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From St. James's Gazette.
THAWING A VILLAGE.

Henders would clear away the snow from his door he would be "varra obleged." Henders, however, had to come to terms first. "The chairge is saxpence, Davit!" he shouted. Then a haggling ensued. Henders must be neighborly. A plate of But

JUST five years ago several "auld lichts" got up at six o'clock in the morning to look for their village, and could not see it anywhere. I was in one of the half-broth, now—or, say, twopence. dozen two-storied houses in the place, and could have shaken hands with my friends without from the upper windows. To get out of doors you had to walk up-stairs. The outlook was a sea of snow fading into white hills and sky, with the quarry standing out red and ragged to the right like a rock in the ocean. The manse was gone, but had left its garden trees behind, their branches growing from the snow. Roofs were humps in the white blanket. The spire of the Established Kirk stood up cold and stiff, like a monument to the buried inhabitant.

Henders was obdurate. "I'se nae time to argybargy wi' ye, Davit. Gin ye're no willin' to say saxpence, I'm aff to Will'um Pyatt's. He's buried too." So the victim had to make up his mind to one of two things: he must either "say saxpence " or remain where he was.

Those of the villagers who had taken the precaution of conveying spades into their houses the night before, dug them selves out. They hobbled cautiously over the snow, sometimes sinking into it to their knees, when they stood still and slowly took in the situation. It had been snowing more or less for a week, but in a commonplace kind of way, and they had gone to bed thinking all was well. This night the snow must have fallen as if the heavens had opened up, determined to shake themselves free of it forever.

The man who first came to himself and saw what was to be done was Henders Mealmaker. Henders had no fixed occupation, being but an "orra man" about the village, and the best thing known of him was that his mother's sister was a Baptist. He feared God, man, nor the minister; and all the learning he had was obtained from assiduous study of our grocer's window. But for one brief day he had things his own way in the village, or, speaking strictly, on the top of it. With a spade, a broom, and a pickaxe, which sat lightly on his broad shoulders (he was not even back-bent, and that showed him no respectable weaver), Henders delved his way to the nearest house, which formed one of a row, and addressed the inmates down the chimney. They had already been clearing it at the other end, or his words would have been choked. "You're snawed up, Davit," cried Henders, in a voice that was entirely businesslike; “hae ye a spade?" A conversation ensued up and down this unusual channel of communication. The unlucky householder, taking no thought of the morrow, was without a spade. But if

If Henders was "promised," he took good care that no snowed-up villager should perjure himself. He made his way to a window first, and, clearing the snow from the top of it, pointed out that he could not conscientiously proceed further until the debt had been paid. "Money doon!" he cried in, as soon as he reached a pane of glass; or, "Come awa wi' my saxpence noo!"

The belief that this day had not come to Henders unexpectedly was borne out by the methodical nature of his procedure. His charges varied from sixpence to half a crown, according to the wealth and status of his victims; and when, later on, there were rivals in the snow, he had the discrimination to reduce his minimum fee to threepence. He had the honor of dig ging out three ministers at one shilling, one and threepence, and two shillings respectively.

Half-a-dozen times within the next fortnight the village was reburied in snow. This generally happened in the nighttime; but the villagers were not to be caught unprepared again. Spades stood ready to their hands in the morning, and they fought their way above ground without Henders Mealmaker's assistance. To clear the snow from the narrow wynds and streets, however, was a task not to be attempted; and the villagers rested content when enough light got into their workshops to let them see where their looms stood. Wading through beds of snow they did not much mind; but they wondered what would happen to their houses when the thaw came.

But the thaw was slow in coming. Snow during the night and several degrees of frost by day was what we began to accept as a revised order of nature. Vainly the village doctor, whose practice extended into the glens, made repeated attempts to reach his distant patients, twice driving so far into the wilderness of snow that he could neither go on nor turn back. A

ploughman who contrived to gallop ten miles for him did not get home for a week. Between the village, which is nowadays an agricultural centre of some importance, and the outlying farms communication had been cut off for a month; and we heard subsequently of one farmer who did not see a human being, unconnected with his own farm and sleeping at it, for seven weeks. Two country schools not three miles distant were closed for weeks, and even in the village there was only a sprinkling of scholars.

etrated through roofs of slate and thatch; and it was quite a common thing for a man to be flattened to the ground by a "slithering" of snow from above just as he opened his door. But it had seldom more than ten feet to fall. Most interest. ing of all was the novel sensation experi. enced as the village began to assume its familiar aspect, and objects so long buried that they had been half forgotten came back to view and use.

