Ascott drew himself up a little, and his will not always remain as John Smith, drugchest heaved visibly under the close-but- gist's shopman, throwing away all your good toned, threadbare coat. education and position and name ?"

“Well, at least it is a life that makes nobody else miserable."

Ay, that wonderful teacher, Adversity,

"Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head,"

had left behind this jewel in the young man's heart. A disguised, beggared outcast, he had found out the value of an honest name; forsaken, unfriended, he had learned the preciousness of home and love; made a servant of, tyrannized over, and held in low esteem, he had been taught by hard experience the secret of true humility and charity -the esteeming of others better than himself.

She thought the question over in her clear head; clear still, even at this hour, when she had to think for others, though all personal feeling and interest were buried in that grave over which the sexton was now laying the turf that would soon grow smoothly green.

"If I might advise, Mr. Leaf, I should say, save up all your money, and then go, just as you are, with an honest, bold front, right into my master's house, with the fifty pounds in your hand

"By Jove, you've hit it!" cried Ascott, starting up. "What a thing a woman's head is! I've turned over scheme after scheme, but I never once thought of any so simple as that. Bravo, Elizabeth! You're a remarkable woman."

Not with all natures does misfortune so work, but it did with his. He had sinned; he had paid the cost of his sin in bitter suffering; but the result was cheaply bought, and he already began to feel that it was so. "Yes," said he, in answer to a question of Elizabeth's, "I really am, for some things, happier than I used to be. I feel She smiled a very sad smile-but still more like what I was in the old days, when she felt glad. Anything that she could posI was a little chap at Stowbury! Poor old sibly do for any creature belonging to her Stowbury! I often think of the place in a dear mistresses seemed to this faithful serway that's perfectly ridiculous. Still, if any-vant the natural and bounden duty of her thing happened to me, I should like my aunts life. to know it, and that I didn't forget them." Long after the young man, whose mercu"But, sir," asked Elizabeth, earnestly,rial temperament no trouble could repress, "do you never mean to go near your aunts had gone away in excellent spirits, leaving again ?"

her an address where she could always find "I can't say; it all depends upon circum- him, and give him regular news of his aunts, tances. I suppose," he added, "if, as is though he made her promise to give them, said, one's sin is sure to find one out, the as yet, no tidings in return, Elizabeth sat same rule goes by contraries. It seems poor still, watching the sun decline and the shadCliffe once spoke of me to a district visitor, ows lengthen over the field of graves. In the only visitor he ever had; and this gen- the calmness and beauty of this solitary tleman, hearing of the inquest, came yester-place an equal calm seemed to come over day to inquire about him of me; and the her; a sense of how wonderfully events had end was that he offered me a situation with linked themselves together and worked a person he knew, a very respectable chemist in Tottenham Court Road." "And shall you go?"

"To be sure. I've learned to be thankful for small mercies. Nobody will find me out or recognize me. You didn't. Who knows? I may even have the honor of dispensing drugs to Uncle Ascott of Russell Square.

"But," said Elizabeth, after a pause, “you

themselves out; how even poor Tom's mournful death had brought about this meeting, which might end in restoring to her beloved mistresses their lost sheep, their outcast, miserable boy. She did not reason the matter out, but she felt it, and felt that in making her in some degree his instrument God had been very good to her in the midst of her desolation.

It seemed Elizabeth's lot always to have

to put aside her own troubles for the trouble | could not. She hid herself partly behind of somebody else. Almost immediately after the door, afraid of passing Ascott; dreadTom Cliffe's death her little Henry fell ill ing alike to wound him by recognition or with scarlatina, and remained for many non-recognition. But he took no notice. months in a state of health so fragile as to He seemed excessively agitated. engross all her thought and care. It was with difficulty that she contrived a few times to go for Henry's medicines to the shop where "John Smith" served.

