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529. MALICE, or Spite, is a habitual malevolence, long continued, and watching occasion to exert itself on the hated object; this hateful disposition sets the jaws and gnashes the teeth, sends blasting flashes from the eyes, stretches the mouth horizontally, clinches the fists, and bends the elbows in a straining manner to the body; the tone of voice, and expression, are much the same as in anger, but not so loud; which see. These two engravings represent, the smaller one, revengeful hatred, and the other, abhorrence, fear, contempt, without power, or

courage.

How like a fawning publican he looks!
I hate him, for he is a christian,
But more, for that, in low simplicity,

He .ends out money gratis, and brings down
The rates of usance, here with us in Venice.
If I can catch him-once upon the hip,
I will feed fat-the ancient grudge I bear him.
He hates our sacred nation, and he rails,
(Even there where merch❜nts most do congregate,)
On my bargains, and my well-won thrift;
Which he calls interest. Cursed be my tribe,
If I forgive him.

MELANCHOLY-discloses its symptoms accord ing to the sentiments and passions of the minde it affects. An ambitious man fancies himself a lord, statesman, minister, king, emperor, or monarch, and pleases his mind with the vain hopes of even future preferment. The mind of a covetous man sees nothing but his re or spe, and looks at the most valuable objects with an eye of hope, or with the fond conceit, that they are already his own. A love-sick brain adores, in romantic strains, the lovely idol of his heart, or sighs in real misery, at her fancied frowns. And a scholar's mind evaporates in the fumes of imaginary praise and literary distinction.

Anecdote. Routs. "How strange it is," said a lady, "that fashionable parties should be called routs? Why, rout, formerly sig nified-the defeat of an army; and when soldiers were all put to flight, or to the sword, they were said to be routed!" "This title has some propriety too;" said an observer of men and things, "for at these meetings, whole families are frequently routed out of

house and home."

Varieties. 1. Agriculture-is the true foundation of all trade and industry; and of course, the foundation of individual and national riches. 2. When the moon, on a clear, autumnal evening, is moving through the heavens in silent glory, the earth-seems like a slumbering babe, smiling in its sleep, because it dreams of heaven. 3. The truths of science are not only useful, in themselves, but their influence is exceedingly beneficial in mental culture. 4. Let your amusements be select and temperate, and such as will fit you for the better performance of your du ties; all others are positively injurious. 5. Raise the edifice of your virtue and happi

530. MELANCHOLY, or Fixed Grief, is gloomy, sedentary, and motionless. The lower jaw falls, the lips are pale, the eyes cast down, half shut, the eyelids swollen and red, or livid tears trickling silently and unmixed,ness, on the sure foundation of true religion, with total inattention to anything that passes. Words, if any, are few, and those dragged out rather than spoken; the accents weak and interrupted, sighs breaking into the middle of words and sentences.

There is a stupid weight-upon my senses;
A dismal sullen stillness, that succeeds
The storm of rage and grief, like silent death,
After the tumult, and the noise of life. [like it;
Would-it were death; as sure, 'tis wondrous
For I am sick of living. My soul is peel'd:
She kindles not anger, or revenge,
Love-was the informing, active fire within:
Now that is quenched, the mass forgets to move,
and longs to mingle-with its kindred earth.
The glance

Of melancholy-is a fearful gift;
What is it, but the telescope of truth?
Which strips the distance of its phantasies,
And brings life near-in utter nakedness,
Making the cold reality-too real!

Moody and dull melancholy,

Kinsman to grief and comfortless despair. Wrth makes the man, and want of it the fellow.

or love to God, and love to man. 6. That
will be well and speedily done in a family or
community, when each one does his part
faithfully. 7. Eloquence--is the power of
seizing the attention, with irresistable force,
and never permitting it to elude the grasp,
till the hearer has received the conviction,
that the speaker intends.

That I must die, it is my only comfort;
Death-is the privilege of human nature,
And life, without it, were not worth our taking,
Thither-the poor, the prisoner, and the mourner,
Fly for relief, and lay their burthen's down.
Come then, and take me into thy cold arms,
Thou meagre shade; here, let me breathe my last.
Charmed, with my father's pity and forgiveness
More than if angels tuned their golden viols,
And sung a requiem-to my parting soul.
On the sands of life

Sorrow treads heavily, and leaves a print,polkurš
Time cannot wash away; while Joy trips by
With steps so light and soft, that the next wav
Wears his faint foot-falls out.

