printed from a transcript obtained by Mr. R. Taylor from the | by Dr. Woide, the Cambridge Manuscript edited by Dr. Kipling, keeper of the Vatican library. The reading of the clause in ques- and the Latin Manuscript edited by Sabatier and Blanchini; to tion, in the Codex Vaticanus is thus determined to be conformable which he added a collation of the celebrated Codex Vaticanus from to the lection of the Textus Receptus, viz. Tv Exxλ TOU OU, the papers of Dr. Bentley, printed at Oxford in 1799, in the Appendix the Church of God. And, lastly, as Griesbach, in his Leipsic edi- to Dr. Woide's edition of the Alexandrian MS., which was untion of 1805, preferred some readings different from those adopted known to Griesbach, and which in many instances differs from in that of Halle, 1795-1806, a Synoptical Table is given indicating Dr. Birch's readings collated from the same manuscripts. such differences. Bishop Marsh has given a high character of the 2. Dr. Barrett's splendid fac-simile of the Codex Rescriptus of labours of Dr. Griesbach, in his Divinity Lectures, part ii. pp. 44, part of Saint Matthew's Gospel published at Dublin in 1801, and 45. See some strictures on them in Dr. Hales's Treatise on Faith here noted by the letter Z. in the Holy Trinity, vol. ii. pp. 61-64. In 1830, Mr. J. G. Palfrey, 3. The entire collation of the Codex Cyprius, made and described published in 12mo. at Boston, in the state of Massachusetts, "The by Dr. Augustine Scholz, and printed in pp. 80-90 of his Cure New Testament, in the common version, conformed to Griesbach's Critica in Historiam Textus IV. Evangeliorum, but very inaccustandard Greek Text." This is a successful endeavour to exhibit rately, in consequence of Dr. S.'s absence on his biblico-critical to the mere English reader the results of Griesbach's critical travels, so that he could not personally edit his collation of the labours on the Greek Text of the New Testament. The text of Codex Cyprius. (Scholzii Nov. Test. vol. i. p. xl.) The possessor our authorized English version is reprinted without note or com- of Dr. Schulz's edition of the Greek Testament must therefore ment; and the words are in no case altered, except where a change place no dependence upon the readings of the Codex Cyprius, as in the original Greek required it, that is, in conformity to the exhibited by him. Further, he has selected from Dr. Scholz's emendations of the Greek text made by Dr. Griesbach. In the Biblische-Kritische Reise (Biblico-critical Travels) the various readtranslations which the editor has introduced, to correspond with ings contained in certain MSS. preserved in the Royal Library at the amended Greek, he states that, "it has been his careful endea- Paris, which he has noted by the numbers 240, 241, 242, 243, and vour to imitate the style of the received version, and no one has 244. To these are added the principal various readings from been admitted without study and consideration." [Preface. p. viii.] 4. The Codex Rehdigeranus, containing a Latin Ante-HieronyFrom an examination of different parts of Mr. Palfrey's volume, mian Version of the four Gospels, written in the seventh or eighth the writer of these pages is enabled to state that he has not observed century, which the editor had himself transcribed in the year 1813. any departure from the principles by which Mr. P. professes to 5. The Codex Messanensis I. of the fourteenth or fifteenth cenhave been guided. tury, in quarto, inspected by Munter; of which an account is given in Dr. Birch's prolegomena ad Varr. Lectt. Evv. p. xciii. et seq. This MS. is numbered 237. by Dr. Schulz.

To complete Griesbach's edition of the New Testament there should be added the following publications:

1. Cure in Historiam Textus Græci Epistolarum Paulinarum. Jena; 1774, 4to.

2. Symbole Critice, ad supplendas et corrigendas variarum N. T. Lectionum Collectiones. Accedit multorum N. T. Codicum Græcorum Descriptio et Examen. Hala, 1785, 1793, 2 vols. small 8vo.

3. Commentarius Criticus in Textum Græcum Novi Testamenti. Particula prima, Jena, 1798. Particula secunda, Jenæ, 1811.

29. Novum Testamentum, Græcè. Ex Recensione Jo. Jac. GRIESBACHII, cum selecta Lectionis Varietate. Lipsia, 18031807. 4 vols. imperial 4to. or folio.

