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NOTICE.

ANY information derived from personal knowledge of the countries described in the Handbook for Greece, and calculated to correct errors and supply deficiencies therein, is requested from all those into whose hands this volume may chance to fall. Such co-operation alone can ultimately produce a complete and perfectly accurate work. As a general rule, the pages to which the observations apply should be specified. Notices of new routes, and of improved means of communication and accommodation, will be particularly acceptable. All letters on this subject may be addressed to the Editor, care of Mr. Murray, Albemarle Street.

HANDBOOK

FOR

TRAVELLERS IN GREECE: :

DESCRIBING

THE IONIAN ISLANDS, THE KINGDOM OF GREECE, THE ISLANDS
OF THE ÆGEAN SEA, WITH ALBANIA, THESSALY,

AND MACEDONIA.

NEW EDITION, FOR THE MOST PART RE-WRITTEN.

With a New Travelling Map of Greece, and Plans.

LONDON:

JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET.

PARIS: GALIGNANI; STASSIN ET XAVIER.

1854.

J. MULLER.

MAX. KORNICKER.

DF

716 M98

1854

THE ENGLISH EDITIONS OF MURRAY'S HANDBOOKS MAY BE OBTAINED OF THE
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Germany, Holland, and Belgium.

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Recl 6-30-28 BF

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PREFACE.

NOTWITHSTANDING the variety of works which, for centuries, have appeared in different languages on the various provinces and islands of Greece, a Guide Book for those countries became essential when the means of communication with them had been rendered easy and frequent.

In the works of many ancient and modern writers we find accurate notices of the routes which they have followed over separate districts; but, in order to render their labours available to the traveller in a portable shape, it was necessary to compare, extract, and compress within the narrowest limits their accumulated information,—ethnographical, antiquarian, artistic, historical, and statistical,-selecting only such portions as might secure to the genius of each locality its appropriate share of interest.

The idea of a Handbook for the East naturally suggested itself after the completion of similar guides for Germany, Switzerland, and other parts of Europe. In the present work those portions of the former Handbook for the East which related to Greece have been carefully rewritten or remodelled, with great additions, and with much introductory matter prefixed. The subject of this new Handbook is, CLASSICAL AND HISTORICAL GREECE, that is to say, the Ionian Islands, the Kingdom of Greece, the Islands of the Ægean Sea, and the provinces of Macedonia, Thessaly, and Albania, not yet reunited to Christendom. In all these countries the majority of the population, though divided by political events among three distinct governments, is still Greek in those great elements of nationality-blood, religion, and language. The remaining provinces of European Turkey, with Constantinople, Asia Minor, &c., will form the subject of the forthcoming HANDBOOK FOR TURKEY.

The description of the ancient monuments of Athens has been contributed by Mr. F. C. Penrose, author of the work on Athnian Architecture, published in 1851 by the Society of Dilettanti.

The manuscript notes and journals of several recent travellers, kindly communicated to the Editor, added to the copious materials collected by himself during various journeys throughout all parts of the countries described, have served him as a foundation for a careful comparison of the highest authorities of the past with the most important publications of the present day. It is impossible to particularize all

the writers to whom he is indebted; but he begs, once for all, to express his peculiar obligations to Colonel Leake, to Dr. Wordsworth, and to Dr. Smith's Dictionary of Ancient Geography. As it would be inconsistent with the nature and dimensions of a Handbook that constant reference should be made to the collateral authorities, the Editor prefixes a general list of the more important works, which can be consulted either as illustrative or supplementary.

Strabo-Books viii. ix. x., written in the Augustan Age.
Pausanias-Description of Greece in the time of the Antonines.
Gell (Sir W.)-Ithaca, Argolis, and Itineraries, 1813-1819.
Hobhouse (Lord Broughton)-Journey through Albania, &c., 1813.
Holland (Dr.)-Travels in the Ionian Isles, Greece, &c., 1819.
Müller (K. O.)—Dorians. English Translation, 1830.

Kruse-Hellas, 1825-27.

Leake-Researches in Greece, 1814.

Travels in the Morea, 1830; Peloponnesiaca, 1846.
Travels in Northern Greece, 1835.

Topography of Athens, 1841.

Demi of Attica, 1841.

Pittakys-L'Ancienne Athènes. Latest edition, Athens.

Thirlwall-History of Greece. Library edition.

Gordon-History of the Greek Revolution, 1832.

Keightley-History of the Greek War of Independence, 1830.
Pashley-Travels in Crete, 1837.

Mure (Col. W., of Caldwell)-Journal of a Tour in Greece, 1842
Pennington-On the Pronunciation of Greek, 1844.

Tennent (Sir J. Emerson)-History of Modern Greece, 1845.
Wordsworth-Athens and Attica, 1837.

Greece, Pictorial and Historical. Latest edition, 1853.
Ross (Dr. L.)-Reisen auf den Griechischen Inseln, 1845.
Fiedler-Reise durch Griechenland. Leipsic, 1840.
Forchhammer-Hellenika. Berlin, 1837.
Finlay-Greece under the Romans, 1844.

Medieval Greece and Trebizond, 1851.

Byzantine History from 716 to 1057 A.D., 1853.

Curzon-Monasteries of the Levant, 1847.

Penrose-Investigation of the Principles of Athenian Architecture,

1851.

Lear-Travels in Albania, &c., 1851.

Bowen (G. F.)-Ithaca in 1850. London, 1851.

Mount Athos, Thessaly, and Epirus, 1852.

Curtius-Peloponnesos. Gotha, 1851.

Grote History of Greece.

Smith (Dr. W.)-Dictionary of Antiquities, 1850.

Ancient Geography.

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