experienced no change of colour, weight, or figure, by calcination. Its component parts were The specific gravity of the red staurolite was 3.765. Its Component parts of the black, of the rea. -manganese •••• 0·25 98 Analysis of hypersten, called Labrador hornblende. Mr. Haüy was the first who distinguished this stone from Labrador, hornblende. He had classed it with the metalloid diallage, hornblende. or our bronzite; but he has lately shown, that it differs both from hornblende, and from the diallage, or smaragdite. He designates it under the name of metalloid reddish brown lamellar hypersten. heat. Its specific gravity I find to be 3.39. Before the blow- Spec grav. pipe it is infusible, but its semimetallic lustre is turned Action of blackish. If exposed to a red heat after trituration, the powder, which was of a deep ashen gray, acquires a brown red colour, and loses one per cent of its weight. Analysis Analysis of the stangenstein of Altenburg (pycnite of Hany), White schoerl As this stone has been termed shoërllike beryl, Mr. of Altenburg, Klaproth examined it for glúċine, after this earth had been discovered in the beryl and emerald by Vauquelin; but he could not find the least trace of it. He had formerly observed the great difference between it and beryl, when they were exposed to the heat of a porcelain oven; as this stone lost twenty-five per cent, and the beryl but one. This led him to conelade, in 1800, that it contained the same volatile matter as the topaz. Mr. Bucholz, apparently without knowing this had been mentioned by Mr. Klaproth, found it to be the fact; which was afterward confirmed by Vauquelin. Mr. Klaproth, having since analysed it with great care, obtained the following results. Allied to the topaz. Vauquelin. Reddish Moravian tourmalin. This analysis shows, that it is nearly allied to the topaz. The 3.3 per cent of lime found by Mr. Vauquelin are supposed by Mr. Vauquelin himself, to have been owing to the impurity of his specimen. Analysis of the reddish tourmalin of Moravia. This tourmalin is found in the mountain Hradisko, near Roczna, imbedded in a compact whitish gray quartz, or in lepidolite. It is in the form of prisms, or needles, of a peach-blossom colour, which verges in several parts to greenish, yellow, and gray white. As it is met with immediately under lepidolite, it has been taken for lepidolite crystallized; and it is under this name that Estren has given a very minute description of it, to which I refer the reader. By some preliminary trials it was soon found, that this stone was not a lepidolite; and it was then classed with the schoerlaceous beryl, or stangenstein. Mr. Hauy placed it with the red schoerl of Siberia, or siberite, with much more reason, as will appear by the following analysis: and he even classed it among the tourmalins, because its crystals have the property of attracting and repelling light substances, when they are heated. As it is not fusible like the tourmalin however, he distinguished it by the epithet apyrous. The specific gravity of the crystals detached from the Spec. grav. quartz varies, according as they are more or less old, from Rubellite The component parts of this stone therefore, and their proportions, completely justify Mr. Haüy, even in a chemi- tourmaline. cal view, for classing it with the siberite, or apyrous tourmalin; since, from a recent analysis of the latter by Mr. Vauquelin, it is composed of Cure for the foptrot in sheep, Testimony of its efficacy. XII. Method of curing the Footrot in sheep. By Mr. RICHARD SIR, THE enclosed is the recipe for the cure of the footrot in sheep, certified by the person who was my shepherd at the I am, Sir, your very obedient servant, 18, Harford Place, Walworth, April 6, 1807. To Cure the Foot Rot in Sheep in the best and most effectual Manner. In sheep thus affected, pare their hoofs, leaving no hollow to hold dirt; if there be matter formed, be particularly careful to let it out; after which, take some stale urine and wash their feet clean from dirt, and wipe them with a sponge; then put the sheep into a house or shed, the floor of which has been previously spread about two inches thick with quick lime, reduced to powder by a small quantity of water, The fresher the lime is from the kiln the better. Let the sheep stand upon it for six or seven hours, and the cure will be effected. A certificate, dated March 27, 1807, from Joseph Dun nington, stated his being shepherd to Mr. Parkinson, at Slane in Ireland, in the year 1803, and that he then witnessed the efficacy of the above remedy on a large flock of sheep. Farther certificates from the Earl of Conyngham, from Mr. Stephen Parkinson, and from Joseph Preston, shepherd to Mr. John Parkinson of Bolingbroke, confirmed the above statement. XIII, On the Use of the Italian Poplar for supporting the Vine and Hopt. IT T is well known, that in Italy the poplar is employed as a support to the vine. When thus used, it is frequently *Trans. of the Soc. of Arts, vol. XXVI, p. 126. The silver medal of the Society was voted to Mr. Parkinson. ↑ Sonnini's Bibliotheque Physico-écon. Nov. 1808, p. 311. lopped, topped, that its branches may not spread so as to be injuri ous. Mr. Hubert, counsellor of the bailiwick of Iphofen, in and the hop. Franconia, says, in a paper on the cultivation and use of the poplar, that it may be planted to support the hop, and would be an advantageous substitute for the poles usually employed, which occasion a considerable consumption of wood. lar recòm The poplar, particularly the Carolina, populus angulata, Carolina popgrows in the poofest soil, its leaves are good food for cattle, mended: and its wood is employed for various purposes. Much would be saved therefore by employing it in our hop grounds. We may presume it would not deprive the hop of its nutriment; and its leaves, after having sheltered the hop from injurious winds, would serve as manure when they fell. Every species of poplar does not appear to be equally but perhaps the Italian prewell adapted to the support of the hop, The Italian pop-table lar, populus fastigiata, perhaps deserves a preference. Beside its growth being very rapid, as it attains the height Its advantages: of 60 or 70 feet in 20 years, its branches do not spread so much as those of other species. If barked a twelvemonth before it is felled, or indeed when cut down if it be at the time the sap is rising, its wood acquires great hardness, and Wood: it is not liable to be injured by the worm. As fuel indeed its quality is but indifferent, as it does not afford much heat. XIV. Analysis of the Root of Valerian: by Mr. TROMMSDORFF. THE root of valerian, valeriana officinalis L., loses 0-75 by Valerian root loses 0.75 by drying. Twelve pounds of the dried, or 48 of the fresh root, drying. distilled with water, yield 2 ounces of volatile oil. This Essential oil. oil is very fluid, and of a greenish cast. Its smell is strong, penetrating, and more camphory than that of the root. Its spec. grav., at 20° R. [77° F.], is 0.934. Its taste is aromatic, and camphory, but not burning. The action of light Annales de Chimie, vol. LXX, p. 95. turns |