This is a most sumptuous edition; the text is formed chiefly on that of Griesbach's second edition, and on that of Knapp, noticed below. The type is large and clear; the paper beautiful and glossy; at the foot of the page are some select various readings: and each volume is decorated with an exquisitely engraved frontispiece.

30. Novum Testamentum, Græcè. Ex Recensione Jo. Jac. GRIESBACHII, cum selecta Lectionum Varietate. Lipsia, 1805, 1825, 2 vols. 8vo.; Cambridge (New England), 1809, 2 vols. 8vo.; Glasguæ, 1817, 18mo.; Philadelphia, 1822, 12mo.; Londini, 1829, 18mo.

This edition contains the text, together with a selection of the principal various readings, and an extract from the Prolegomena of the second edition. It is very neatly printed, and forms a valuable manual for constant reference. This is the edition now chiefly used in the universities of Germany. The Anglo-American edition printed at Cambridge is handsomely executed; and the typography of the large paper copies is very beautiful. The reprints at Glasgow, Philadelphia, and London, are also neatly executed.

31. Novum Testamentum Græcè. Textum ad Fidem Codicum Versionum et Patrum recensuit, et Lectionis Varietatem adjecit D. Jo. Jac. Griesbach. Volumen I., Quatuor Evangelia complectens. Editionem tertiam emendatam et auctam curavit D. David SCHULZ. Berolini, 1827, 8vo.

A new edition of Dr. Griesbach's revision of the Greek text of the New Testament having become necessary, the task of editing it, with such additional various readings as have been discovered since the date of that distinguished critic's last labours, was confided to Dr. Schulz, who has executed it in the following manner: In the first place he procured and collated the various printed books of which Griesbach had made use in preparing his edition, as well as the various critical materials which the researches of learned men had discovered within the last thirty years; that is, from the date of the first volume of his second edition, in 1796. Dr. Schulz then proceeded to correct all the typographical errors he had detected; and he expunged a great number of stops, especially commas, which (he says) had been unnecessarily introduced by modern editors, and which in many instances only tended to obscure the sacred text. He has also deviated in very many places from the received mode of placing certain accents, and has made various improvements in the spelling of certain words.

These preliminary steps having been taken, Dr. Schulz collated anew the principal authorities cited by Griesbach, to which he could procure access, and noticed in what respects they differed from the notation of former editors. He then inserted readings from some new manuscripts and versions, which had hitherto been either little known or altogether neglected. More particularly, he collated anew,

1. The Alexandrian Manuscript of the New Testament edited

6. The Codex Syracusanus in the Landolini Library, which was also inspected by Dr. Munter, and which is described by Birch, p. xevi. et seq. This is numbered 238.

7. The Berlin Manuscript of the four Gospels, of the eleventh century, of which a description was published by Pappelbaum in 1823. It is numbered 239.

8. The Codex Gronovianus 131., a manuscript of the four Gospels collated by Dermout in his Collectanea Critica in Novum Testamentum, part i. (Lugd. Bat. 1825): this is numbered 245.

9. The Codex Meermannianus, containing the four Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, the Epistles of James, Peter, 1 John, and a fragment of the epistle to the Romans, also collated by Dermout: this is numbered 246.

10. The readings of the Gothic Version, from Zahn's correct edition published in 1805, and the new readings contained in the fragments of this version first published by Mai in 1819, together with the fragments of the Sahidic Version published in the Appendix to Woide's fac-simile of the Codex Alexandrinus, and the fragments of the Basmurico-Coptic Version edited by Engelbreth in 1811. relative to the Syriac, Arabic, Persian, and Ethiopic versions, writ Dr. Schulz has also enriched his edition with many valuable notes ten by C. Benedict Michaelis, in his own copy of Kuster's edition of the New Testament, which is now deposited in the Library of the Orphan House at Halle. Further, Dr. S. had constantly open before him the more valuable critical editions of the New Testament, as well as other works which might afford him any assistance, (two editions), and Knappe, and also Griesbach's edition printed at including the editions of Stephens, Mill, Wetstein, Birch, Matthæi Leipsic in 1809, which differs from his own second edition in very many respects; but which exhibits that form and condition of the sacred text which in his latter years and maturest judgment Dr. Griesbach deemed to be true and correct. The readings peculiar to these later editions have been diligently noted.