And coming events-cast heir shadows before.

Admiration and Love. There is a wide difference between admiration and love. The sublime, which is the cause of the former, al

531. PARDONING-differs from acquitting, in his-the latter-means clearing a person, after trial, of guilt; whereas, the former-supposes guilt, and signifies merely delivering the guilty person from punishment; pardoning requires some de-ways dwells on great objects, and terrible; gree of severity of aspect, and tone of voice, be- the latter on small ones, and pleasing; we cause the pardoned one is not an object of active, submit to what we admire, but we love what unmixed approbation; otherwise, its expression Is much the same as granting; which see. submits to us; in one case we are forced, in the other we are flattered, into compliance.

PARDONING A CRUEL PERSECUTION.

[men.

We pardon thee; live on, the state hath need of
Hurnility and gratitude for this our gift,
May make a man of thee.

Great souls-forgive not injuries, till time
Has put their enemies within their power,
That they may show-forgiveness-is their own.
That thou may'st see the difference of our spirits,
I pardon thee thy life, before thou ask it:
For half thy wealth, it is Antonio's ;
The other half-comes to the general state;
Which humbleness-may drive into a fine.

Laconics. 1. Every one, who would be an orator, should study Longinus on the sublime. ? Many of our books, containing pieces for decla mation, remind one of a physician's leaving medicine with a patient, without directions how to taks it. 3. Would it not be well for some competent person to compile a work, to be called "Songs of the People," for all trades and avocations? 4. Letters and words are like the notes of a tune, representative of sounds and ideas. 5. Descriptive speech and writing, are like landscape painting. 6. The natural world is an allegory, the meaning of which we may find in ourselves. 7. Were a spectator to come from the other world, into many of our congregations, he would regard the sing ing, and perhaps the worship, as any thing but devotional.

532. PERPLEXITY, IRRESOLUTION, ANXIETY, are always attended with some degree of fear; it collects the body together, as if for gathering up the arms upon the breast, rubs the forehead, the eyebrows contracted, the head hanging on the breast, the eyes cast downward, the mouth shut, the lips compressed; suddenly, the whole body is Varieties. 1. He, who will peep into a agitated, alters its aspect, as having discovered something; then, falls into contemplation as be- drawer, will likely be tempted to take somefore; the motions of the body are restless and une-thing out of it; and he, who steals a cent in qual; sometimes moving quick, and sometimes slow; the pauses, in speaking to another, long, the tone of voice uneven, the sentences broken and unfinished; sometimes talks to himself, or makes grimaces, and keeping half of what arises in the

mind.

Yes; 'tis Emilia:-by and by-she's dead.
'Tis like she comes to speak of Cassio's death;
The noise was high;-ha! no more moving?
Still as the grave
Shall she come in? wer't good?
I think she stirs again. No. What's the best?
If she come in, she'll speak to my wife.

his youth, will be very apt to steal a dollar in manhood. 2. A great change in life, is like a cold bath in winter; we all hesitate to make the first plunge. 3. The farther you advance in any art, or science, the more will you be delighted with simplicity of manner, and less attracted by superficial ornament. 4. One of the grand objects of education is-to collect principles and apply them to practice; and when this is generally done, mankind will be brought nearer to equality. 5. It is as imAnecdote. Peter the Great made a law, possible for us to understand a thing, without in 1722, that if any nobleman beat, or ill-having the image of it on the retina of the treated his slaves, he should be looked upon mind's eye, as it is to see any thing, without as insane, and a guardian be appointed, to having its image on the retina of the bodily take care of his person and estate. The great monarch once struck his gardener, who, be-eye. 6. Is not the education of children, for time and eternity, the highest social, civil, ing a man of great sensibility, took to his bed, moral and religious duty, we are called upand died in a few days. Peter, on hearing of on to perform? this, exclaimed, with tears in his eyes: I have civilized my subjects; I have conquered other nations; yet I have not been able to civilize and conquer myself.

