was nevertheless despised; everybody "looked down" upon him; and as the youth was now attaining to the years of discretion, the very mention of his name sounded painfully in his ears. His foster-parents were the only two for whom he entertained any affection; the other neighbors he regarded with at last as much hatred as they could have looked upon him with contempt. Possessed of strong faculties, and a proud and enterprising spirit, he at last made up his mind to quit the district for some more hospitable sphere, where an origin which he could not help would be no source of reproach to him. He made known his intentions to the two old maids, and obtained their consent; for they were fully persuaded that go where he would, Johnny would never forget the sufferings which they had endured on his account, and that no change of scene would alter the regard which he entertained for both of them. On the 1st of September, 1805, John of the Mountain left home for Portree, the nearest seaport, whence vessels were constantly plying to Glasgow, in the kelp trade. He obtained a passage in a small sloop, called the Lord of the Isles, to the captain of which he was already known, from his having on several occasions shipped the wool and cheese which Mr. Roy sent to the southern market. After a voyage of ten days, he landed safely upon the Broomielaw. Compared to the great city of the present day, St. Mungo then covered but a small surface of the ground bordering on the Clyde; but it was even then the busy and the greatest mart of commerce in Scotland, and the people were active, industrious, and enterprising. The knowledge of the English language possessed by the young adventurer was not of the most perfect kind, and his inability to comprehend the dialect of the citizens was the cause of many vexations and difficulties. He could write correctly, and was well calculated for some situations; but genteel employment he could not procure, having no friend to take an interest in his endeavors. He applied for work as a laborer at several places; but was langhed at by the other men on account of his dress, which was the kilt and short hose of the Highlander.

that he was soon provided with a comfortable bed-
room in his own house, and seated at table with
the family before he had been a single month in
his employment. But the greater the kindness
of his benefactor, the greater the jealousy of the
other servants; and, indeed, some of the smaller
tenants of the duke, who dreaded the growing
influence of the young stranger.
John only
continued the first month tending the sheep,
when Johnston, discovering some signs of his
ability, and the integrity of his disposition,
took him at once under his own roof, and em-
ployed him occasionally in making up the ac-
counts of his noble master. He gave him several
useful works to read, as well as the newspapers
of the day; and Johnny, who paid great atten-
tion to current events, shortly became a very in-
telligent and well-informed youth. But the older
servants, who, as we have said, were all the more
jealous of the favors showered upon one whom
they regarded in every respect as an intruder,
carried their prejudices to such an extent as to
render his life miserable. They called him by
the name of his benefactor, but not in his
hearing, and this was the name by which he was
latterly known. But the petty acts of spite to
which he was subjected, on account of the ob-
scurity and poverty of his origin, he could no
longer endure, and he resolved upon emigrating
to America.

This resolution he communicated to his master,
who listened with unfeigned regret, and en-d
deavored to persuade him to remain at home, by
promising him his own situation should he
survive the steward's death. The youth, how-
ever, cowed by the treatment of the people by
whom he was surrounded, persisted in his reso-
lution; and his sympathizing employer ultimately
advanced the means necessary to pay his pas-
sage. John sailed from Leith on the 2nd of
April, 1808, and reached New York after a pas-
sage of six weeks. After undergoing many dif
ficulties, he at last started business in that city as to
a retail merchant, and from small beginnings
prospered, until he at length became one of the
most wealthy citizens of the United States.
Athough not a speaker, he was one of the stirring
spirits in almost every constitutional movement
in the country; and, from his wealthy position
and purity of character, he possessed great in-
fluence with successive governments.

After several days' fasting, and during which he was obliged to sleep out in the night-time for want of a lodging, he, despairing of succeeding in Glasgow, betook himself to the country to But, while he realized his wealth chiefly from look for work as a hind. He took the direc- a commercial connection with this country, he tion of Falkirk, where he arrived upon the first ever had a hostile feeling towards everything day of the usual monthly tryst. Here he met British; and this feeling he, on several occawith better fortune. In the course of a ramble sions, carried to as great an extent as he posthrough the market, he was accosted by the stew-sibly could do. The daily organ in New York, ard of the Duke of Hamilton (Mr. Johnston,) who, noticing the pitiful appearance of the otherwise healthy and interesting youth, offered him board and clothing if he accompanied him to Hamilton in charge of a flock of sheep which he had just purchased-a proposal which young John was only too thankful to acquiesce in; and accordingly, after the market, he accompanied his new master home.

Here he continued for two years, and so far did he advance in the good graces of his master,

which some years ago obtained so much notoriety for its fiery attacks upon British policy and institutions, was well known to be the property of J-, and under his direction.