"I see you don't know me, Mr. Ascott, and it's not surprising. But I have come to repay you this," he laid a fifty-pound note "down on the table. "Also to thank you earnestly for not prosecuting me, and to say

Elizabeth is still living-which is a great blessing, for nobody could well do without her. She will probably attain a good old age; being healthy and strong, very equable in temper now, and very cheerful too, in her quiet way. Doubtless, she will yet have Master Henry's children climbing her knees, and calling her "Mammy Lizzie.” But she will never marry. She never

But long, long after, when all the house loved anybody but Tom.

From The Examiner. troduction of Spanish rule began their Travels in Peru and India, while Superin- misfortunes. Mr. Markham, however, in tending the Collection of Cinchona Plants opposition to the popular notion, endorses and Seeds in South America, and their In- Mr. Helps's assertion that "the humane and troduction into India. By Clements R. Markham, F.S.A., F.R.G.S., Corr. Mem. benevolent laws, which emanated from time of the University of Chile, Author of to time from the Home Government, ren"Cuzco and Lima." With Maps and Il-dered the sway of the Spanish monarchs lustrations. Murray.

over the conquered nations as remarkable for mildness as any, perhaps, that has ever been recorded in the pages of history." The fault lay with the subordinates, who, being as a body untrustworthy, rapacious, and remorselessly cruel, wore so far removed from the fountain of justice that the benign laws became a dead letter, and the natives, during three hundred years, were ground to the

IN Mr. Markham's work as secretary of the Hakluyt Society and editor of some of its publications, we have lately had to notice the advantages arising from personal acquaintance with a considerable portion of South America, obtained in the course of his antiquarian and ethnological explorations in that region. The same knowledge made him an efficient agent of the Indian Govern- earth. It has been so in our own day with ment in its commendable project for intro- Cuban slavery. The laws of Spain being ducing the Peruvian bark into India. The more merciful, the Spanish slaveholders less undertaking, urged by Dr. Forbes Royle in merciful, than those of Carolina. The first 1839 as necessary for the supply of a drug tyrants known to the Peruvians were Pizarro, indispensable in the treatment of Indian who rebelled against the government which fevers, was unsuccessfully entered upon in bade him be friendly to the Indians, and 1852, and, owing to the special difficulties Belalcazar, who evaded his orders after a of the work, might never have been resumed fashion which gave foundation to the Spanbut for the proffered services of Mr. Mark- ish proverb, " He obeys, but fulfils not." The ham. Under Lord Stanley's direction, how- example of the one or the other wrs followed ever, a new attempt was made in 1859, and by all their successors, and consequently the its complete success, after three years' labor, population declined in two centuries from is recorded in a book which also sketches thirty millions to three. In recent times, and faithfully and effectively the past and pres- especially since the establishment of indepenent condition of Peru and its inhabitants. dence in Peru, the natives have fared better. "So far as my experience extends," says Mr. Markham, "and after a careful consideration of the subject, I can see no grounds for resigning the hope that a brighter future is yet in store for the land of the Incas."

The wealth and refinement of Peru under its Incas are fully detailed by Prescott. Mr. Markham describes traces of a much more ancient civilization. One district, on the north side of the Lake of Umayu, is covered with ruins, four of them being towers of The entire population of Peru is at presfinely cut masonry, with the sides of the ent rather under two millions; the laboring stones skilfully dovetailed. The most per- people being chiefly Indians, with a proporfect of the four has a broad rounded cornice tion of negroes and zambos, a caste between and a vaulted roof, with a vaulted chamber the two, and the upper classes comprising a underneath containing human bones. On very few of pure Spanish descent, a few pure another is a great lizard, the national animal Indians, and a large body of half-castes. of the early Indians, carved in relief on a The Indian blood carries with it much enstone measuring six feet by three. The only ergy, and at any rate equal ability with that tradition that Mr. Markham could glean derived from Europe; and the whole nation from the people in the neighborhood was, is described as quick and intelligent, very that in the middle of the eleventh century a hospitable and forgiving, but fickle and volman and woman, calling themselves the chil-atile, often indolent, and rarely persevering. dren of the sun, came and founded the Empire of the Incas among the earlier residents. Under the dominion of their brother Indians these primitive people, called Aymaras, enjoyed peace and multiplied. With the in