There is no remedy for time misspent,

No healing-for the waste of idleness,
Whose very languor—is a punishment
Heavier than active souls-can feel or guess.
O hours of indolence-and discontent,

Not now-to be redeemed! ye sting not less
Because I know-this span of life was lent
For lofty duties, not for selfishness;
Not to be whiled away in aimless dreams,
But to improve ourselves--and serve mankind,
Life-and its choicest faculties were given.
Man should be ever better-than he seems:

And shape his acts, and discipline his mind,
To wa. adorning earth, with hope of heaven!

PLEASURE OF PIETY.

A Deity-believ'd, is joy begun;
A Deity ador'd, is joy advanc'd;
A Deity belov'd, is joy matur'd.
Each branch of piety delight inspires:
Faith-builds a bridge from this world to the next
O'er death's dark gulf, and all its horror hides;
Praise, the sweet exhalation of our joy,
That joy exalts, and makes it sweeter still;
Pray'r ardent opens heav'n, lets down a strea
Of glory, on the consecrated hour

Of man-in audience with the Deity.
Some-ne'er advance a judgment of their own,
But catch the spreading notions of the town;
They reason and conclude-from precedent,
And own stale notions, which they ne'er invent.
Some judge of authors' names, not works; and then
Nor praise, nor blame he writings, but the men.

Punishments. There are dreadful pun

much better to make such good provisions, by which every man might be put in a method how to live, and so be preserved from the fatal necessity of stealing, and of being imprisoned, or dying for it.

533. MODESTY-is a diffidence of ourselves, accompanied with delicacy in our sense of what-ishments enacted against thieves; but it were ever is mean, indirect, or dishonorable, or a fear of doing these things, or of having them imputed to us. Submission is an humble sense of our inferiority, and a quiet surrender of our power to a superior. Modesty bends the body forward; has a placid, downcast countenance, bends the eyes to the breast, if not to the feet, of the superior character; the voice is low, the tone submissive, and the words few. Submission adds to them a lower bending of the head, and a spreading out of the arms and hands, downwards towards the person submitted to.

Now, good my lord,

Let there be some more test of my metal,
Before so noble, and so great a figure,
Be stamped upon it.

O noble sir!

Your ever kindnesss doth wring tears from me ;
I do embrace your offer, and dispose,
From henceforth, of poor Claudia.

Varieties. 1. Some politicians consider honesty excellent in theory,-and policy safe in practice; thus admitting the absurd theory, that principles entirely false, and corrupt in the abstract, are more salutary in their practical manifestation, than principles essentially good and true. 2. In public and private life, in the learned and unlearned professions, in scenes of business, and in the domestic circle, the masterpiece of man is decision of character. 3. The moral sense of the people, is the sheetanchor, which alone can hold the vessel o. state, amidst the storms that agitate the world. 4 True religion has nothing to fear, but much to hope, from the progress of scientific truths. 5. A writer or speaker should aim so to please, as to do his hearers and readers the greatest amount of good. 6. It is not the part of a lover of truth, either to cavil or reject, without due examination. 7. Ill man

As lamps burn silent with unconscious light,
So modest ease in beauty shines more bright;
Unaiming charms, with edge resistless fall,
And she who means no mischief, does it all.
534. PRIDE. When our esteem of ourselves,ners are evidence of low breeding.
or opinion of our own rank or merit is so high,
as to lessen the regard due to the rank and
merit of others, it is called pride: when it sup-
poses others below our regard, it is contempt,
scorn, or disdain. Pride assumes a lofty look,
bordering on the look and aspect of anger. The
eyes full and open, but with the eye-brow con-
siderably drawn down, the mouth pouting out.
but mostly shut, and the lips contracted: the
words walk out and strut, and are uttered with
a slow, stiff, bombastic affectation of importance;
the hands sometimes rest on the hips, with the
elbows brought forward in the position called
a-kimbo; the feet at a distance from each other,
and the steps long and stately. Obstinacy-
adds to the aspect of pride.

