of pure water, with or without the assistance of heat, as may for the sake of expedition be preferred. And I do again separate the said soap by the addition of common culinary salt; and I do repeat the said process of solution and separation a greater number of times if necessary; and I do declare that the chief intention and purpose of the said process is to render the soap more perfectly neutral, by separating any uncombined alkali which may have subsisted in the first making, and also to throw up any uncombined oil in case the boiling should not have been carried to the precise point which is needful for the formation of good soap. And farther, I do declare that I do make use of the same process for purifying and perfectly neutralizing such soaps as have been already made and completed in the common way, by myself or other manufacturers; in order to which it is convenient that the solid soap should be rasped or scraped, or dried and pulverised, or otherwise divided by mechanical means, for the purpose of expediting the diffusion and solution, or suspension, of the same in the fluid. And farther, that I do manufacture à soap of uncommon beauty, closeness, and uniformity of texture, by the use and application of alcohol or ardent spirit, as follows; namely, I make a pure soap, or purify soap already made, by using the processes hereinbefore described; or in case I find upon examination that the soap intended is sufficiently pure, I take the same without farther preparation, and in preference I do subdivide the same into shavings, or small portions, by the means herein before mentioned; and I do make a mixture of about one part, by weight, of the spirit, and two parts, or thereabouts, of the pure soap, but these proportions

proportions will admit of considerable variations; and I do cause the same to unite by moderate boiling, and in this state I pour the same into moulds, to be divided into lengths, or squares, or cakes, or other fit proportions, for sale; and I do expose the said lengths, squares, cakes, or proportions, in a fit place or apartment, kept at a proper temperature for drying or evaporating the solvent or spirit, or a considerable portion thereof, in order that the density and consistence of the said soap may increase, and its parts become so intimately applied to each other, as to produce a beautiful degree of transparency. And, lastly, I do declare that in some cases I add a portion of sugar or saccharine matter to the mixture when a less degree of firmness is required; and that I do, as occasion may require, add such well-known materials as may be needful to give any particular odour, or scent, or colour, as may be thought or found most agreeable to the purchasers, and concerning which said materials no particular instructions are necessary, because I follow the usual practice in the use and application thereof, and do not consider the same as constituting any part of my said improve

ments.

In witness whereof, &c. .

Aaa 2

Specification

Specification of the Patent granted to WILLIAM LESTER, of Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer; for an improved rotary Motion or Engine to communicate power to Machines. Dated June 19, 1806.

With a Plate.

To all all to whom these presents shall come, &c. NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I the said William Lester do hereby declare that my said invention is fully described and ascertained by the following description, and the drawings hereto attached.

A A, Fig. 1 (Plate XIV.) the shafts or levers to which the horses or oxen are yoked, B B cast-iron sockets in which the levers are fixed; in the centre of which is a female screw, Fig. 3, into which the male screw E works, which prevents the shafts dragging the horses forward when they stop suddenly, when it is attached to a machine that has great velocity. D a cylinder of castiron bolted to B, which is bored to receive the screw E, and turned to work in the cylinder C C, which is also made of cast-iron and bored, to which the step 10 is bolted to receive the toe of the screw E. FF a horned wheel, made of cast-iron, round which the rope or chain G works, also round the horned pinion H, which is cast on the back of the bevel-wheel, to give the vertical motion J. I a cast-iron chair, fixed upon the portable tripod L. Ka horned wheel, working vertically, round which the rope O works; also round a horned pinion, which is fixed upon the machine, to which the power is communicated. LL portable tripods, which expand and contract to raise or lower the engine to the

size

.