Mr. Markham contradicts the statement, frequently made, that since the war of independence Peru has been in a constant state of civil war, and shows that, of the thirtyseven years and a half of its life as a repub

lic, twenty-eight and a half have been passed in peace, two in foreign war, and seven in civil dissensions. The disputes have arisen "partly from the follies of long ago in fixing vexatious boundaries, and partly from the difficulties in the way of inventing any plan of government agreeable both to the half of the people living near the capital and to the half thinly scattered about the provinces. Between the years 1834 and 1844 occurred a miserable series of insurrections and of flying governments, each more selfish and pusillanimous than, its predecessors, under which the honest statesmen were forced to retire into private life and wait for a fit time for action. Ten years of prosperity followed, during six of which the government was in the hands of General Castilla, an old Indian of sterling worth and ability. The malversations of his successor, General Echenque, kindled a new insurrection in 1854, of which the end was that Castilla was recalled to power, but surrounded by men who forced the adoption of some unfortunate experiments in the theory of government. A new constitution was set up in 1860, reversing many of the former absurd and injurious arrangements, and restoring the best of the original provisions. This government Mr. The special subject of Mr. Markham's Markham considers "as good a one as the book, however, is the quinine-yielding Cincountry is fit for, and capable, in firm and chona plant, so called because the Countess honest hands, of meeting all the present re- of Cinchon, whose husband was Viceroy quirements of the people." Admitting that of Peru early in the seventeenth century, there are many bad men waiting for an op- was the first European whom it cured of inportunity of disorder which may turn to termittent fever. Returning to Spain in their selfish advantage, he believes that the 1640, she brought a quantity of the healing present masters of power are thoroughly bark, which, being sold by her physician for patriotic. Castilla, now about seventy years one hundred reals the pound, at once beold, is "an excellent soldier, brave as a lion, came famous, and was named after her by prompt in action, and beloved by his men.' "Linnæus. From that time it was steadily He is too exclusively devoted to his profes- exported by the Jesuit missionaries and sion to care anything for the improvement largely used by Romanists, although for of the people by encouraging education or many years the Protestants opposed it on promoting public works, but he does good religious grounds. In 1726 La Fontaine service by maintaining peace while men as made it the subject of an epic poem, but not honest and of larger mind are preparing to till a later day was it known that the bark succeed him. One of these is Juan Manuel bought from the Indians, who gathered it del Mar, an able lawyer, and a friend to in forests unexplored by white men, came every enlightened scheme for benefiting the from a tree almost unrivalled in the exquination. Another is Dr. Vigil, a Roman site beauty of its leaves and the delicious Catholic clergyman of singularly liberal fragrance of its flowers. In 1743 La Conviews, anxious to establish toleration of all damine visited Loxa and collected some sects, and independence of the rule of the plants to transfer to Paris, but they were Papacy. "One of his strongest convictions washed overboard in the passage; and in is that priests will never lead virtuous lives 1771 Jussieu took a similar disaster so much

until they are humanized by family ties, and that, while now they live for the Church, that is, for themselves and their order, they ought to live for their flocks. A third patriot, and perhaps the one from whom most is to be hoped, is Mariano Paz Soldan, who among his various good public works has already succeeded in substituting for the villanous prisons of former days a penitentiary constructed on the best English and American models. With such leaders, and with the large natural resources of the country, it may be possible to make of Peru a quiet, working State. 'Every nation has its be ginning, an inevitable and perhaps necessarily rough ordeal to undergo, and South America must not expect to make a leap that no other country has been able to do." Thus Mr. Markham passes with his kindly gloss over the confusion of the South American republics, in whose easily stirred revolutions European traders are, we fear, only too apt to speculate. There have been, travellers tell us, revolutions good for a week's anarchy manufactured in a morning by a clever merchant who has a shipload of goods that he would like to get in or send out duty free.