The Symbole Critice and other works of Griesbach mentioned in the preceding column, together with the critical publications of Gersdorf, Bode, Bowyer, Valckenaer, and Wassenberg, were in like manner constantly at hand; and in doubtful or more important cases, the best editions of the most valuable of the Fathers

were consulted.

The typographical execution of this edition is much more commodious than that of Griesbach's second edition. There, the text was printed in two columns, and the notes were printed in a mass in long lines, with the notation of chapters and verses in the margin, which rendered it perplexing to the eye to compare the various readings therein contained. In Dr. Schulz's third edition the text is printed in long lines, and the notes are very distinctly exhibited in two columns, each note forming a distinct paragraph. The convenience thus afforded in consulting the work is very great. Besides the editor's preface, and the corrected preface of Griesbach (which is enlarged in the catalogue of MSS.), the volume now published contains the four Gospels: at the end there are eighteen closely-printed pages of addenda, which ought to be carefully transcribed and inserted in their proper places before the book can be advantageously consulted: these addenda have principally been caused by the acquisition of many hundreds of various readings, obtained from M. Dermout's Collectanea Critica in Novum Testatamentum (of which an account will be found in a subsequent page), and which did not come into Dr. Schulz's possession until after the present volume was finished. Such additions are unavoidable in a work embracing so many thousand minute references and figures; and every candid scholar will readily extend to such a laborious undertaking as the present, the liberal apology offered by Bishop Marsh for Wetstein:"That mistakes and oversights are discoverable in the work, detracts not from its general merits No work is without them; and least of all can consummate accuracy

be expected where so many causes never ceased to operate." | 37. Novum Testamentum Græcum; juxta exemplar Wet(Bp. Marsh's Divinity Lectures, part ii. p. 23.) This edition is not yet completed. The second volume is to contain the Acts, Epistles, and Apocalypse. The work is very neatly printed.

stenii, Glasguæ, et J. J. Griesbachii, Hale impressum: accedunt Prolegomena in Evangelia, in Acta, et in Epistolas Apostolorum. Accurante Gulielmo Whitfield DAKINS. Editio Stereotypa, Londini, 1808, royal 8vo. Numerous subsequent editions are in 12mo.

38. Novum Testamentum Græcum et Latinum, secundùm

curam Leusdenii et Griesbachii, editum ab A. H. AITTON. Lugduni Batavorum, 1809. 18mo.

A neat impression, into the text of which the editor has introduced most of Griesbach's emendations.

32. Evangelium secundum Matthæum, ex Codice Rescripto in Bibliotheca Collegii SS. Trinitatis juxta Dublin: Descriptum Opera et Studio Johannes BARRETT, S. T. P. Soc. Sen. Trin. Coll. Dublin. Cui adjungitur Appendix Collationem Codicis Montfortiani complectens. Dublini: Edibus Academicis excudebat R. E. Mercier, Academiæ Typographus, 1801. 4to. The prolegomena fill fifty-two pages, and comprise, 1. A description of the manuscript itself, with an account of its age, and the mode of collating it adopted by the learned editor; and, 2. An 39. Testamentum Novum Græcè, ad fidem Recensionis elaborate dissertation reconciling the apparent discrepancies Schoettgeniana; addita ex Griesbachii apparatu Lectionis variebetween the genealogies of Jesus Christ as recorded by the tate præcipuæ. Upsala, 1820. 8vo. Evangelists Matthew and Luke. The fragments of the Codex Rescriptus are then exhibited in sixty-four fac-simile plates, and are also represented in as many pages in the common Greek small type. This truly elegant volume concludes with a collation of the Codex Montfortianus with Wetstein's edition of the New Testament, which occupies thirty-five pages. An account of this manuscript is given in Part I. of the first volume.