As turns a flock of geese, and, on the green,
Poke out their foolish necks in awkward spleen,
(Ridiculous in rage!) to hiss, not bite,

Worcester! get thee gone; for I do see
Danger and disobedience in thine eye :

O sir, your presence is too bold and peremptory,
And majesty-might never yet endure
The moody frontier, of a servant's brow;
You have good leave to leave us; when we need
Your use and counsel, we shall send for you.
Did'st thou not think, such vengeance must await
The wretch that with his crimes all fresh about
Rushes, irreverent, unprepared, uncalled, [him,
Into his Maker's presence, throwing back,
With insolent disdain, his choicest gifts?

So

war their quills, when sons of Dullness write.
Clear as the glass, his spotless fame.
And lasting diamond writes his name.
All jealousy

Must still be strangled in its birth: or time
Will soon conspire to make it strong enough
To overcome the truth.

When satire flies abroad on falsehood's wing,
Short is her life, and impotent her sting;
But, when to truth allied, the wound she gives
Sinks deep, and to remotest ages lives.

Every man in this age has not a soul
Of crystal, for all men to read their actions [der,
Thro': men's hearts and faces are so far asun-

That they hold no intelligence.

Something heavy on my spirit,
Too dull for wakefulness, too quick for slumber,
Sits on me as a cloud along the sky,
Which will not let the sunbeams through, nor yet
Descend in rain and end, but spreads itself

Anecdote. One of the emperors of China Twixt earth and heaven, like envy between

met a procession, conducting some malefactors to punishment. On being informed of the facts, he burst into tears; when one of his courtiers endeavored to comfort him, saying, "In a commonwealth, there must be punishment; it cannot be avoided, as mankind now are." His majesty replied, "I weep not, to see those men prisoners, nor to see them chastised; I know the good must be protected from the bad; but I weep, because my time is not so happy as that of old was, when the virtues of the princes were such, that they served as a bridle to the people, and their example was sufficient to restrain a whole kingdom."

To recount Almighty works,

What words, or tongue, of seraph-can suffice?

And man, an everlasting mist.

SONNET.

Like an enfranchised bird, that wildl; springs,
With a keen sparkle in his glancing ve,
And a strong effort in his quivering wings,
Up to the blue vault of the happy sky,—
So my enamor❜d heart, so long thine own,
At length from Love's imprisonment set free
Goes forth into the open world alone,

Glad and exulting in its liberty:
But like that helpless bird (confin'd so long,
His weary wings have lost all power to soar,)
Who soon forgets to trill his joyous song,

And feebly fluttering, sinks to earth once more-
So, from its former bonds released in vain,

[man

My heart still feels the weight of that remember'd sham, Whole years of joy glide unperceived away, While sorrow counts the minutes as they pass.

535. FRYMISING is expressed by benevolent toks, a soft but earnest voice, and sometimes by Inclining the head, or nod of consent; the hands open with palm upward, toward the person to whom the promise is made: sincerity in promising is express'd by laying the hand gently on the heart.

I'll deliver all,

And promise you calm seas, auspicious gales,
And sail, so expeditious, it shall catch
Your royal fleet far off.

I will be true to thee, preserve thee ever,
The sad companion of this faithful breast;
While life, and thought remain.

Where'er I go, my soul shall stay with thee;
Tis but my shadow, that I take away.

536. REFUSING,-when accompanied with
displeasure, is done nearly the same way as dis-
missing with displeasure: without it-it is done
with a visible reluctance, that occasions the bring-
ing out the words slowly, with such a shake of
the head, and shrug, as is natural on hearing
something that gives us a screw of the shoulders,
and hesitation in the speech, as implies perplexity
between granting and refusing; as in the
ing example of refusing to lend money:

Laconics. 1. We must be instr ac ed y all things of one thing, if we would know that one thing thoroughly. 2. The evolution of the natural sciences, amounts to the creation of a new sphere, in the human mind. 3. All truths, scientific, philo sophical and theological, are in perfect harmony with each other. 4. The use, or effect, which produces the end, must be the first point of analytic inquiry; i, e. first the fact, or result, and ther, the reasoning upon it. 5. When it is impossible, to trace effects to visible causes, the mental sight myst take up, and complete the operation. 6. There is a universal analogy between all the spheres of creation, natural, mental and spiritual, and between nature, and all things in human society. Nature-is simple and easy, it is man that is diffi cult and perplexed.

