162. Many consider elocution merely as an Proverbs. 1. Humility-gains more than accomplishment, and that a desultory, in-pride. 2. Never be weary in well-doing. 3. Expect nothing of those who promise a great deal. stead of a systematic attention, is all that necessary. A regular, scientific and progres-4. Grieving for misfortunes, is adding gall to swe course, in this as well as every thing else, mormwood. 5. He, who would catch fish, must 6 He that by the plow is the only correct, effectual, and rapid mode not mind getting wet. of proceeding. If improvement be the object, would thrive, must either hold, himself, or drive. 7. Idleness-is the greatest prodigality in the whether we devote little, or much attention, to a pursuit, be it mental or manual, system world. 8. If the counsel be good, no matter who gave it. 9. Occupation-cures one half of life's and method are absolutely essential: order troubles, and mitigates the other. 10. We bear is heaven's first, and last law. no afflictions so patiently as those of others.. 11. 163. One of the three sounds of Ch; Let Nature have her perfect work. which be represented by tch: may 12. Soft hands, and soft brains, generally go together. CHANGE; the cheat choked a 66 66 To speak of Howard, the philanthropist, without calling to mind the eloquent eulogium, in which Burke has embalmed his memory, would be as impossible—as it would be to read that eulogium without owning that human virtue never received a more illustrious manifestation. Howard," said the was a man, who traversed foreign countries, not to survey the sumptuousness of palaces, or the stateliness of temples; not to make accurate measurements of the remains of ancient grandeur, nor to form a scale of the curiosity of modern art; not to collect medals, or manuscripts; but, to dive into the depths of dungeons; to plunge in the infection of hospitals; to survey the mansions of sorrow and pain; to take the 164. In all cases of producing sounds, ob-guage and dimensions of misery, depression, and contempt; to remember the forsaken; serve the different positions of the organs, and to compare and collate the distresses of and remember, that the running through with all men, under all climes." In the prosethe forty-four sounds of our language, is cution of this god-like work, Howard made like running up the keys of an instrument," a voyage of discovery, a circumnavigation to see if all is right: be satisfied with nothing, of charity," and at last-fell a victim to his short of a complete mastery over the whole humanity; for, in administering medicine to subject. Be very particular in converting all some poor wretches in the hospital at Cherthe breath that escapes into sound, when rea-son, in the Crimea, he caught a malignant ding or singing; and remember, that the purer the sound, the easier it may be made; the less will be the injury to the vocal organs, the farther it will be heard, and with the more pleasure will it be listened to. Do not forget the end, the cause, and the effect. fever, and díed in the glorious work of benevolence. Thus fell the man who "Girding creation-in one warm embrace, Outstretch'd his savior-arm-from pole to pole, Varieties. 1. To promote an unworthy Notes. 1. To produce this most unpleasant triphthongal person-disgraces humanity. 2. Read not sound in our language, close the teeth, and, as you suddenly separ-books alone, but men; and, especially, thyate them, whisper chu, (u short,) and you will accomplish the ob- self. 3. The human mind is a mirror-of ject. 2. In drachm, the ch, are silent. 3. Always try to improve the sounds as well as your voice. 4. Quinctilian says, in recommending a close attention to the study of the simple elements, "whoever will enter into the inmost recesses of this sacred edifice, will find many things, not only proper to sharpen the ingenuity of children, but able to exercise the most profound erudition, and the deepest science:” indeed, they are the fountains in the science of sound and vocal modulation. Anecdote. Principal Interest. A debtor, when asked to pay his creditor, observed to him: that "it was not his interest to pay the principal, nor his principle to pay the interest." What do you think of such a man? Unhappy he, who lets a tender heart, 6. the incomprehensible Divinity. 4. No one What, then, remains, but well our power to use, 165. Vowel sounds are all formed in the Proverbs. 1. Youth-indulges in hope; old LARYNX; and, on their emission, the articu-age-in remembrance. 2. One half of the world lating organs modify them into words. These words constitute language, which is used, by common consent, as signs of ideas; or as mediums for the manifestation of thought and feeling it may be written, or spoken; and the natural results are-books, papers and conversation: by means of which, the conceptions and affections of human minds are made known and perpetuated. 