The late President Polk, as a private indi vidual, was quiet and inoffensive in disposition, and possessed no personal prejudices towards his fatherland; but J-, of all the other friends with whom he was associated, had a greater influence over his mind; and it is known to some that the message of the President which some

ad of

years ago created so much alarm, from the America, J-kept up no friendly correspondhostile spirit which it displayed towards Eng-ence with anybody in Scotland; and his own land, was entirely the production of this individual. descendants always say, that his only motive for After the death of his carly protectors, Janet the animosity with he bore to his fatherland, and Elsi, and of his benefactor at Hamilton, was the treatment he had experienced in his which took place shortly after his arrival in early youth.

From the Examiner.

Mr. Leslie has such predilections. He is led A Handbook for Young Painters. By C. R. to ascribe what we think disproportionate imLeslie, R.A., Author of "The Life of Con-portance to the works of some artists, as of stable." With Illustrations. Murray. Stothard, for example. But is perfectly just and honest that this should be so. An artist A considerable portion of this volume is re- competent to be as thoroughly impartial as a cast from lectures delivered at the Royal judge upon the bench, in criticism upon all Academy by Mr. Leslie. Enriched with much good pictures, is competent to be also inconadditional matter, the lectures now take the sistent with himself, and false to his own naform of essays, very various in length, upon ture. the respective topics which it is most requisite But Mr. Leslie's bias-since we must have to bring before a student in the art of paint- one-fortunately happens to the one of all ing. And inasmuch as in this art study never others least likely to mislead. That which ends, and every man who has not failed utter-made Pope a pretty safe critic of poets, and ly can teach something even to the best of which gave him reverence for Homer, makes his contemporaries, we need not say that a of Mr. Leslie no unsafe critic of painters, for volume like this, sensible, agreeable, and it enables him to feel the grandeur of Michael thoroughly well-written, does not come from Angelo's conceptions and the littleness of the hand of such a masterly painter as Mr. those of Gerard Dow.

Leslie to be left unread by the elder brethren The mind of our lecturer and teacher being of the craft. Painters will of course know thus on the whole remarkably well-balanced, how to pick up some little knowledge from he is not to be deceived by the false reasonthe serviceable and subtle hints, and no little ings of the pre-Raffaelite brethren, and is able amusement from the delightful anecdote and to speak his thoughts upon what some have gossip illustrative of their art, contained in called High Art with a very useful frankness. Mr. Leslie's Handbook. Our function is fulfilled in the most useful way if we point out Nothing is more often on the lips of those who its value as fortification for the understanding feel and know least of the qualities of which of the ordinary picture-seer. The volume Painting is made than "High Art," and the recontains an interesting general view of the art convinced me, that nothing has contributed more sult of more than forty years' observation has of painting, as displayed in the works of the to retard the advancement of Painting than the best masters of all schools; it is clearly and well-meant, but often thoughtless and mistaken elegantly written, without resort to tech- talk about what passes for it, both in England nical terms; and it is likely to be even more and on the Continent. useful as a series of lessons, to uninstructed picture-seers, than as a Handbook for Young Painters.

The common-place notion of High Art, contributed with other mental causes to the life of misery of the highly-gifted Haydon, as it had A work so safely informing public taste in previously prevented the proper exercise of Barthis manner has indeed been seldom written. ry's superior powers; and many were the junior Brilliant enforcements of the publicnotice to this artists, who, with this ignis fatuus before their or that form of excellence in art, are far more otherwise have been productive, upon large Careyes, wasted time, and probably talents that might common than fair expositions of those endless toons for Westminster Hall. Indeed, many Engvarieties of natural effect out of which all styles lish painters have passed through lives of priva are composed, and of the reason of the beauty that is to be seen alike in the pictures of a Jan Stein and a Fra Angelico. Even in such expositions, however, it is of course almost impossible that any master of painting can exclude the predilections necessary to the constitution of his own peculiar excellence, from his judgment of works varying, in spite of all their kindred elements, as widely as the minds of It is to be confessed, therefore, that

men.

tion, consoled only with the belief that they were practising "High Art" in evil days, who might have been prosperous men in some other profession.

Englishmen are constantly told by foreigners, and are constantly telling themselves, that High there has been no British Michael Angelo, or Art has never existed in England. True it is, Raphael, any more than there have been painters approaching to them in the modern schools of Italy, France, Germany, or Holland. But the

Art of Hogarth, of Reynolds, of Gainsborough, that would answer to it. I remember, years ago, of Wilson, of Fuseli, of Opie, Stothard, Turner, borrowing from him to copy, a head of a young Constable, Wilkie, and of Etty, and the Art dis-girl, of much angelic purity of expression, that I played in Haydon's "Judgment of Solomon," what are we to call it? I care not what, but I will say that, out of Great Britain, nothing so high has been produced since the death of Watteau; whose Art, distinct from its subject, is of the highest order.

