Then

For the persons offended, they were these: first, the king, of whom I have spoken often, but never enough; a king of high and most noble ancient descent, as hath been briefly declared, and in himself full of all imperial virtues, -religion, justice, clemency, learning, wisdom, memory, affability, and the rest. Then the queen, and she in respect of her happy fruitfulness, is a great blessing, in so much that of her in that respect may be said that she is, "ortu magna, viro major, sed maxima prole," great in birth, greater in marriage, but to all posterity greatest in the blessed fruit of her womb, as having brought forth the greatest prince that ever England had. Thirdly, the noble prince, of whom we may say with the poet, "Quæ te tam læta tulere secula? qui tanti talem genuere parentes?" Never prince, true heir apparent to the imperial crown, had such a father, nor ever king had such a son. the whole royal issue, the council, the nobility, the clergy, nay our religion itself, and specially this city of London, that is famous for her riches, more famous for her people, having above five hundred thousand souls within her and her liberties, most famous for her fidelity, and more than most famous of all the cities in the world for her true religion and service of God. Hold up thy head, noble city, and advance thyself, for that never was thy brow blotted with the least taint, or touch, or suspicion of disloyalty; thou mayest truly say with the prophet David, "I will take no wicked thing in hand, I hate the sin of unfaithfulness, there shall no such cleave unto me;" therefore for thy fidelity thou art honoured with the title of "The King's Chamber," as an inward place of his greatest safety; and for thy comfort and joy this day hath Britain's great king honoured thee with the proceeding upon this great and honourable Commission. After the heavy and doleful rumours the other day, when it was certainly known that King James was in safety, well did the fidelity of this city appear (whereof I was an eye-witness), "Una voce conclamaverunt omnes, salva Londinum, salva patria, salva religio; Jacobus Rex noster salvus:" our city, our country, our religion is safe, for our King James is in safety.

The observations are many, and only in a word to be

touched. The first is, That in the Spanish treason before mentioned, and this Powder treason, there was the same order, cause, and end. The order was, first, To deal by secret practice and treason, and then by force and invasion. The cause which they pretend, was the Romish Catholic religion; the end was the final destruction of the royal succession, yea, even occidere regnum, to overthrow and dissolve the whole kingdom. Secondly, That even the enemy hath acknowledged that our state is so settled and established, as neither strength nor stratagem can prevail, unless there be a party made in England. Thirdly, We shall never have bull more to come from Rome to England, because they shall never have a party strong enough to encounter with so many lions. Fourthly, All their canons, decrees, and new-found doctrines tend to one of these two ends: either worldly pride, or wicked policy, for the amplitude and enlargement of the Pope's authority, and for the safety of the Jesuits, priests, &c. Fifthly, Observe that Baynham, a layman, and one of the damned crew, and so naming himself, was sent to inform the Pope as a temporal prince. Sixthly, I conceive their fall to be near at hand, both by divinity and by philosophy. For the first, there are now in England about four hundred priests: so many were there in Israel in the days of Achab. Who, saith God, "shall go and deceive Achab, that he may fall?" A lying spirit in the mouths of his four hundred prophets undertook and effected it; their fall was near, when once a lying spirit had possessed the priests, according to the vision of Micheas, as now it hath possessed the Jesuits. 2. The imitation of good for the most part comes short of the pattern; but the imitation of evil ever exceeds the example. Now, no imitation can exceed this fact, and therefore their time is at an end. Seventhly, Many condemn it now that would have commended it if it had taken effect; for this, say they, is "Enumero eorum quæ non laudantur nisi peracta. Eighthly, They and their adherents spread abroad false rumours, as that the king should have broken promise with them concerning toleration; which mixture of God's service rather than he would suffer, he would lose children, crown, life, and all; nay, they may see there is no such hope left, for that his majesty bringeth