Genius. They say of poets, that they must be born such; so must mathematicians, so must great generals, and so must lawyers, and so, indeed, must men of all denominations, or it is not possible that they should excel; but with whatever faculties we are follow-born, and to whatever studies our genius may

They answer-in a joint-and corporate voice,
That now they are at falt-want treasure-cannot
Do-what they would; are sorry, (you are honorable)--
But yet they could have wished-(they know not)-
Something hath been amiss-(a noble nature
May catch a wrench)-would all were well-'tis pity;
And so intending other serious matter,
After distasteful looks--and other hard fractions-
With certain half caps, and co-invving woras-
They frown me into silence.

Pride. The disesteem and contempt of others is inseparable from pride. It is hardly possible to overvalue ourselves, but by undervaluing our neighbors; and we commonly most undervalue those, who are, by other men, thought to be wiser than we are; and it is a kind of jealousy in ourselves that they are so, which provokes our pride.

They said, her cheek of youth was beautiful,

direct us, studies they still must be. Nature
gives a bias to respective pursuits; and this
strong propensity is what we mean by genius.
Milton did not write his Paradise Lost; no:
Homer his Iliad; nor Newton his Principia,
without immense labor.

Light grief is proud of state, and courts compassion;
But there's a dignity-in cureless sorrow,
A sullen grandeur, which disdains complaint;
Rage is for little wrongs-despair—is dumb.

Let coward guilt, with pallid fear,
Te shelt'ring caverns fly,
And justly-dread the vengeful fate,
That thunders through the sky.
Protected by that hand, whose law,
The threat'ning storms obey,
Intrepid virtue-smiles secure,

As in the blaze of day.

Varieties. 1. When you can do it, with

Till withering sorrow blanch'd the white rose there; out injury to truth and mercy, always avoid

But grief did lay his icy finger on it,
And chill'd it-to a cold and joyless statue.

a quarrel and a lawsuit. 2. When the foundation of our hope is assailed, ought we not Anecdote. Garrick and Hogarth, sitting to contend, earnestly, for the faith once delivtogether one day, mutually lamented the ered to the saints? 3. When there is a right want of a picture of Fielding; "I think," said desire, and an untiring industry, there will, Garrick, "I could make his face;" which he eventually, be the reward of light. 4. They, did accordingly. "For heaven's sake, hold," who understand most of a subject, will be ve said Hogarth,"remain as you are a few min-ry indulgent to those, who know but little of utes;" he did so, while the painter sketched it. 5. If we are unwilling to do anything for the outlines, which were afterwards finished ourselves, how can we expect others will do from their mutual recollection: and this draw-much for us? 6. Every deceiver, whether by ing was the original of all the portraits we have of the admired Tom Jones.

He that holds fast the golden mean,
And lives, contentedly, between

The little-and the great,

Feels not the wants-that pinch the poor,
Nor plagues-that haunt the rich man's door,
Imbittering-all his state.

The tallest pines-feel most-the power
Of wintry blast; the loftiest tower-
Comes heaviest-to the ground.

The bolts-that span the mountain side,
His cloud-capt eminence-divide;

And spread the ruin round.

Nature-is frugal, and her wants are few.

word, or deed, is a liar; and no one, that has
been once deceived by him, will fail to shun,
if not despise him.

Whether present, or absent, you always appear,
A youth-most bewitchingly pleasant,
For when you are present, you're absent-my dear;
And when you are absent-you're present.
How charming--is divine philosophy!
Not harsh and crabbed, as dull fools suppose,
But musical as is Apollo's lute,

And a perpetual feast-of nectar'd sweets,
Where no crude surfeit reigns.

Seeming devotion doth but gild the knave,
That's neither faithful, honest, just nor brave;
But where religion doth-with virtue join,
It makes a hero-like an angel shine.

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Pierced with a sharp remorse for guilt,
Disdains the costly poverty of hecatombs,
And offers the best sacrifice-itself.
Blest tears-of soul-felt-penitence!