where it had not been piled up in walls a few feet from the houses, it remained in the narrow ways till it became a lake. It tried to escape through doorways, when it sank slowly into the earthen floors. Gentle breezes created a ripple on its surface, and strong winds lifted it into the air and flung it against the houses. It undermined the heaps of clotted snow till they tottered like icebergs and fell to pieces. Men made their way through it on stilts. Had a frost followed, the result would have been appalling; but there was no On Sundays the feeling between the more frost that winter. A fortnight passed different denominations ran high, and the before the place looked itself again, and good folk who did not go to church even then heaps of snow stood their counted those who did. In the Estab-ground in the streets, while the country lished Church there was a creditable gath-roads were like newly ploughed fields after ering, who waited in vain for the minister. rain. The heat from large fires soon penAfter a time it got abroad that a flag of distress was flying from the manse, and then it was seen that the minister was storm-staid. An office-bearer offered to conduct service; but the others present thought they had done their duty and went home. The U. P. bell did not ring at all, and the kirk gates were not opened. The Free Kirk did bravely however. The attendance in the forenoon amounted to seven, including the minister; but in the afternoon there was a turn out of upwards of fifty. How much denominational competition had to do with this, none can say ; but the general opinion was that this muster to afternoon service was a piece of vainglory. Next Sunday all the kirks were on their mettle, and, though the snow was drifting the whole day, services were general. It was felt that after the action of the Free Kirk the "Establisheds" and the U. P.'s must show what they too were capable of. So, when the bells rang at eleven o'clock and two, church-goers began to pour out of every close. If I remember aright, the victory lay with the U. P.'s by two women and a boy. What was regarded as a judgment on the Free Kirk for its boastfulness of spirit on the preceding Sunday happened during the forenoon. While the service was taking place a great clod of snow slipped from the roof and fell right against the church-door. It was some time before the prisoners could make up their minds to leave by the windows; and even yet they are not certain that it was a proper thing to do.

That was the first warning of the thaw. It froze again; there was more snow; the thaw set in in earnest; and then the streets were a sight to see. There was no traffic to turn the snow to slush, and

From St. James's Gazette. THE CROSSBILL.

THE frost and desolation of northern regions have driven down many rare birds, and we have just flushed a flock of snowbuntings in winter plumage from a field of rye-grass. The "gleades" are driven from the fells, and one or more pairs are circling the valley. Woodcock and snipe come to the springs, and duck and wild geese to the still mountain tarns. The poacher will have a glorious time with his " gins," and "springes," and nets. Now he closely scans the weather, and will at evening pass under the wood and down by the "hag" path. Heavily does he wade through the snow, his old black bitch doggedly following at his heels. And still, softly silent, the snow continues to fall.

For hours from my lookout I have been sweeping with my glass the snow-plumed pines in search of a flock of interesting birds that do not appear. But in such weather as this the crossbills always ar rive. In severe winters I have never looked in vain for them in the pine wood. There they are! - now on the upper, now

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on the lower branches; so tame that we may approach unheeded. The birds give out a constant twitter, and ever repeat their not un musical call-notes. Never still, they are constantly changing position, fluttering from branch to branch, constantly sending down showers of cones and scales, and themselves hanging in every conceivable position. Nimbly they go, parrot-like, along the under sides of the boughs, climbing and holding with bill and feet. What a babble of self-satisfied, quiet chattering comes from the feeding flock! What wonderful adaptation of means to an end in those crossed mandibles! Every third cone or so comes to the ground, but none are followed. When one is secured it is held with the foot upon the centre of a bough, and the bill quickly invades the hard material. The birds feed for an hour now, and return again late in the afternoon. The severity of the weather in no way affects them. Together they roam the fir woods, feeding indiscriminately upon the cones of fir, pine, and larch. Full of life and acimation, their movements are ever changing. Their plumage is various; bright red, orange, yellow, and green are the coats of of the individuals, but no two seem quite alike. Once, and once only, have they been observed on the confines of our garden, and then feeding upon the scarlet fruit of the rowan or mountain ash. Their partiality to this food was amply testified by their completely denuding the trees.

Here is the interesting and quaintly told account of how the crossbills first appeared in this country. "The yeere 1593 was a greate and exceeding yeere of apples; and there were greate plenty of strange birds, that shewed themselves at the time the apples were full rype who fedde uppon the kernells onely of those apples, and haveinge a bill with one beake wrythinge over the other, which would presently bore a greate hole in one of the apples, and make way to the kernells. They were of the bignesse of a bullfinch: the henne right like the henne of the bullfinch in coulour; the cocke a very glorious bird, in a manner al redde or yellowe on the brest, backe, and head. The oldest man living never heard or reade of any such like bird: and the thinge most to bee noted was, that it seemed they came out of some country not inhabited, for that they at the first would abide shooting at them, either with pellet, bowe, or other

engine, and not remove till they were stricken downe; moreover, they would abide the throweing at them with apples. They came when the apples were full rype, and went away when the apples were cleane fallen. They were very good meat." The tameness here alluded to is characteristic of the species. Fifty years ago a member of my family followed a flock of thirteen of these birds, every one of which, owing to their tameness, he shot. The birds were feeding upon two larch-trees apart from the rest of the wood, and allowed the gunner to come quite close.