166. Th have two sounds; first a lisping sound; THIN: a thief thirsteth for the path of death, and win-keth at his thank-less thefts, as the a-the-ist doth of the-o-ret-cal truth; forth-with the thrift- [TH in THIN.] less throng, threw thongs over the mouth of Frith of Fourth, and thwar-ted the wrath of the thril-ling thun-der; faith, quoth the youth, to the Pro-thon-o-ta-ry, the bath is my berth, the hearth is my cloth, and the heath is my throne. delights in uttering slander, and the other-in hearing it. 3. Virtue-is the only true nobility. 4. To bless, is to be bless'd. 5. Pleasures-are rendered bitter, by being abused. 6. Quarrels— would not last long, if the faults all lay on one side. 7. True merit-is dependent, neither on season, nor on fashion. 8. Hypocrisy is the homage, which vice-renders to virtue. 9. The law-imposes on no one impossibilities. 10. Contempt of injuries, is proof of a great mind. 11. What! hope for honey from a nest of wasps? 12. Shall we creep like snails, or fly like eagles? 66 Anecdote. A stranger-went into a church-yard, where two children were setting out flowers on some graves. "Whose graves are these?" said he. Father, mother, and little Johnny lie here." "Why do They looked at him with tears, and said— you set the flowers here?" said the stranger. "We do love them so." Human ambition and human policy-labor after happiness in vain;-goodness-is the The wisdom only foundation to build on. of 167. Ventriloquism. In analyzing the sounds of our letters, and practicing them observation confirms it;-and all the world past ages-declares this truth;-our own upon different pitches, and with different acknowledge it; yet how few, how very qualities of voice, the author ascertained that few--are willing to act upon it! If the inthis amusing art can be acquired and prac-ordinate love of wealth-and parade-be not ticed, by almost any one of common organization. It has been generally supposed that ventriloquists possessed a different set of organs from most people; or, at least, that they were differently constituted; but this is altogether a misapprehension: as well might we say that the singer is differently constituted from one who does not sing. They have the same organs, but one has better command of them than the other. It is not asserted that all can become equally eminent in these arts; for there will be at least, three grand divisions; viz, good, BETTER and BEST. 168. The Thistle Sifter. Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three thousand thistles thro' the thick of his thumb: if then Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three thousand thistles thro' the thick of his thumb; see that thou, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, dost not thrust three thousand thistles through the thick of thy thumb: success to the successful thistle sifter, who doth not get the thistles in his tongue. Notes. 1. To make this lisping diphthongal sound, press the tongue against the upper front teeth, and let the breath pass between them: or pronounce the word path, and dwell on the th sound; see engraving. 2. To avoid lisping, draw the tongue back so as not to touch the teeth, and take words beginning with s, or st; see the first sound of C for examples. 3. Why should this sound be called sharp, rather than dull? 4. Exactness in articulating every vocal letter, is more important than correct spelling in composi tion; for the former is addressed to hundreds at the same instant, while the latter is submitted to one or a few at a time. checked among us, it will be the ruin of our country-as it has been, and will be, the ruin of thousands of others. But there are always two sides to a question. If it is pernicious to make money and style-the and wrong to foster prejudice against the standard of respectability, it is injuriouswealth-have different temptations; but they wealthy and fashionable. Poverty — and are equally strong. The rich-are tempted to pride-and insolence; the poor-to jealousy-and envy. The envious and discontented poor, invariably become haughtyand over-bearing, when they become rich; for selfishness-is equally at the bottom-of these opposite evils. 5. Varieties. 1. The battle of New Or- Deceit! thy reign is short: Hypocrisy, 169. Enunciation—is the utterance and Proverbs. 1. A promise performed, is precombination of the elements of language, and ferable to one made. 2. It will not always be the consequent formation of syllables, words, summer. 3. Make hay, while the sun shines. &c, as contradistinguished from the tones, 4. Cut your coat according to the cloth. 