33. Novum Testamentum Græcè. Recognovit atque insigniores lectionum varietates et argumentorum notationes subjecit Geo. Christian. KNAPPIUS. Hala, 1797, 8vo.; 2d edit. 1813, 2 vols. 8vo.; 3d edit. 1824, 2 vols. 8vo.; 4th edit. 1829, 2 vols. 8vo.; Londoni, 1824, 2 vols. in one, 8vo.

A reprint of Schoettgenius's text, which has been noticed in p. 12. of this Appendix, with the addition of select various readings from Griesbach. 40. Novum Testamentum Græcè. Ad fidem optimorum librorum recensuit A. H. TITTMANNUS. Lipsia, 1820, 18mo. Lipsiæ, 1824, 8vo.

The text of the edition in 18mo. is a corrected one; that is, Professor Tittman has inserted in it such various readings as are in his judgment preferable to those commonly received, and which have been approved by the most eminent critics; and he has printed an index of the altered passages at the end of the volume. Its mendation of it to students of the New Testament; the Greek portability, in addition to its intrinsic excellence, is no mean recomcharacters, though small, being very distinctly and neatly stereotyped. The 8vo. edition of the same text is beautifully stereotyped. There are copies of both editions on fine paper.

41. Ἡ ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ. Νovum Testamentum Manuale. Glasguæ, ex Prelo Academico: impensis Rivingtons et Cochran, Londini, 1821. 32mo.

This edition contains the Greek text only: it follows the text of Aitton, except in a few instances, in which the received readings are supported by the best authorities, and consequently are most to be preferred. This edition is beautifully printed on the finest bluetinted writing paper: it was read SIX TIMES, with the utmost care, in passing through the press, and will be found to be unusually accurate. No contractions are used.

In this edition of the New Testament, which received the warm approbation of Griesbach in his preface to the splendid edition above noticed, Dr. Knappe has availed himself of Griesbach's labours; and has admitted into the text not only those readings which the latter considered to be of undoubted authority, but likewise some others which Dr. K. himself regarded as such, but without distinguishing either of them. Such words, also, as it might on the same grounds be thought right to exclude from the text, as not originally belonging to it, are here enclosed in brackets, partly of the common kind, and partly formed on purpose for this edition. The most probable readings are marked with an asterisk: to all of them the word alii is prefixed, in order to distinguish them from the rest of these lections, which in reality are those in which the exegetical student is chiefly interested. Great attention is paid to typographical and grammatical accuracy, to the accents, and to the punctuation, which differ in this edition from those of Leusden, or Gerard von Maestricht, in more than three hundred places. Very 42. Novum Testamentum Græco-Latinum. Vulgata Interuseful summaries are likewise added under the text. This valuable edition is not common in England. The second impression, pub-pretatione Latina Editionis Clementis VIII. Græco Textui ad lished in two volumes, in 1813, is very neatly printed, and is cor- Editionem Complutensem diligentissime expresso e regione rected throughout. In editing it, Dr. K. has availed himself of opposita. Studio et curâ Petri Aloysii GRATZ. Tubingæ, 1821, Griesbach's second volume, which was not published when his 1828. 2 tomis, 8vo. first edition appeared. The third edition is a neat reprint of the second, of which the London edition is also a reprint. The fourth edition is revised with great care, and the additions at the end are arranged in a more convenient form.

The text is formed after that of Griesbach; under it are printed the most important various readings, together with very concise notes. The Latin version in the third edition professes to be so much corrected, as to be in effect a new translation: many of its interpretations and notes, however, equally with those in the second edition, are in the worst style of German neologism.

36. Novum Testamentum Græcè. Lectiones Variantes, Griesbachii judicio, iis quas textus receptus exhibet anteponendas vel æquiparandas, adjecit Josephus WHITE, S. T. P. Linguarum Heb. et Arab. in Academia Oxoniensi Professor. Oxonii, e Typographeo Clarendoniano, 1808. 2 vols. crown 8vo. This is a very neat and accurate edition. The Textus Receptus is adopted; and Professor White has contrived to exhibit in a very intelligible form-1. Those readings which in Griesbach's opinion ought, either certainly or probably, to be removed from the received text; 2. Those various readings which the same editor judged either preferable or equal to those of the received text; and, 3. Those additions which, on the authority of manuscripts, Griesbach considers as fit to be admitted into the text. "An intermediate advantage to be derived from an edition thus marked, is pointed out by the learned editor at the conclusion of his short preface; viz. that it may thus be seen at once by every one, how very little, after all the labours of learned men, and the collation of so many manuscripts and versions, is liable to just objection in the received text." British Critic, vol. xxxiv. (O. S.) p. 386.)

