PREFACE.

HE prefent Volume, we hope, will be regarded

THE

by our Readers as an additional proof of industry, and punctuality in the fulfilment of our engagements to bring up this progreffive Work to the latest years, with as much expedition as is confiftent with those principles which in both its fpirit and ftyle, we wish it to be uniformly governed. It is not an eafy matter to comprefs that multiplicity of striking events which accompanies the commence. ment of a great and important æra in the hiftory of the world, nearly within the accustomed bounds of our preced ing volumes, agreeably to the maxims explained in a former preface.

The narrative which, by means of private communications, as well as various, and fome of these very recent publications, we have been enabled to give of the war in La Vendée, during 1793 and 1794, will, we doubt not, greatly interest every class of our readers. On every subject we have been careful to investigate the truth; and candid, unbiassed, and determined in representing and recording it. If, notwithftanding that care and this difpofition, we have involuntarily

fallen into any mistake, we are willing and defirous to correct it, and repair any injury to truth, if any fuch mistake or fuck injury fhall be pointed out to our conviction, in our subsequent volumes.

The affairs of Poland, our readers will obferve, are occa fionally mentioned, both in our hiftory of other European nations, and in the debates in the British parliament. To have given an account fufficiently copious of thefe affairs, interesting and instructive, even beyond the ufual tenor of the present times, fo fruitful in novelty, would have rendered the present greatly difproportioned to the other divifions of this Work. In our next volume we fhall refume the hif tory of Poland, and deduce it from the period of the new constitution in 1791, through the fecond partition of that kingdom in 1793, to its final difmemberment and partition in 1795, when it ceafed to exift as an independent nation.So interefting a tragedy will be exhibited more properly, and with greater advantage in continuity, than if it were interrupted by intervals of time, and detailed in different volumes.

THE

RE:--,

ANNUAL REGISTER,

For the YEAR 1794.

THE

HISTORY

OF

EURO P E.

CHAP. I.

Ideas entertained of the Power and Situation of France by the Coalefced Powers at the Commencement of the War. Their mutual Sufpicion. Their Prefumption on their frft Succeffes. Clofe of the Campaign in 1793 unfavourable to them in the NetherLands and on the Rhine. Activity of the French in preparing for the next Cam paign. Numbers and Refolution of their Armies. Abilities of their ruling Men. Prodigious Preparations of the French for the Campaign of 1794. Willingness with which they fubmit to Burthens in Support of their Caufe. Their military Lift double to that of the Coalefced Powers. The Promotion and Military Talents of Jourdain, Hoche, and Pichegru. Aptitude and Patience of the common People in France in the enduring of Hardhips. Violence and Impetuofity of the French in Allion. Bravery and Difcipline of the Auftrian Armies. Enthufiafm and Perfeverance of the French Soldiers in attacking their Enemies. Colonel Mack Jent by the Imperial Court to concert Measures for the enfuing Campaign with the British Miniftry. Project of the French relating to the Netherlands discovered and fruftrated. Hopes of the Republican Adminiftration in confequence of the Rivalship fubfifting between the Houfes of Auftria and Brandenburgh. The Duke of Brunswick difcontented as the Manner of conduding the War. His Refignation of the Command of the Pruf Jian Armies. Pernicious Effects refulting to the Confederacy from the mutual Jea loufies of Auftria and Brandenburgh. Advantages arifing to the French from that Caufe. French and Prufian Commiffioners meet at Frankfort, on the Pretence of Jettling an Exchange of Prifoners. Sufpicions of the Public on this Occafion. Pocy of the Pruffian Miniftry in its Conduct with the Members of the Confederacy. VOL, XXXVI.

B

Idea

Ideas of the People of England respecting the Views of Prufia. The King of Prus faeclares his Refolution to resede from the Confederacy against France, and af-2 Agus bis Reasons for taking this Step. He withdraws his Troops from the Confede rates. Endeavours of the Emperor to procure the Acceffion of the Empire to the Defigns of the Coalition against France, and to obtain Supplies from the Diet. He propofes the Raifing of the People in a/Mass, but is oppofed by the Pruffian Deputy Prejudice to the Cause of the Confederasy from thefe Difagreements. Subfidiary Treaty concluded between Great Britain and Pruffa. Difcontents produced thereby among great Numbers of the People in England. Their Sufpicions of the good Faith both of the Auftrian and Pruffian Minifters. Movements of the French Armies in. the Netherlands. Condition of the Auftrian Forces, and thofe of the other Confede rales. A Council of War held by the Allies. Plan of the enjuing Campaign proposed by the Auftrian Miniftry. Produces an Altercation, which ends in a Determination of the Emperor to command the Confederate Army in Perfon. He repairs to Bruffels, and is inaugurated as Sovereign of the Austrian Netherlands. He affumes the Command of the Allied Army. The French attacked and defeated near Landrecy. Siege of that Town undertaken. The French attack the Troops of the Hereditary Prince of Orange, and are repulsed. They obtain fome Advantages over General Alvinzy, but are forced to retire. They are attacked by the Duke of York, and obliged to retreat to Cambria. The Duke attacked by the French, but compels them to retire with Lofs. They are repulfed at the fame Time by Prince Cobourg. General Pichegru attacks General Clairfait, defeats him, and takes Menin and Courtrai. Landrecy furrenders to the Allies. General Jourdain invades the Duchy of Luxembourg, and defeats the Auftrian Gener at Beaulieu. The Duke of York attacked by the French near Tournai. The French repulfed. They force General Clairfait to abandon Courtrai with great Lofs. They are defeated by General Kaunitz, near Mons. The Allies attack the French in the Neighbourhood of Life, and gain fome Advantages. The French attack the Allies, and obtain a complete Victory. Principal Caufes of their Succeffes. Great Defeat of the French, who are driven back as far as Lifle. Again defeated with great Lofs by General Kaunitz. Bouillon taken by the Auftrians, under General Beaulieu, who defeats a large Body of French. He is compelled by General Jourdain to retire towards Namur. The French defeated with great Slaughter by the Hereditary Prince of Orange, and forced to withdraw from Charleroy. The Siege of Charleroy refumed. Battle of Fleurus, wherein the Allies are entirely defeated, and lofe great Numbers. Debilitated State of their Army. Charleroy furrenders to the French. Ypres befieged by General Moreau, who gains a great Victory over Clairfait, and takes that Town. "Confequences of these two Events. Bruges fubmits to the French. The Duke of York moves towards Oudenard. Tournai furrenders to the Frencht. Oudenar d *taken.

*