5. Pride and tuning of the voice, and all that belongs costs us more than hunger, thirst, or cold. 6. to the melody of speech. A perfect enuncia- Never spend your money before you have it. 7. tion-consists in the accurate formation of Never trouble another, for what you can do yourthe sounds of the letters, by right motions self. 8. Slanderers—are the Devil's bellows, to and positions of the organs, accompanied by is a lecture to the wise. blow up contention. 9. The loquacity of fools10. Vows made in a proper degree of energy, to impress those elements fully and distinctly on the ear; and our characters for both worlds. 12. Progressstorms, are forgotten in calms. 11. We must form the act of combining and linking those to- is the great law of our being. gether, so as to form them into words, capable of being again combined into clauses and sentences, for the full conveyance of our ideas and determinations. A Puzzle. Here's a health to all those that we love; and a health to all those that love us; and a health to all them, that love those, that love them, that love them that love those that love us. Anecdote. Half Mourning. A little girl, hearing her mother observe to another lady, that she was going into half mourning; inquired, whether any of her relations were half dead? 170. The second sound of th, is the vocal lisping: THAT; thou saidst the truths are thine, and the youths say they are theirs who walk therein; fath-er and moth-er bathe dai-ly, and their What is Ours. It is not those, who clothes and hearths are wor-thy [TH in THAT.] of them; broth-er says, where-with-al shall I ly rich; but they, who possess, and use them have riches in their possession, that are realsmoothe the scythe, to cut the laths to stop aright, and thereby enjoy them. Is he a the mouths of the moths with-out be-ing both-true christian, who has a Bible in his possesered? they gath-er wreaths be-neath the baths, sion, but does not live by the Bible? Is and sheathe their swords with swath-ing he a genuine christian, who reads, but does bands, rather than make a blith-some pother. 171. Jaw-breakers. Thou wreath'd'st and muzzl'd'st the far-fetch'd ox, and imprison'd'st him in the volcanic Mexican mountain of Pop-o-cat-a-petl in Co-ti-pax-i. Thou prob'd'st my rack'd ribs. Thou trif'd'st with his acts, that thou black'n'st and contaminated'st with his filch'd character. Thou lov'd'st the elves when thou heard'st and quick'd'n'st my heart's tuneful harps. Thou wagg'd'st thy prop'd up head, because thou thrust'd'st three hundred and thirty three thistles thro' the thick of that thumb, that thou cur'd'st of the barb'd shafts. not understand the word, and, from understanding, practice it? As well may one say, that they are rich, who have borrowed others in their possession. What do we money from others, or have the property of think of those, who go dressed in fine clothes, or ride in splendid carriages, while none of these things are their own property? Knowledges, or truths-stored up in the memory, are not ours, really and truly, unless we reduce them to practice: they are like hearsays of great travelers, of which nothing more than the sound reaches us. Under standing-does not make the man, but understanding and doing, or living accordingly. There must be an appropriation of knowledge and truth-by the affections, in deeds, or they are of no avail: "Faith, without works, is dead:" the same principle applies to a society, and to a church. Notes. 1. To make this diphthongal vocal sound, place the organs as in the preceding th, and then add the voice sound, which can be made only in the larynx. 2. The terms sharp and flat, as applied to sound, are not sufficiently definite; we might as well speak of square, round and dull sounds; at the same time it is often convenient to use such terms, in order to convey our ideas. Varieties. 1. Burgoyne-surrendered, 8. If you have imperfections of articulation, set apart an hour eve-Oct. 17, 1777, and Cornwallis, Oct. 19, '81. ry day for practice, in direct reference to your specific defects; and so of every other fault; particularly, of rapid utterance: this can be done either alone, or in company of those who can assist you. 2. Happy is that people whose rulers-rule in the fear of God. 3. Remember the past, consider the present, and provide for the fu ture. 4. He, who marries for wealth, selle his happiness for half price. 5. The covetous person is always poor. 6. If you would avoid wants, attend to every thing below you, around you, within you, and above you. 7. All the works of natural creation, are ex. hibited to us, that we may know the nature of the spiritual, and eternal; all things speak, and are a language. He was not born-to shame; Upon his brow-shame-is ashamed to sit; 5. 172. The chief source of indistinctness is Į Proverbs. 1. Self-exaltation-is the fool's precipitancy; which arises from the bad paradise. 2. That, which is bitter to endure, may method of teaching to read: the child not be- be sweet to remember. 