country. The first part or volume contains the four Gospels; the An edition which is not of very common occurrence in this second, the remaining Books of the New Testament. The Greek text is a reprint of that in the Complutensian Polyglott, with the exception of the contractions, and the correction of some orthographic errors: opposite to this is the Latin Vulgate version, according to the Clementine Recension. At the foot of each page are exhibited various readings, from Robert Stephens's third edition, printed in 1550; from Matthæi's critical edition, and from Griesbach's last edition. To the labours of these editors Professor Gratz pays a brief but high tribute of commendation. In order to ensure correctness, the proof sheets were repeatedly read by the editor and his friends. After the editor's preface, follow the preface of Jerome on the four Gospels, addressed to Damasus, bishop of Rome and Pope Clement VIII.'s preface to his edition of the Latin Vul gate Bible: together with a synopsis of the four Gospels, and parallel passages. The fine paper copies are very beautiful books: there is one in the library of the BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY, from an examination of which the preceding description is drawn up. The frequent appeals made to the Complutensian text, and the extreme rarity of that Polyglott, concur to render this edition by Professor Gratz an acceptable present to the biblical critic.

43. Novum Testamentum. Textum Græcum Griesbachii et Knappii denuò recognovit, Delectu Varietatum Lectionis Testimoniis confirmatarum, Adnotatione cùm Criticâ tùm Exegeticâ et Indicibus Historico et Geographico, Vocum Græcarum Infrequentiorum et Subsidiorum Criticorum Exegeticorumque, instruxit Joannes Severinus VATER, Theol. Doct. et Prof. Hal. Halis Saxonum, 1824. 8vo.

"Of the various critical editions of the New Testament, which of late years have been given to the public, this is not only one of the neatest, but one of the cheapest; it is, in every respect, a practical edition, equally adapted to the lecture-room and to the private study. It will not, indeed, render unnecessary the critical labours of Wetstein, Griesbach, or Matthæi, but it will be a valuable substitute for them to those students who have not the time or the means of purchasing their costly but valuable labours. The following is the plan on which Professor Vater has formed his edition:

"The text of each book or epistle is exhibited in continuous paragraphs, with the numbers of the chapters and verses in the

margin, for the convenience of reference; and in the Gospel the parallel passages are also referred to in the margin. The punctuation of the text is frequently improved. Below the text are exhibited, in long lines, the principal various readings, divested of Griesbach's stenographic marks, with the authorities on which they rest; and, beneath them, in two columns, are brief but satisfactory exegetical notes on passages which are really difficult. Four indexes are subjoined, viz. 1. Historical and Geographical, of the Names of Persons and Places, occurring in the New Testament; 2. Of the more difficult and uncommon Greek words; 3. Of the Manuscripts and other critical aids for determining various readings; and, 4. Of Exegetical or Expository Aids, comprising a list of the best commentaries on particular books, chapters, or verses. . . . The book is printed on two papers-one inferior, which is bad enough; the other on a better sort of paper, which is both easy to read and pleasant to the eye." (Universal Review, vol. ii. pp. 683, 684.)

44. 'H KAINH AIAOHKH. Novum Testamentum Græcè. Textui ante Griesbachium vulgo recepto, additur Lectionum Variantium earum præcipue, quæ à Griesbachio potiores censentur, Delectus. Basilea, 1825. 2 tomis, 8vo.

