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The following table shows the value of the leading articles of import and export in 1882 :

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The quantity of corn exported rose from 7,299,247 cwt. in 1881 to 11,273,503 cwt. in 1882, and flour from 1,221,821 to 1,783,853. The trade of Hungary was divided as follows for 1882: imports from Austria, 18,000,000l.; other countries, 5,000,000l.; exports to Austria, 19,000,000l.; other counties, 9,000,0001.

About two-thirds of the whole commerce of the Austrian Empire, both as regards imports and exports, is carried on with Germany. The next important market for Austria is Roumania, the importations of which into the Empire average 4,000,000l. in value, and the exports to which are above 5,000,000l. sterling; Roumania is followed, but at a long distance, by Italy and Russia. Of the total commerce six-sevenths is by land and the remainder by sea, mainly through Trieste.

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The commercial intercourse of Austria with the United Kingdom is comparatively small; and it appears in the official returns smaller than it is in reality, owing to the geographical position of the Empire, which necessitates the transit of many Austrian goods destined for the British market, and vice versa, through other countries,

as the exports, or imports of which they come to figure. In the Board of Trade returns, therefore, only the direct exports and imports to and from Great Britain and Ireland, by way of the Austrian seaboard, Trieste, Illyria, Croatia, and Dalmatia, are given. The declared real value of these direct exports and imports in the ten years from 1873 to 1882 is shown in the following table:

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The staple article exported to the United Kingdom from Austria is corn and flour, the total value of which, in the year 1882, amounted to 1,652,7981. This comprised barley, valued 57,3247.; wheat, valued 4,2617., and wheat flour, valued 1,581,116.

The principal imports of British and Irish produce into Austria are cotton manufactures and iron, the former of the value of 246,3431., and the latter of 81,8477. in 1882. Among the miner articles of British imports are jute manufactures, 30,6987.; machinery, 64,9407.; oil-seed, 65,9301.; coals, and woollen goods.

Of the total area of Austria-Hungary 94 per cent. is productive. The total acreage of Austria proper under crops, fallow and grass, is 46,108,070; under woods and forests, 23,280,412; meadows and perennial pasture, 11,310,533 acres. In 1881 the leading agricultural products were as follow:

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The total value of the landed property of Austria is estimated (1880) at 772,134,900., and the gross annual production at 175,644,2437. In 1880 Austria possessed 1,463,282 horses, 8,584,077 cattle, 3,841,340 sheep, 2,721,541 swine, and 1,006,675 goats; the total value of the live-stock being estimated at 48,699,2487.

The total productive area of Hungary is over 76,500,000 acres, of which, in 1881, 20,817,624 acres were under crops, 22,514,450 under woods and forests, and the remainder under grass, meadows, and pasture. The agricultural returns are as follow for 1881 :

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The total value of the cereal crops in 1881 was 52,464,300l.

Hungary in 1880 had 1,819,508 horses, 4,597,543 cattle, 9,552,123 sheep, and 236,552 goats. In Hungary and Transylvania alone there are 2,500,000 separate agricultural holdings.

The following table shows the quantities and values of the leading minerals and of the furnace products of Austria in 1882:

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In 1881 Austria imported 2,200,000 tons of coal and exported 3,661,000; of iron ore she imported 119,000 tons and exported 14,829 tons. The total number of persons engaged in mining in 1882 was 87,217, and in metal works 11,652. The total value of the mining products of Hungary, raw and worked, in 1881 was 1,916,5347.; in addition to which, the product of the salt-mines was valued at 1,175,2321.

The following are the railway statistics of Austria for January 1,

1883:

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Total receipts for 1882, 23,224,7211. In the Austrian budget for 1884 the sum of 2,877,000l. is devoted to the construction of new State lines. The work of the Post Office in Austria-Hungary was as follows in the 1881:year

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On the 1st of January 1881, there were 4,033 Post Offices in Austria Proper, and 2,414 in the kingdom of Hungary.

The following are the telegraph statistics of Austro-Hungary for 1882:

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In Bosnia and Herzegovina are 70 offices, 1,560 miles of line; messages in 1882, 373,352.

The following tabular statement shows the strength of the commercial marine of Austria-Hungary in 1883 :

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In 1881 47,796 vessels, of 6,301,519 tons, entered, and 47,505 vessels, of 6,299,120 tons, cleared Austrian seaports. Of the former 38,056, of 5,478,240 tons, and of the latter 37,835, of 5,476,449 tons, were Austrian.

Of great importance for the commerce of the Empire is the 'Gesellschaft des Oesterreichisch-Ungarischen Lloyd,' established at Trieste in 1833. The company, which owned on the 1st of January 1882, a fleet of 78 vessels, of 69,877 tons, mainly Clydebuilt, and superintended by British engineers, absorbs the greater part of the trade of Austria with the East, through the Suez Canal, being subsidized, at the rate of 173,000l. per annum, by the Imperial Government.

The navigation of the Danube is carried on under regulations agreed to at the Berlin Conference of 1878, and subsequently modified at a conference of the delegates of the leading powers (Great Britain, Germany, Austria, Russia, France, Italy and Turkey), which met in London in 1883. From its mouths to the Iron Gates it is regarded as an international highway, the interests of the several states being specially provided for. The navigation is under the superintendence of a mixed commission of one delegate each for Austria, Bulgaria, Roumania and Servia, with a delegate appointed for six months by the signatory powers in turn. The Commission has its seat at Giurgevo, in Roumania. The arrangement lasts for 21 years from April, 1883. Engaged in the Danube traffic are (Austrian) 186 steamers and 726 tugs; the goods carried in 1882 weighed 19,978,890 tons.

Diplomatic Representatives.

1. OF AUSTRIA-HUNGARY IN GREAT BRITAIN.
Ambassador-Count A. Károlyi de Nagy-Károly, Ambassador to the German
Empire from December 1871 to December 1878. Accredited Ambassador to
Great Britain, February 4, 1879.

Councillor of Embassy-Ladislaus von Hengelmüller Hengervar.
Secretaries-Baron von Wacken; Count Lützow.

Naval and Military Attaché-Capt. Baron Fredrick von Haan.

2. OF GREAT BRITAIN IN AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

Ambassador-Sir Augustus Berkeley Paget, K.G.C.B., born in 1821; Envoy to the Netherlands, 1854-56; to Portugal, 1857-58; to Prussia, 1858-59; to Denmark, 1859-66; to Portugal, 1866-67; to Italy, 1867-83. Appointed Ambassador to Austria-Hungary, December 1883.

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