3. The fool-is busy in ing taught the true beauty and propriety of every one's business but his own. 4. We may reading, thinks all excellence consists in give advice, but we cannot give conduct. quickness and rapidity: to him the prize Where reason-rules, appetite-obeys. 6. You seems destined to the swift; for he sets out will never repent of being patient and sober. at a gallop, and continues his speed to the Zeal, without knowledge, is like fire without light. end, regardless of how many letters, or sylla- 8. Law-makers, should not be law-breakers. 9. bles, he omits by the way, or how many the man, the greater the crime. 11. No one lives Might-does not make right. 10. The greater words he runs together. "O reform it alto- for himself. 12. No one can tell how much he gether." can accomplish, till he tries. 7. Anecdote. Wine. Said a Rev. guest to a gentleman, with whom he was dining, and who was a temperance, man: "I always think a certain quantity of wine does no harm, after a good dinner." "O no sir," replied mine host; "it is the uncertain quantity that does the mischief. 173. Wh have one sound; WHALE; wherefore are whet-stones made of whirl-winds, and whip-lashes of whirl-pools? Why does that whimsical whis-tler whee-dle the whip-por-wills with wheat? Whi-lom the wheels whipped [WH in WHIP.] the whif-fle-tree, and whir-tle-ber-ries were white-washed for wheat; the whim-per-ing whi-ning whelp, which the whigs whi-tened on the wharf was whelmed into a whirl-portunity for the improvement of their minds. i-gig as a whim-wham for a wheel-barrow of whis-ky. 174. Causes of Hoarseness. Hoarseness, in speaking, is produced by the emission of more breath than is converted into sound; which may be perceived by whispering a few minutes. The reason, why the breath is not converted into sound, in thus speaking, is, that the thorax, (or lungs,) is principally used; and when this is the case, there is always an expansion of the chest, and consequently, a lack of power to produce sounds in a natural manner: therefore, some of the breath, on its emission through the glottis, over the epiglottis, and through the back part of the mouth, chafes up their surfaces, producing a swelling of the muscles in those parts, and terminating in what is called hoarseness. Notes. 1. This diphthongal aspirate may be easily made, by whispering the imaginary word whu, (u short,) prolonging it a little. 2. Since a diphthong is a double sound and a triphthong a triple sound, there as much propriety in applying the term to consonants, as to vowels. 3. Let the pupil, in revising, point out all the Monothongs, Diphthongs, Triphthongs, and Polythongs. 4. Make and keep a list of all your deficiencies in speech and song, and practice daily for suppressing them: especially, in articulation, and false intonations; and never rest satisfied unless you can per ceive a progress towards perfection at every exercise,-for all principles are immortal, and should be continually developing themselves. How sleep the brave, who sink to rest Winter Evenings. This seems provided, as if expressly for the purpose of furnishing those who labor, with ample op The severity of the weather, and the short- Varieties. 1. The poor may be content; and the contented are rich. 2. Hypocrisy-desires to seem good, rather than to be good. 3. It is better to be beaten with few stripes, than with many stripes. 4. He who swears, in order to be believed, does not know how to counterfeit a man of truth. 5. Who was the greater monster, Nero, or Cataline? 6. Let nothing foul, or indecent, either to the eye, or ear, enter within the doors where children dwell. 7. We worship God best, and most acceptably, when we resemble him most in our minds, lives. and actions. Home how that blessed word-thrills the car! It tells of childhood's scenes so dear, And speaks-of many a cherished friend. O! through the world, where'er we roam, Though souls be pure-and lips be kind; The heart, with fondness, turns to home, Still turns to those-it left behind. 175. The pupil, in Elocution and Music, is strongly urged to attend to the right and the wrong method of producing the sounds of our letters, as well as in enunciating words. By all means, make the effort entirely below the diaphragm, while the chest is comparatively quiescent; and, as you value health and life, and good natural speaking, avoid the cruel practice of exploding the sounds, by whomsoever taught or recommended. The author's long experience, and practice, with his sense of duty, justify this protest against that unnatural manner of coughing out the sounds, as it is called. Nine-tenths of his hundreds of pupils, whom he has cured of the Bronchitis, have induced the disease by this exploding process, which ought itself to be exploded. Proverbs. 1. Truth-may be blamed, but 2. What soberness- conceals, never shamed. drunkenness-reveals. 