This very neat edition may occasionally be met with. The text is reprinted from an edition of the Greek Testament, edited at Basle by Andrew Birr, in 1749; who added a copious selection of Parallel Passages. The preface of the present edition is signed with the initial letters J. H. Whoever the editor may be, he has in many passages improved the punctuation, as well as the selection of parallel texts. Those various readings of Griesbach's which affect the sense are retained; and the editor has sometimes successfully vindicated the ordinary Greek text against the proposed alterations of that critic. The Epistle of Jude is placed immediately after St. Peter's second Epistle, on account of the similarity of its subject. The passages cited from the Old Testament are exhibited in a very distinct form.

of the Latin Vulgate printed at the same press in the years 1590
1592, 1593, and 1598.
The ordinary divisions of chapters and verses are retained; but
there are no summaries or tables of contents.

47. 'H KAINH AIA@HKH. Novum Testamentum. Accedunt Parallela S. Scripturæ Loca, necnon Vetus Capitulorum Notatio, et Canones Eusebii. Oxonii, e Typographeo Clarendoniano, 1828; Editio altera, 1830; royal 18mo.

For this very commodious edition of the Greek Testament, junior biblical students (for whose use it is especially designed) are indebted to the Right Rev. Charles LLOYD, D.D. Bishop of Oxford. The plan of it is as follows:

The text, which is that of Dr. Mill, is printed in paragraphs, with the division into sections, and the punctuation of John Albert Bengel: the numbers of the chapters and verses are placed in the margin on the left of each page, in which are inserted the or chapters found in ancient manuscripts, of which an account is given in Part I. p. 214. of the first volume. These are printed from those who may wish to consult manuscripts for particular passages Kuster's edition of the Greek Testament, for the convenience of of the New Testament. In the other margin there are printed select but highly valuable Parallel References to Scripture, according to the edition of Courcelles (or Curcellæus). The Epistle to Carpianus and the canons of Eusebius (of which an account is given in the first volume) are prefixed, for the purpose of enabling any one who may be so disposed, to compile for himself a harmony of the four Gospels

48. Ἡ ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ. Novum Testamentum Græcè, secundum editiones probatissimas; expressum cum Arise Montani Interpretatione Latina. Curante Carolo Christiano LEUTSCH. Lipsia, 1828. 8vo.

A neat reprint of the Greek text after that of Dr. Knappe's critical editions, with the Latin version of Arias Montanus, which from its general fidelity is held in high estimation by Protestants and Romanists. The Greek text and the Latin translation are

printed in columns on each page: the ordinary divisions of chapters and verses are retained.

49. Novum Testamentum Græcè. Londini, impensis G. Pickering, 1828, 48mo.

45. 'H KAINH AIAOHKH. Novum Testamentum, curante Jo. Fr. BoisSONADE. Parisiis, 1824. 2 tomis, 18mo. In this beautifully and accurately printed edition of the Greek Text, Professor Boissonade states that he has followed the best copies, particularly that of Dr. Griesbach; yet not so servilely, but that he has availed himself of the judgment of other critics, and especially of the Vulgate Latin Version. The value of this edition, considered as a critical one, is much diminished by the total This is the first Greek Testament printed in England with diaomission of any notes, to apprize the reader when the editor has mond type; and it is also the smallest in point of size which has departed from the received text, as also on what authority he has were cut by Mr. Caslon. The text is stated to be copied exactly ever been printed. The matrices, from which the types were cast, adopted particular readings. To specify two or three instances:On the authority of Griesbach, he omits the doxology of the Lord's from the Elzevir edition of 1624; and, in order to ensure the Prayer in Matt. vi. 13. On the same authority, in Acts xx. 28. he greater correctness, every proof sheet was critically examined reads Tν xxiv Tou Kupiou, Church of the Lord, instead of EIGHT times. There is a frontispiece, engraved on steel, repreof God, notwithstanding this last reading is supported by the Vati-senting the Last Supper, after the celebrated picture by Leonardo da Vinci. can manuscript. So also, in 1 Tim. iii. 16. he reads vp, which (mystery) was manifested, instead of os, God. But the 50. Ἡ ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ, Novum Testamentum ad Exemmuch disputed clause in 1 John v. 7. is printed as in the Complu- plar Millianum, cum emendationibus et lectionibus Griesbachii, tensian and other editions, without any intimation that its genuine- præcipuis vocibus ellipticis, thematibus omnium vocum difficiliness has been denied; although that clause is omitted in Gries-orum, atque locis scripturæ parallelis: studio et labore Gulielmi bach's edition, and is now generally considered to be spurious. GREENFIELD. Londini, 1829. 48mo.

