Of the 10,331,000 of six per cent. stock, redeemable in 1825, about 5,000,000 will probably be redeemed in that year; and there will remain unredeemed, after the application of all the means at the disposal of the commissioners of the sinking fund, about 5,331,000. This sum, it is believed, may be readily exchanged for five per cent. stock, redeemable in 1833, and it is respectfully suggested that provisions be made, by law, for such an exchange of so much of the six per cent. stock as shall not be redeemed during the year 1825. The views which are herein presented are founded upon the idea, that no extraordinary expenditure is to be incurred. If, however, it be deemed advisable to give increased extension or activity to the navy, or to aid in objects of internal improvement, it is believed that such additional means as may be required may be obtained by a judicious revision of the tariff. Such a measure was recommended in the last annual report, with a view both to the increase of the revenue and the simplification of its collection; and further reflection and experience have tended to strengthen the opinion then entertained, that its operation, without being onerous to the community, would be advantageous to the revenue, salutary to commerce, and beneficial to the manufactures of the country. All which is respectfully submitted. WM. H. CRAWFORD. Treasury Department, Dec. 31, 1823. THE THE NEW TARIFF OF THE UNITED STATES. The following we give as a comparative view of the late law and the new one. Many items are not inserted, but it will be sufficient to show the important changes. The principle of restricting trade for the encouragement of domestic manufactures, which England is striving to, and would if possible immediately abolish, is here acknowledged and put into effect. This law is not to raise a revenue. The secretary of the United States treasury is afraid that the revenue will decrease. It is merely to encourage home manufactures; of course England and most of the other powers will lay on countervailing duties, and trade will be fettered instead of being encouraged; the law will be evaded; smuggling will become more general, as it will be more profitable; differences about the treatment of smugglers, or the right of boarding may ensue; and if no fighting follows, some antipathy most certainly will. ARTICLES. Cotton bagging.. LATE RATE. 20 per cent. ad val. Iron in bars and bolts ..75 cents per cwt. ...... Round iron and brazier's rods Spikes .... 250 and 150 cents per cwt. PRESENT RATE. 34 cts. per sq. yard 90 cents per cwt. 3 cents per lb. Nails Iron cables A duty of 12 per cent. on all articles not specified in the act, and which hitherto paid 7 per cent. only. Ten per cent. additional duty on all articles if imported in a vessel not belonging to the United States, without the foreigners give peculiar privileges to United States' vessels in the foreign countries. A drawback of duties on re-exportation: imported silk may be dyed in the States, and allowed drawback. The duties to be levied after the 1st of June, 1824. PERIODICAL PRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. We find in a New York paper the following official statement of the number of newspapers published in the United States during the year This number is ascertained, with the town or village in which each paper is published. There are probably a few scattering papers not yet reported to the department. MEXICO. 1 MEXICO. There has been published in Mexico the report of the committee on the constitution, with a project of the "adopted constitution of the Mexican nation." We extract the general principles on which it is founded. They are 1. The establishment of national boundaries, which are to comprehend New Spain, Yucatan, and the internal provinces. 2. Declaration of liberty and independence. 3. Ditto of the Roman apostolic religion, and prohibition of all others. 4. That the sovereignty resides in the nation. 5. The nation adopts a republican representative popular federate form of government. 6. The integral parts are independent states in what relates to their interior. 7. The states, fifteen in number, are stated. 8. The congress has the right to modify the last article by augmenting or diminishing their number. 9. Division of power into legislative, executive, and judicial, which shall never be united in one person. 10. Legislative power is placed in a chamber of deputies and a senate; the deputies named by the citizens in the manner prescribed by the constitution. 12. The basis of distributing the representatives in the chamber of deputies shall be the population; each state shall nominate two sena tors. 13. General powers of congress to sustain the national independence and security, and to provide for whatever regards foreign relations; to preserve internal tranquillity and promote the general prosperity; to maintain the independence of the 14. The constitution will fix the other attributes and prerogatives of the congress. 15. The present congress will convoke a senate composed of two senators named by each state, to revise and sanction the constitution. 16. The general constitution will place for a limited time the executive power in a president. 17. They will also appoint a vicepresident. 18. His attributes are--to put in execution the general laws; to name and displace secretaries of the cabinet; guard the public funds; name officers of the government and interior; to declare war when authorized by a decree of the general congress; this not being in session, in such manner as the constitution shall designate; dispose of the land and sea forces, and the acting mili tia; dispose of the local militia within the territory; appoint officers of the army, navy, and active militia; give discharges and furloughs to the military, regulating their pensions according to the laws; name, with the approbation of the senate, diplomatic agents and consuls; direct foreign negociations, and execute treaties previously approved of by congress; watch over the administration of justice, see executed the laws and constitution, with the right of objecting to the laws within ten days, suspending their execution until the decision of congress; to issue decrees for the better fulfilling of the constitution and laws, with the right of suspending officers and depriving them of half of their pay for three months; with the advice of the secretaries, to pardon delinquents or commute their punishments. 19. Orders and decrees must be sealed by the secretary of the department to whom the subject belongs. 20. Those charged with the executive power may be impeached for mal-administration during the term of office and one year after. 21. The same of the secretaries of the cabinet. 22. These accusations can only be made by the chamber of deputies and before the senate. 23. Judicial powers reside in a supreme court and in tribunals established in each state. 24. They are prohibited to judge by ex post facto laws, or special commissions; but the tribunals established by the former congress for the trial of malefactors and robbers shall not be considered special commissions. Particular government of the states. 25. The same division of powers as in the general government. 26. The legislative powers shall reside in a congress for each state, elected by the people-elected and removed as the constitution of each state shall provide. 27. A law which they must at once enact shall designate the manner of forming these legislatures where they are not already established. 28. The executive powers must be confined for a limited time. 29. The judicial power shall be exercised by such tribunals as the respective constitutions shall precribe. 30. The state constitutions cannot oppose the general constitution. 31. They may organize provisionally their internal government. 32. No state criminal shall receive an asylum in any other state. 33. No state shall impose taxes on imports or exports, unless where necessary to carry into effect their inspection laws. 34. Neither shall they establish any duty on tonnage, nor keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, or treat with any other state or foreign power, nor engage in any war unless in case of actual invasion or imminent danger. 35. The nation will protect civil liberty, property, and equality, according to law. 36. The federal government acknowledges the debts of the nation already contracted. The constitution general guarantees to each state a republican form of government. Each state shall be obliged to support the federal union. 37. Manner of amending the constitution. 38. The execution of this instrument is referred to the supreme executive power. REVENUE |