3. Be you ever so high, the law is above you. 4 A mob-has many heads, but no brains. 5. A poor man's debt makes a -are always medgreat noise. 6. Busy-bodies· are never the whiter, for dling. 7. Crows washing themselves. 8. Good words-cost nothing, and are worth much. 9. He, who pays well, is master of every-body's purse. 10. Our knowledge-is as the rivulet; our ignorance—as the sea. 11. Consider well, before you promise. 12. Dare to do right. Anecdote. Candor. A clergyman-once preached, during the whole of Lent, in a parish, where he was never invited to dine, and, in his farewell sermon, he said to his hearers, "I have preached against every vice, except good living; which, I believe, is not to be found among you; and, thereforc, needed not my reproach." must and will-find a livelihood; nor has Society owes All a Living. Every one society the choice, whether or not to provide for its members: for if an individual is not put in a way to earn a living, he will seek it by unlawful means: if he is not educated 176. The 44 sounds of our Language, in their alphabetical order, A 4; Ale, are, all, at: B 1; bribe: C 4; cent, clock, suffice, ocean: D 2; did, fac'd: E 2; eel, ell: F2; fife, of: G-3; gem, go, rouge: H 1; hope: 12; isle, ill: J 1; judge: K1; kirk: L1; lily: M 1; mum: N 2; nun, bank: 03; old, ooze, on: P1; pipe: Q 1; queen: R 2; arm, rough: S4; so, is, sure, treasury: T2; pit, nation: U 3; mute, up, full: V1; vivid: W 2; wall, bow: X 3; flax, exist, beaux: Y 3; youth, rhyme, hymn: Z 2; zigzag, azure: Ch 3; church, chaise, chasm: Gh 3; laugh, ghost, lough: Ph 2; sphere, nephew: Th 2; thin, that: Wh 1; whale: Oi 1; oil: Ou 1; sound: the duplicates, or those hav-sistance. While, then, it has the power— ing the same sound, are printed in italics. 177. "Bowels of compassion, and loins of the mind." In the light of the principles here unfolded, these words are full of meaning. All the strong affections of the human mind, are manifested thro' the dorsal and abdominal region. Let any one look at a boy, when he bids defiance to another boy, and challenges him to combat: "Come on, I am ready for you :" and at the soldier, with his loins girded for battle: also, observe the effect of strong emotions on yourself, on your body, and where; and you will be able to see the propriety of these words, and the world of meaning they contain. If we were pure minded, we should find the proper study of physiology to be the direct natural road to the mind, and to the presence of the DEITY. Notes. 1. Make these 44 sounds, which constitute our vocal alphabet, as familiar to the ear, as the shapes of our 26 letters are to the eye; and remember, that success depends on your mastery of them; they are the a, b, c, of spoken language; health and voice. 2. Keep up the proper use of the whole body, and you need not fear sickness. 3. The only solid foundation for elocution is, a perfect knowledge of the number and nature of these 44 simple elements: error here will carry a taint throughout. and the effort to make them has a most beneficial effect on the Virtue Stands like the sun, and all, which rolls around, to lead a sober and industrious life, he will lead a life of dissipation; and if society refuse to take care of him, in his minority, he will force it to notice him-as an object of self-defence. Thus, society cannot avoid giving a livelihood to all, whom providence has placed in its bosom; nor help devoting time and expense to them; for they are by birth, or circumstances, dependent on its as to make every one-available as an honest, industrious and useful citizen, would it not be the best policy, (to say nothing of principles,) to do so; and attach all to society, by ties of gratitude, rather than put them in a condition to become enemies; a condition in which it will be necessary to punish them for an alienation, which is the natural consequence of destitution. Schools, founded on true christian principles, would, in the end, be much cheaper, and better than to support our criminal code, by the prosecu tions, incident to that state, in which many come up, instead of being brought up; and the consequent expenses attending our houses of correction, penitentiaries, &c. (of which many seem to be proud,) on the score of public justice, but of which, on the score of christian love, we have reason to be deeply ashamed. Varieties. 1. Will not our souls-continue in being forever? 2. He-is not so good as he should be, who does not strive to be better than he is. 3. Genius-is a plant, whose growth you cannot stop, without destroying it. 4. In doing nothing we learn to do ill. 5. Neither wealth, nor power, can confer happiness. 6. In heaven, (we have reason to believe,) no one considers anything as good, unless others partake of it. 7. Nothing is ours, until we give it away. Ill doers-are ill thinkers. |