του Θεου,

46. Novum Testamentum Græcè et Latinè, expressum ad binas editiones a Leone X. approbatas, Complutensem silicet et Erasmi Roterodami. Additæ sunt aliarum novissimarum Recensionum Variantes Lectiones Græcæ, unà cum Vulgatâ Latinâ Editionis Clementinæ, ad exemplar ex Typographiâ Apostolica Vaticanâ Romæ, 1592, correctis corrigendis ex Indicibus Correctoriis ibidem editis, necnon cum additis Lectionibus ex Vaticanis Editionibus Latinis, de annis 1590, 1592, 1593, 1598, Variantibus; adpositisque locis parallelis. Studio et curâ E. Leandri VAN Ess. Tubinge, 1827. 8vo.

A very neatly printed edition of the Greek Testament. The revised texts, consulted for it by Dr. Van Ess, are the original Complutensian, the five editions of Erasmus, Robert Stephens's edition, printed at Paris in 1546, with the preface O mirificam, &c. Matthai's second edition, published at Wittemberg in 1803-1807, and Griesbach's manual edition, published at Leipzig in 1805, with select various readings. The following is the plan followed by Dr. Van Ess in the Greek text of his edition :

1. The text adopted is fundamentally that of Erasmus's fifth edition; and is preferably retained in all those places where the revisions above enumerated vary from that edition.

New Testament is printed after Dr. Mill's edition (No. 10. p. 000; The Greek text of this beautifully executed pocket-edition of the supra) in columns, and with the usual divisions of chapters and verses. The critical emendations and various readings include the principal of these in Griesbach's edition of 1805 (No. 30. p. 11. supra). These emendations and readings, together with the themes of the more difficult words, and a selection of really parallel passages, are all clearly exhibited in a column in the centre of each page. Such of Griesbach's various readings as could not be inserted in the central column are printed in an appendix. Two neat miniature maps,-one of Palestine, and another illustrating St. Paul's Travels, increase the utility of this very portable manual edition of the Greek Testament; as a companion to which, Mr. Greenfield published, in 1829, "The Polymicrian Lexicon to the New Testament," also in 48mo. " 'Elegance and accuracy of typo. graphical execution, and the extreme smallness of the volume, which renders it a curiosity are but the least of its recommendaThe work does the highest honour to the editor's fidelity, competent learning, and sound judgment." (Eclectic Review, February, 1832. vol. vii. p. 160.)

tions.

51. 'H KAINH AIAOHKH, sive Novum Testamentum Græcè; cui subjicitur Selectio copiosa Lectionum Variantium Emen2. Where the text of the Complutensian and Erasmus's fifth edi-dationumque Griesbachii præcipuarum, necnon quamplurimæ tion agrees (as most frequently is the case) that text alone is uni- Voces Elliptica; accurante Gulielmo DUNCAN. Edinburgi, formly adopted. 1830. 12mo.

3. Where these two texts differ, that reading of one or other of them is retained, which is supported by the authority of Griesbach's text.

4. All the readings of the five recensions above enumerated, which vary from the text of Van Ess's edition, are placed in notes at the foot of the page; and where no various reading is specified, the texts of the several editions uniformly agree.

The Latin text of the Vulgate is printed opposite to the Greek, on each page, according to the edition printed at the Vatican press, at Rome, in 1592, with the requisite corrections from the Roman "Index Correctorius." References to parallel passages are added in the notes, together with the various readings from the editions

A new and greatly improved edition of the Greek Testament, first published at Edinburgh in 1811 by Mr. Adam DICKINSON, with a small selection of various readings, for the use of the senior classes in schools. It was stereotyped in 1817, and was subsequently often reprinted. The text is, for the most part, that of Dr. Mill at the foot of the pages are printed the principal elliptical words, collected from the publications of Bos, Leisner, and other eminent critics. In the text all the words and passages, absolutely rejected by Griesbach as spurious, are pointed out by enclosing them within brackets. The editor (Mr. Duncan) has annexed a copious selection of the most important of Griesbach's various read

19

authority of the Latin Vulgate version. A tabular harmony of the four Gospels is prefixed: and the volume, which is very neatly printed, concludes with an index of the Epistles and Gospels for every Sunday and festival of the Romish Church.