Latterly the term "High" has generally been exchanged for "Religious," which means Art of which the subjects are from the Bible or the legends of the Church. I should make no objection to the definition as a matter of convenience, and if understood no otherwise than of Art of which the theme is religious. But, I fear, it is too much received and intended as defining a style necessarily differing from other styles.

returned it after having destroyed all the attempts I made to repeat it, because, in all, I had failed to catch the beauty either of the expression or of the color.

In considering the question of the propriety or impropriety of nudity, I can call to mind no display of it in the works of Raphael, of Stothard, or of Flaxman, that seems to me objectionable. But this I cannot say of the works of Titian, Correggoi, Rubens, and others of the great colorists, masters between whom and Etty there was more in common.

He was aware of the imputations that were cast on his character by those who knew him only in his works. "I have been accused," he It is clear to me, that had any of the early writes, " of being a shocking and immoral man." Christian painters descended to subjects of fami--And in another part of his Autobiography, so liar life, their treatment would not, in principle deeply interesting to all who knew him, for all or in execution, have differed from that in their who did, knew his entire sincerity, he says, "as a religious pictures, for in their portraits it did not. worshipper of beauty, whether it be seen in a I think, therefore, that the attaching of more importance, than they deserve, to such definitions as religious Art and religious painters, is calculated to blind us to many of the beauties of Nature and to lead us to suppose that because, by the carly masters, some of her grandest and most charming qualities were unperceived, they are inconsistent with religious feeling; and that there must be a marked difference between religious men, women, and children, and the rest of the world; and that even skies, trees, fields, rivers, and mountains may become religious and therefore sublime, by their unlikeness to nature. Se- The apology which he makes for his extravere is a word sometimes used, and I have heard ordinary predilection for the nude, namely, that also of heroic landscape. Such classifications" he preferred painting the glorious works of God are calculated to mislead the young, while they to draperies, the works of man," is based on the may be casily taken advantage of by the indolent mistake of considering artifical objects as less and cunning, who, with little study or thought, poetic than natural ones; an error which has may at once put themselves forward as religious been completely exposed by Lord Byron in his painters, by some mannered deviation from Na- controversy with Mr. Bowles.

ture.

One of Mr. Leslie's predilections is for Etty, not less as a man than as a painter, and from a generous and admirable criticism on that artist's works we extract some comments upon his frequent use of the nude figure, which may serve as an agreeable addition to the few notices of Etty gathered by us lately from Mr. Gilchrist's life of him.

weed, a flower, or in that most interesting form of humanity, lovely woman, an intense admirer of it and its Almighty author,-if at any time I have forgotten the boundary line that I ought not to have passed, and tended to voluptuousness, I implore His pardon. I have never wished to seduce others from the path and practice of virtue, which alone leads to happiness here and hereafter; and if in any of my pictures an immoral sentiment has been aimed at, I consent it should be burnt; but I never recollect being actuated in painting by any such sentiment.

Etty's Art was in the end substantially rewarded. But I fear the extent to which he was

patronized must not be entirely considered as proceeding from a pure love and true appreciation doubted that the display of the female form, in of what is excellent in painting. It cannot be very many instances, recommended his pictures more powerfully than their admirable Art: while I entirely believe that he himself, thinking and meaning not evil, was not aware of the manner in which his works were regarded by grosser minds.

We are obliged to withhold for a future occasion some other extracts in type, and shall be glad of the opportunity of returning to Mr. Leslie's pleasant book.

There is a question on which it may not appear to be my province to enter; but it is one which Etty's peculiar treatment of and choice of subjects must present to most minds;-I mean the question of how far his frequent preference of the nude may or may not be defended. It is true that in entire nudity there may be nothing objectionable, while figures clothed to the chin, if but an eye be seen, may convey the grossest meanings. But I scarcely remember a female adelphia. face by Etty in which the expression is impure; and If I wished for a personification of innocence, I know no painter's works among which I could more readily find very many instances

Miranda Elliott: or The Voice of the Spirit. By S. H. M. Lippincott, Grambo and Co. Phil

Nature and Man Before and After the Deluge.Being a brief defence of the Liberal Reading of the first ten chapters of Genesis. C. B. Norton. New York.

I saw my gallant boy ride forth, where crimson | Our foes hailed his rise as the dawn of our fall; flowed the stream; For "destruction which follows on madness,"