The crossbill can hardly now be con sidered a rare bird in this country. It has occurred in almost every English county and has bred in a great many. And yet much of its history remains in comparative obscurity. It comes to us independent of time or season, sets no limit to its wanderings, and breeds wher ever the season may happen to find it. Nests of crossbills have been found in almost every county; and in Norway and Sweden, where the birds are plentiful, they are found to breed in winter upon the upper branches of the fir-trees. The nest is usually placed in the angle formed by a bough with the main stem. The materials of which the nest is composed are grass, moss, and fine pine boughs. The nest and eggs somewhat resemble those of our greenfinch, though they are slightly smaller. The young, when a few days old, are covered with fine down of a dark greenish color, with parallel black bars. At the time the young birds leave the nest their mandibles resemble those of the rest of the finches, and show no sign of "crossing" until the young ones begin to roam the woods with the parent birds.

The parrot crossbill is another species of the same family which has rarely oc curred in England; as is also the whitewinged. Than the common species the first is more robust in form, with the red of its plumage intensified. Except for superiority in size, so much alike are the two species that they were long spoken of merely as varietal forms. In the countries where the birds breed the parrot crossbill is rarer than its congener; though in habits the two species are almost iden tical. And this, too, may be said of the white-barred bird, laying stress on its great rarity.

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For EIGHT DOLLARS, remitted directly to the Publishers, the LIVING AGE will be punctually forwarded for a year, free of postage.

Remittances should be made by bank draft or check, or by post-office money-order, if possible. If neither of these can be procured, the money should be sent in a registered letter. All postmasters are obliged to register letters when requested to do so. Drafts, checks, and money-orders should be made payable to the order of LITTELL & Co.

Single Numbers of THE LIVING AGE, 18 cents.

IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY.

THOU work of man that stilly dost reprove Thy boastful maker's evanescent day, Steadfast alone while time and mortals move On to oblivion and to dark decay,

Oft has the child, with simple, curious eye, Slow traced the record of thy lettered stone, Whose honored age the nation brought to lie In the calm shelter that his youth had known Here the high wish, the great resolve, were 'born

In many a British heart, to ripen soon

In deeds that shine above the mantling morn, And "pluck bright honor from the pale-faced moon."

'Neath yon worn pave some poet's burning heart

Sleeps, cloddish now, whose strains on beauty's breath

Still speak the soul of love with living art,
And mock the date and epitaph of death.
Here the great warrior lies in dreamless rest,
From whose brave wounds our peace and plenty
spring;

Here Mansfield's brain and Chatham's swelling breast

Lie 'neath our feet oblivious, mouldering;
Here high Elizabeth, that towering queen,
Yields to a mightier potentate than she,
And Scottish Mary, false but fair of mien,
Sleeps neath her own wan, piteous effigy.
The snuffy verger drones his oft-conned lore,
The throngs, half careless, half-way reverent

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What of the weak things of the earth? Of those

Who found no helper, or he came too late? Of all that spectre multitude, who knows Aught of their struggle with malignant fate? Is there no Homer for the beaten side?

Are they beneath the wisdom of the wise? The pity of the good? Let fools deride; The tattered troops of Failure high I'll prize. Such the brave sailor who with all his host Slow, month by month, leashed in by fool's commands,

Rotted to death along the deadly coast,

And left the victory for another's hands. And such was he who, born to guide a State, Sunk in decay and gasping in death's throes, Fell on the threshold of the captured gate, Burst inward by the rush of Moslem foes. Spectator. HAROLD B. HARRISON.

THOUGH many cry,
What sin it is to lie,
Yet they who bear

Truth's travail-pang, how rare!
Twofold the pain

Of him who would attain
The land of light:

To clear the clouded sight,

And fashion struggling speech in words that

aim aright.

If thou through tears

And toil and trembling fears

Hast found the clue

That severs false and true,

Yet, yet beware!

For through the teeming air

(Out of the deep

Wherein thy passions sleep)

Storm-clouds may rise and break, and spoil what thou wouldst reap;

And wilt thou then,
When all is known to men,
Blameless appear, ·

In every part sincere?

Scarce will it be,

If snares have compassed thee.
Strive only this,

To atone where thou didst miss;
And trust that dark shall yield to light, and

sorrow's touch to bliss.
J. R. MOZLEY,

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