Marshalsea.

THIS prison belongs to the same court, and has been peculiarly appropriated to the confinement of persons accused of piracy, and other offences on the high seas.

New Prison for Debtors, in White-Cross Street.

THIS prison has been lately erected with the benevolent purpose of confining those unfortunate persons who would otherwise have been incarcerated with felons of every description under the walls of Newgate.

It will be sufficient to give the following short summary of what remains under this head.

1. Ludgate-appropriated only to debtors who are freemen of the city of London, clergymen, proctors, or attornies.

2. Savoy:-exclusively devoted to deserters and military delinquents.

3. New Prison, Clerkenwell, jail for Middlesex:-for felons, and persons fined.

4. Prison for the Liberty of the Tower of London:-is only used for soldiers belonging to the Tower.

5. Whitechapel Prison:-for debtors in the 51. court.

The following are Houses of Correction.

1. The City Bridewell, Bridge Street, Blackfriars.

2. Tothill-Fields Bridewell.

3. Cold Bath Fields Penitentiary House. 4. New Bridewell, Southwark.

5. County Jail for Surrey, in the Borough of Southwark:-for felons and debtors.

6. New Jail, Southwark, or Borough Compter:-for felons and debtors.

7. Clink, for the district of that wark.

8. New Penitentiary, Milbank.

name, South

. Besides these, there are various lock-up houses, commonly called spunging-houses, belonging to the sheriffs' officers, who are ready to extend the accommodations of their private rooms for a valuable consideration, till the person under arrest finds the means of satisfying his creditor, or, with a view to less expense, wishes to be removed to public prison.

a

CHAPTER VII.

RELIGION OF THE METROPOLIS.

PLACES OF WORSHIP.

General Summary.

LONDON is distinguished by the number and variety of its places of worship. It contains 116 churches of the established religion, above 80 chapels of ease on the establishment, in those parishes in which the population is too great for their respective churches; 11 Roman Catholic chapels; 17 churches and chapels belonging to foreign Protestants; 6 synagogues of the Jews; and 132 meeting-houses of the different denominations of English Protestant dissenters.

Of the 116 churches above mentioned, 74 are within the walls of the city; 10 without the walls; 9 in the city and liberties of Westminster; 5 in the borough of Southwark; and 18 in the suburbs. Of these we can only par ticularize a few; for descriptions of the whole would require a large volume. We recommend, therefore, to the curious examiner, the perusal of those works to which we have already referred. Pre-eminent above all the buildings of the metropolis is the

Cathedral of St. Paul.

THIS church holds the most distinguished rank among the modern works of architecture in the British empire; and is, doubtless, the most magnificent Protestant church in the world. The original cathedral was commenced in the year 610, by Ethelbert, king of Kent; and the building, and its revenues and privileges, were greatly increased by succeeding sovereigns.

This structure was destroyed by a conflagration in 1086; after which, Maurice, then bishop of London, commenced the magnificent edifice which immediately preceded the present cathedral. Of such magnitude was the building, that neither Maurice nor his successor, De Belmeis, were able to complete the undertaking, though each of them presided twenty years, and expended great sums in the prosecution of it. The latter prelate appropriated the whole revenue of his bishoprick to the carrying on of the work, and supported himself and family by other means. After his death, the building was for some time suspended; and the eastern part, or choir, was burnt in the year 1135. At what period it was restored is uncertain. The grand ceremony of its consecration was performed in the year 1240. Large additions were afterwards made to the structure; and it was not till the year 1315 that the church was entirely completed, being 225 years from the time of its foundation by Maurice.

This ancient cathedral must always be re