Hamlet of Knightsbridge.—The provisions of this section are not to apply to the hamlet of Knightsbridge, and it will consequently remain part of the parish of St. Margaret, Westminster, although a detached part thereof; but by sect. 21, p. 163, post, Kensington Palace, which is part of the hamlet, may be detached from the borough of Westminster and attached to the borough of Kensington.

18-(2.) Where the county of London surrounds a detached part of a parish in another county, the foregoing provisions shall apply, and the detached part shall for all purposes become part of the county of London and of the appropriate county electoral division.

Detached Parts of Outside Parishes.

(a) The two detached parts of the parish and urban district of South Hornsey, in the county of Middlesex, surrounded by the parishes of Stoke Newington and Islington. See sub-sect. 3, infra.

(b) The small detached part of the parish of Mitcham, in the county of Surrey, wholly surrounded by the parish of Tooting Graveney in the county of London. Under this provision it will become part of the latter parish in the Wandsworth borough.

18-(3.) Where a detached part so becomes part of the county of London, and is part of any urban district the remainder of which adjoins the county of London, the whole of the district may, by Order in Council, if it seems expedient after considering all the circumstances of the case, be added to and form for all purposes part of the county of London and of the appropriate borough.

This provision would enable the whole of the urban district of South Hornsey, in the county of Middlesex, to be amalgamated with Stoke Newington to form one municipal borough. This appears to be contemplated by the First Schedule, p. 209, post.

The district drains into the metropolitan main drainage system, and makes a contribution to the L. C. C. in respect thereof.

Mitcham is not affected by this sub-section, that parish forming part of the Croydon rural district, with the parishes of Merton, Morden,

Beddington, Wallington, Addington, Coulsdon, Sanderstead, and
Woodmansterne.

18-(4.) Where a detached part of a parish in the county of London is wholly surrounded by any other county, the detached part shall for all purposes become part of that county, and where a detached part as aforesaid is surrounded by more than one county, that detached part shall become part of such county as shall be determined by Order in Council under this Act, and every such detached part shall, by Order in Council, be either constituted a separate parish or annexed to or divided between any parish or parishes which it adjoins, and be added to the appropriate county district and county electoral division.

Detached Parts outside the County of London. This sub-section will affect

(a) The detached part of the parish of Putney surrounded by the parish of Barnes, in the county of Surrey, situate between the river Thames on the west and the Lower Bridge (or Lonsdale) Road on the east. The detached part being wholly surrounded by the county of Surrey, it will become for all purposes part of that county.

(b) The detached part (of sixty-five acres) of the parish of Clerkenwell, surrounded by the parish of Hornsey, in the county of Middlesex, situate at Muswell Hill, some two miles beyond the London boundary. It will become for all purposes part of the county of Middlesex. It may be annexed to the Hornsey parish and urban district. Such a proposal was made in 1893, but was objected to by the principal part of the parish and was defeated. The detached part forms part of the Holborn Union for poor law purposes, and of the Central Finsbury Division for parliamentary and county council electoral purposes.

The authors are not aware of any detached part of the county of London surrounded by more than one county.

18-(5.) Nothing in this section shall apply to the City of London.

See note to sect. 1, p. 5, ante; also sects. 17, p. 151, ante, and 22, p. 164, post.

1

The whole of London Bridge is held to be within the City of London, together with a plot of ground which was situate at the south end of the old London Bridge on the Surrey shore and called the Bridge Foot. This is apparently the only detached part of the City of London.

18-(6.) The London County Council and the council of any adjoining county shall be entitled to be heard on any alteration or proposed alteration of the area of the county of London.

The county councils of Middlesex and Surrey will accordingly be entitled to be heard in respect of Clerkenwell (detached: plus) and South Hornsey (detached: minus) as regards Middlesex; Putney (detached: plus) and Mitcham (detached: minus) as regards Surrey. The L. C. C. are not given any locus standi as to changes which will not alter the area of the county.

Section 19.

WOOLWICH.

19. Application of Act to Woolwich.]—(1.) A scheme under this Act shall provide for placing Woolwich under the general law applying to metropolitan boroughs, and for the repeal of the application thereto of the provisions of the Public Health Acts and other enactments not applying to London, and for the application thereto of the Metropolis Management Acts, 1855 to 1893, and other enactments applying to London.

Woolwich. The parish of Woolwich has been, since the L. G. A., 1894, the only parish in the kingdom governed by a "local board." It was constituted a sanitary district under the Public Health Act, 1848 (11 & 12 Vict. c. 63), and other Acts amending it, by a provisional order confirmed by the Public Health Supplemental Act, 1852 (No. 2) (15 & 16 Vict. c. 69). The Act of 1848, the Local Government Act, 1858, the Sewage Utilization Act, 1867, and amending Acts were repealed generally by the P. H. A., 1875, s. 343.

Woolwich was brought within the metropolis by the M. M. A., 1855, by sect. 238, for metropolitan purposes therein stated, the local board being substituted for the vestry of the parish. See also Schedule A., Part II., M. M. A., 1855.

