Place of Blood, to the fountain of Elijah, to Jericho, which no longer gives odour to the chaste flower, down to Gilgal; I purified myself in the Jordan at Bethabara, where John baptized. Before me were Reuben and Gad, with the plains of Moab, and the Land of the Ammorites.

Amongst the crowd of pilgrims were distinguished the Britons, Bengs, Mangles, Irby, Legh, and the exemplary companion of the Italian Belzoni.

Returning to Jerusalem, I was present at the tragic quarrel which occurred between the Greeks and Latins, near the tomb of Jesus Christ. I wrote to the hero of the pontificate, exhorting him to interfere, in order, that, in future, such scandalous occur. rences might not happen.

I then undertook another journey, and the places I saw were the

Valley of the Giants, the Lands of Jacob, the sepulchre of Rachel, near Ramah, the Cistern of David, Bethlehem, a smiling town of Judea, the Villa of the closed Garden, the Sealed Fountain, and the vessels of Solomon; the Hills of Engeddi, Tema, the country of Almos; and Giloh, country of Ahitophel; the Grottos of Adullam, and the wood of Ziph, where the successor of Saul, David, often hid himself; the valley of Mamre, the field of Damascus ; whence re-proceeding, the vale of Terebinthus, fatal to Goliah, and the surrounding places renowned by the nativity and abstinence of the precursor. Lastly, I saw Bethany.

Having drawn from the library and the archives of the friars what I thought of service to my purpose, I bid adieu to the daughter of Sion, and by the Pool of Gibeon, Beth-horon, Succoth the Valley of Rephaim, Azekah, Emmaus, Anathoth, the country of Jeremiah placed against Modin, the glory of the Maccabees, and by Aramathea, passing Sharon, I stopped at Joppa, which still boasts of its rocks warm with the tears of Andromeda. Here arrived the Tyrian ships, bearing the precious stones and purple which the son of Abibal sent to the sapient king, and here, too, daily arrives the pilgrim, led from afar to pay the vow.

From Joppa I went by the shore to Ekron, Ashdod, which kept the ark a prisoner, to Ashkalon, now destroyed, and having returned to Joppa, I ascended the inheritence of Ephraim to the Sepulchres of Benjamin and Simeon; to Sichem, whence we mounted Ebal and Gerezzim, to the well of Jacob, and the Sepulchre of Joseph; and meeting with the Abbe de Mazure, a warm panegyrist of France, and measurer of Judea I went with him to Siloa, upon the road that leads from Jerusalem to Neapolis.

Neapolis, or Napolosa, lies upon the ruins of Sichem, and here, returning from Siloa, I found the ancient Samaritans, or Cuteans, who were praying from error, by a well, believed to be Jacob's. I taught them the truth, which doctrine excited against me no small disturbance; so far, that the said Samaritans, thinking me one of their brethren, wished by all means, to retain me in the country; and what is more singular exacted that I should promise marriage to a woman of their sect.

The christians of Napolosa took up my defence; whence, getting off at my own hazard, foreseeing the favour of the former, I took shelter in Samaria, where there is no vestige of the importunate Samaritans. I wrote to you, that, with the exception of some columns, there is nothing interesting in Sebaste.

On leaving Samaria the tribe of Issachar presented themselves to me in Galilee, with the fountain of Israel, and plain of Esdraelon, over which the eye cannot reach; Endor, at the foot of the second Hermon, known by the victory of Deborah and Barak. Sophos, the native place of James and of the friend of his master; Cana, the country of Simon and Nathaniel; Tabor, terminating with Heaven; beautiful ports of Zabulon; Bethsaida, the country of Peter and Andrew on the shores of that water, abundant in the deeds of the Divine Instructor of virtue.

Returned to Tiberias, I undertook the analyssis of those mineral waters, and in the city where lives, in retired delight, that deserving member of society, the noble gentleman Raphael de Piciotlo, consul-general of Austria in Syria, whose roof and whose fortune never denied to any one a constant and sacred hospitality.

And you must know a propos, that, amongst the Hebrews dispersed in the various regions of the globe, and amongst those of Asia and Africa particularly, there exists an ancient custom of coming to finish their days upon the spot, bedewed by the sweat of their ancestors. Such a sentiment gladdens their heart from the most tender years of youth, and hence it is moving to see arrive in the ports of Palestine, the aged Israelite, who, leaning upon the shoulder of his old consort, approaches with her amidst the cheers of hope, to deposit his ragged spoils in the sepulchre of their forefathers.

The heats suffered upon the lake of Gennesareth having moderated, I revisited the tribe of Issachar, and having ascended Carmel, I dropped down to Hepna, to Dora, to Cesarea, to Manasseh; and, passing in the tribe of Asher, over the space of Semeron and the waters of Cenderia, I continued afterwards the Belus to Ptolemais, still dyed with that blood which the cruel Djezar caused to flow in torrents.

Thus following the course of the Phoenician shore, every moment appeared to me an age which interfered with that which showed me in a miserable rock, surrounded with water and with sand, that once powerful mistress of the sea.

The Greek archbishop, D. Cirillo Debbas, received me cordially in his house, and causing to be prepared a frugal repast, placed on the ground, after the fashion of the East, and sitting himself down beside me, spoke as follows:-" Eat with good will, that God may preserve it to thee. I receive thee negligently after

the manner of the apostles, and this scanty food I consume with thee in good will, as I do daily with the other guests. If I had more I would give thee more, but my only income, which is that of the archbishopric of Tyre, does not produce me more than two hundred crowns (schdi) annually of thy country, the half of which I employ to nourish the poor of my diocese. Besides being their spiritual, I am also their temporal, physician, and lend gratuitously my remedies wherever they are necessary. The other prelates live more secure under cover of the mountains, but I am more fortunate than they are, who divide with my flock the days of sorrow and of joy." May those be blessed who speak and reason with so much truth. Leaving Tyre with the benedictions and sincere embraces of my host, I passed the Well of Living Waters, the Pseudo Eleutherius, and Sarepta, where the smiling plain of that Sidon opened itself before me, which struggled hard with its approaching fall. Monsieur Ruffin, French consul, politely offered me a reception, and I deplore the loss he has since sustained in a companion who was the model of the tender sex.

The Lady Esther Stanhope, who, for so many years, has attracted the attention of Asia and Europe, by the singular manner of life she has adopted, is encamped one hour's distance from Sidon, in a small habitation called Ceraba; and, in order to render herself still more remarkable, she insists upon her will being obeyed, that no European shall approach her, even for a moment. Would it not be an act of intolerance to blame her for it?

Traversing that mountain which includes so many mountains, and may properly be called a kingdom, and which I shall call Libania, I hastened forward to Cilicia, and thence to Damascus, the name of which imposes more than is due to it.

In all the circuit of Libanus, as well as in Carmel, I collected a thousand fruits and petrified testaceous substances, the proof of a tremendous deluge.

My intention of going from Damascus to Palmyra not succeeding at that time, I came to Balbec, where it appeared to me as if Thebes were revived in the midst of Syria.

An entire volume would be insufficient for the description of the Temple of the Sun.

Six columns arise among the marshes, each in height seventyone feet, and twenty-one feet eight inches in circumference. Three

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