In whose benign, redeeming flow-
Is felt the firs-the only sense—

Of guiltless joy-that guilt can know.
Go, maiden, weep-the tears of woe,
By beauty to repentance given,
Though bitterly-on earth they flow,

Shall turn to fragrant bulm-in Heaven! 538. SECURITY-diminishes the passions; the mind, when left to itself, immediately languishes; and, in order to preserve its ardor, must be every moment supported by a new flow of passion. For the same reason, despair, though contrary to security, has a like influence.

539. RAILLERY, in sport, without real animosity, puts on the aspect of cheerfulness, and sometimes a kind of simple laughter.-and the tone of voice is sprightly. With contempt or disgust, it casts a look asquint from time to time, at the object, and quits the cheerful aspect, for one mixed between an affected grin and sourness: the upper lip is drawn up with a smile of disdain: the arms sometimes set a-kimbo on the hips, and the right hand now and then thrown out towards the object, as if they were going to strike one a backhanded blow; voice rather loud, arch and meaning; sentences short, expressions satirical, with mock-praise occasionally intermixed.

for.

You have done that, which you should be sorry
There is no terror, Cassius, in your threats;
For I am arm'd so strong in honesty,
That they pass by me as the idle wind,
Which I respect not. I did send to you,
For certain sums of gold, which you denied me;
For I can raise no money by vile means.
No-Cassius, I had rather coin my heart,
And drop my blood for drachmas, than to wring-
From the hard hands of peasants, their vile trash,
By any indirection. I did send

To you for gold-to pay my legions;

Which you denied me; was that done, like Cassius?

Should I-have answered Caius Cassius thus
When Marcus Brutus-grows so covetous,
To lock such rascal-counters from his friends,
Be ready--gods, with all your thunderbolts,
DASH him to pieces!

Anecdote. A young gentleman, the son of his Majesty's printer, who had the patent for publishing Gibbon's works,) made his ap pearance, at an assembly, dressed in green and gold. Being a new face, and extremely elegant, though he was not overstocked with sense, he attracted much attention, and a general murmur prevailed, to know who he was. A lady replied, loud enough to be heard by the stranger, "Oh! don't you know him? It is young Gibbon, bound in calf, and gilt; but not lettered."

Seeing Right. He, only, sees well, who sees the whole, in the parts, and the parts, in the whole. I know but three classes of men, those who see the whole, those who see but a part, and those who see both together.

Varieties. 1. He, who lives well, and believes aright, will be saved; but he, who does not live well, and believe aright, cannot be saved. 2. Let times be ever so good, if you are slothful, you will be in want: but let times be ever so bad, if you are diligent in the performance of duty, you will prosper. 3. The reptile, in human form, should be avoided with great care. 4. If the sun is to be seen by its own light, must not the truth be seen in like manner? The soundest ar gument will produce no more conviction in an empty head, than the most superficial de lamation; as a feather and a guinea will fa with equal velocity, in a vacuum. 5. As light-has no color, water--no taste, and air-no odor, so, knowledge should be equally pure, and without admixture. 6. We should have a glorious conflagration, if all, who cannot put fire into their books, would consent to put their books into the fire. 7. The union of truth and goodness-is like that of water and fire, which nothing can resist.

As up the tower of knowledge slow we rise,
How wide and fair the opening prospect lies!
But while the view expands, the path grows steeper,
The steps more slippery, and the chasm 's deeper:
Then why climb on? Not for the prospect's beauty,
Not for the triumph, but because 'tis duty.
What thing is love, which naught can countervail?
Naught save itself, ev'n such a thing is love.
And worldly wealth ir worth as far doth fail,

Divine is love, and scorneth worldly pelf,
As lowest earth doth yield to heav'n above.
And can be bought with nothing but with self.
We see but half the causes of our deeds
Seeking them wholly in the outer life,
And heedless of the encircling spirit-world,
Which, tho' unseen, is felt, and sows in us
All
gems of pure, and world-wide purposes
O fortune! thou canst not divide
Our bodies so, but that our hearts are tio,
And we can love by letters still, and gifts,
And dreams.

It is in vain, that we would coldly gaze-
On such as smile upon us; the heart-must
Leap kindly back-to kindness.

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