As the Local Government Act, 1858 (by sect. 3), and the P. H. A., 1875 (by sects. 2 and 4), excepted the metropolis, save as otherwise expressly provided, and did not therefore extend to the parish of Woolwich, it was doubtful whether the P. H. A., 1848, and the other amending Acts were still in force, and to remove these doubts the older Acts were expressly declared to continue in force in Woolwich by the L. G. B. Prov. Orders Conf. (Amersham Union) Act, 1880 (43 & 44 Vict. c. lix.), s. 2, repealed by Sched. 4 to the Public Health (London) Act, 1891.

The local board is the local authority under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, s. 99, but certain provisions of the P. H. A., 1875, and amending Acts of 1882, 1883, 1884, 1888, and 1890 were extended to Woolwich exclusive of the rest of London, by sect. 102 and the Second Schedule of P. H. A., 1891, repealed by the Lon. G. A, Third Schedule, post.

See also sects. 103 and 140 of the Public Health (London) Act, 1891.

The local board, who are the local authority for paving, lighting, local sewerage, &c., was elected in practically the same manner as other local boards under the P. H. A., 1875, and the same provisions as to the qualifications of electors and of members remained in force until 1894, when the L. G. A., 1894, assimilated Woolwich with the vestries and district boards as regards the qualifications and disqualifications of electors and of persons to be elected, and the mode of conducting elections.

Woolwich local board area is the only sanitary district in the metropolis to which the Allotments Acts apply: Allotments Act, 1887, s. 17; P. H. A., 1875, s. 5; Public Health (London) Act, 1891, s. 102. As to L. C. C.'s power in case of local board's default, see sects. 2 and 3 of Allotments Act, 1890.

The local board possesses peculiar powers under local Acts, vide e.g., 47 Geo. III. sess. 2, c. cxi. 1807; 48 Geo. III. c. 146, 1808, &c.

As are the vestries and district boards, it is the local authority under the London Building Act, 1894, s. 5 (42); and under Part II. of the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890; but there is a special provision as to borrowing in sect. 46 (8) of the last-named Act.

The parliamentary borough (and county council division) of Woolwich comprises the parishes of Eltham, Woolwich and Plumstead. Eltham is in the Lewisham Union for poor law purposes, and in the Lee district for local government purposes. The parishes of Woolwich and Plumstead with Charlton and Kidbrooke form the Woolwich Union. By the Metropolitan Management (Plumstead and Hackney) Act, 1893 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 55), the Plumstead district was dissolved, the Plumstead vestry being incorporated as an administrative 'Schedule A.) vestry, the other parishes in the district (viz., Charlton, Kidbrooke, Lee and Eltham) being formed into the Lee district.

The borough of Woolwich sends one member to Parliament (Re-distribution of Seats Act, 1885, 48 & 49 Vict. c. 23, Sched. 4), and two representatives to the L. C. C. (L. G. A., 1888, s. 40 (1) (8)).

19-(2.) Subject to the provisions of any such scheme, this Act shall apply to Woolwich in like manner as if the local board of health thereof were an administrative vestry.

19-(3.) Nothing in this Act shall prevent the council of any borough consisting of or comprising Woolwich from continuing to make any contribution for the purpose of technical education

hitherto made by any local authority, or from exercising any existing powers of carrying on a market.

Market. The Woolwich local board owns a local market which yields an annual profit of about 500l., applied to the relief of the rates. The market rights were granted by letters patent in the 16th year of James I. to Sir William Barne, Knight, and Hugh Sydyard, Esq., and were purchased by the local board from Sir Spencer Maryon Wilson, Bart., on 13th June, 1887, with a piece of land called the "market-place" in High Street, Woolwich.

This service is not directly performed by any other local sanitary authority in the county of London. There are, however, two markets indirectly controlled by local authorities, the surplus revenues from which go to the relief of the rates-the Whitechapel hay market, under the control of trustees, and the Borough market, also under the control of trustees, including the churchwardens and overseers of St. Saviour, Southwark.

Technical Education.-The Woolwich local board being an urban sanitary authority within the meaning of the Public Health Acts, is a local authority for the purposes of technical instruction, and may from time to time out of the local rate supply or aid the supply of technical or manual instruction to such extent and on such terms as the authority thinks expedient, subject to certain restrictions contained in the Technical Instruction Acts. See 52 & 53 Vict. c. 76, ss. 1 and 4, 54 Vict. c. 4, 55 & 56 Vict. c. 29. The Woolwich local board make a grant of 5007. to the funds of the Woolwich Polytechnic. The L. C. C. is the local authority for the rest of the county: sect. 4, 52 & 53 Vict. c. 76.

Section 20.

PENGE.

20. Special provision as to Penge.]—(1.) An Order in Council under this Act may either annex Penge to the borough of Lewisham or to the borough of Camberwell, or separate it from the county of London and make it form part of the county of Surrey or of the county of Kent, and if it is so separated shall provide for constituting it an urban district, or for adding it to an adjoining county borough or urban district, and if necessary shall determine the county electoral division to which it is to belong.

Penge. The hamlet of Penge (or Pensgreen) is in the Lewisham district for local government purposes (M. M. A., 1855, Sched. B.); in the Dulwich Division of the borough of Camberwell for electoral (parliamentary and county council) purposes; in the Croydon Union for poor law purposes; and in the registration county of Surrey.

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