up his royal issue in the true religion and service of the Almighty. Lastly, Observe the wonderful providence of God in the admirable discovery of this Superior Jesuit to be party to this treason, and that in many respects. First, In respect of the means of secresy used by him in conference only with Catesby of the laity. Secondly, They had a strong and a deep oath given them both for secresy and perseverance. Thirdly, They hereupon received the holy sacrament. Fourthly, They were allowed and taught by the Jesuits to equivocate upon oath, salvation, or otherwise, and how then should it be discovered? Fifthly. Their secret intelligence was such as that it was impossible by the wit of man to be found out; and, therefore, the second thing is how this treason, being long since plotted, the providence of God did continually from time to time divert and put off the executing thereof, by unexpected putting off the times of assembly in Parliament. For the Parliament begun the 19th of March in the first year of his majesty's reign, and continued till the 7th of July following, before which time the conspirators could not be ready. From thence it was prorogued until the 7th of February, against which time they could not make the mine ready, in respect that they could not dig there, for that the Commissioners of the Union sat near the place, and the wall was thick, and therefore they could not be provided before the 7th of February; and on the 7th of February the Parliament was prorogued until the 5th of October. After this they found another course, and altered the place from the mine to the cellar. Oh, blessed change of so wicked a work! Oh, but these fatal engineers are not yet discovered, and yet all things are prepared. Oh! prorogue it once more; and accordingly God put it into his majesty's heart (having then not the least suspicion of any such matter) to prorogue the Parliament, and further to open and enlighten his understanding, out of a mystical and dark letter, like an angel of God to point to the cellar, and command it to be searched, so that it was discovered thus miraculously, but even a few hours before the design should have been executed.

The conclusion therefore shall be this, "Qui cum Jesu itis, non itis cum Jesuitis:" for they encourage themselves

in mischief, and commune among themselves secretly, how they may lay snares, and say that no man shall see them. But God shall suddenly shoot at them with a swift arrow, that they shall be wounded; insomuch, that whoso seeth it shall say, This hath God done, for they shall perceive that it is his work..

Then were repeated the proofs for every of the particular accusations aforesaid, by the express and voluntary confessions of Garnet, and of his complices themselves, and of two credible witnesses sworn at the bar, and openly heard viva voce, and acknowledged by Garnet himself to be men without exception.

Then MR. GARNET having license of the Court to answer what he could for himself, spake, and divided all which had been objected, as far as he recollected, into four parts, viz.

Containing
matter of

1. Doctrine.
2. Recusants.

3. Jesuits in general.
4. Himself in particular.

In Doctrine he remembered two points :

1. Concerning equivocation, to which he answered that their church condemned all lying, but especially if it be in cause of religion and faith, that being the most pernicious lie of all others, and by St. Augustine condemned in the Priscillianists; nay, to lie in any cause is held a sin and evil. Howsoever, of eight degrees which St. Augustine maketh, the lowest indeed is to lie to procure the good of some without hurting of any. So then our equivocation is not to maintain lying, but to defend the use of certain propositions. For a man may be asked of one who hath no authority to interrogate, or examined concerning something which belongeth not to his cognisance who asketh, as what a man thinketh, &c. So then no man may equivocate when he ought to tell the truth; otherwise he may. And so St. Augustine upon John saith, that Christ denied he knew the day of judgment, viz., with purpose to tell it to his disciples; and so St. Thomas and others, who handle

this matter chiefly under the title of confession. 2. For the second point, which was the power of the Pope in deposing of princes, his answer was threefold. (1.) That therein he only propounded and followed the general doctrine of the church. (2.) That this doctrine of the power of the Pope was by all other Catholic princes tolerated without grievance. (3.) That yet, for his own part, he always made a difference in the matter of excommunicating and deposing of princes, betwixt the condition and state of our king, and of others, who having once been Catholics, did, or shall afterwards fall back. As for Simanca and other writers, whatsoever they set down as to the deposing of heretics, it is to be understood of those princes who, having sometimes professed the faith of the church of Rome, do afterwards made a defection from the same.

2. For recusants. 1. I desire them not to impute any offence or crime of mine to the prejudice of the cause of religion. 2. Concerning their not going to church, whereas it was urged by Mr. Attorney, that the grounds of their not going to church was the excommunication and bull of Pius Quintus, and that now they may go, for that his majesty is not denounced excommunicate. I answer, that it followeth not; for the Arians and Catholics had the same service in their churches, yet came they not together. And I know divers myself, who before that bull refused to go to church all the time of Queen Elizabeth, though perhaps most Catholics did indeed go to church, before it was about the end of the council of Trent, where this matter was discussed by twelve learned men, and concluded not lawful. And this was occasioned, for that Calvin himself held it not lawful for any Protestant to be present, not only at our mass, wherein perhaps they may say there is idolatry, but not at our even song, being the same with theirs.

3. Concerning the Jesuits, he said, that if any were privy to such horrible treasons, it was impious, especially in men of their profession; but said that he talked with some of them about it, and that they denied it.

4. Touching myself, the negotiation into Spain was indeed propounded unto me, and I was also acquainted with the negotiation for money, but ever intending it should be bestowed for the relief of poor Catholics. But when

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