59. Novum Testamentum Græcè et Latinè. Ex Recensione

to mention the variation. In all the cases which he has noticed, | from a Romanist, the editor has been guided very materially by the the various reading is probably that which ought to be admitted into the text. The dates, which he has followed in the Acts of the Apostles and in arranging the apostolic epistles, differ from those commonly adopted. Dr. B. has stated his reasons for preferring this chronological scheme in "An Attempt to ascertain the Chronology of the Acts of the Apostles and of St. Paul's Epistles" (London, 1830, 8vo.), to which the reader is necessarily referred. Two very useful indexes terminate this edition of the Greek Testament, viz. 1. A list of the most remarkable Greek terms explained in the notes; and, 2. An index of facts and proper names. The typographical execution of this edition is singularly beautiful and

accurate.

57. 'H KAINH AIAOHKH. The Greek Testament; with English notes, critical, philological, and exegetical. By the Rev. S. T. BLOOMFIELD, D.D. Cambridge and London, 1832. 2 vols. 8vo.

Knappiana, adjectis variis et Griesbachii et Lachmanni lectioni-
bus, edidit Adolphus GOESCHEN. Lipsia, 1832. 8vo.
This also is a manual edition for the use of German biblical
students. The text is taken from Knappe's edition; and below it
are the principal various readings adopted by Griesbach and Lach-
mann. The Latin version, which is placed below them, is close
and faithful. The divisions of chapters are retained, but the num-
bers of the verses are given in the margin; and to each chapter is
terminates this convenient, cheap, and beautifully printed edition
prefixed a copious summary of its contents. A chronological table
of the New Testament.

SECTION IV.

TAMENTS WITH VERSIONS IN SEVERAL LANGUAGES.

THE honour of having projected the first plan of a Polyglott Bible is due to the illustrious printer, ALDUS MANUTIUS the elder; but of this projected work only one page was printed: it contains the first fifteen verses of the first chapter of the Book of Genesis in collateral columns of Hebrew, Greek, and Latin. The typographical execution is admirable: M. Renouard has given a fac-simile of it in the second edition of his excellent work on the productions of the Aldine Press. A copy of this specimen page (perhaps the only one that is extant) is preserved among the manuscripts in the Royal Library at Paris, No. MMM.LXIV.

Of this Edition the Text is a new Recension, formed most carefully on the basis of that of Stephens, adopted by Dr. Mill, from which there is no deviation but on the fullest evidence; such alterations only having been introduced, as rest on the united authority of MSS. Versions, Fathers, and early printed editions; and which have been adopted in one or more of the critical editions of Wetstein, Griesbach, Matthæi, and Scholz. Nothing has POLYGLOTT BIBLES, OR EDITIONS OF THE OLD AND NEW TESbeen omitted which is found in the Stephanic text; such words only as are, by the almost universal consent of editors and critics, regarded as interpolations being placed within distinctly marked brackets, more or less inclusive according to the degree of suspicion attached to the words. Nothing has been inserted but on the same weighty authority; and even those words are indicated as insertions by being printed in smaller characters. All altered readings (which are comparatively few, and generally found in the invaluable Editio Princeps) have asterisks prefixed, the common readings being indicated in the Notes. And such readings as, though left untouched, are generally thought to need alteration, have an obelisk prefixed. In all cases the reasons for any deviation from the Stephanic, or common text, are given. Thus, the reader possesses the advantage of having both texts placed before him, the common text and the corrected text, constituting, it is conceived, the true Greek Vulgate. The punctuation has been most carefully corrected and adjusted, after a comparison of all the best editions. To each verse is subjoined, in the outer margin, a select body of parallel references from Curcellus's edition of the New Testament, the inner margin being appropriated to the numbers of chapters and verses. The citations from the Old Testament, and the words of any speaker, are clearly indicated by a peculiar mode of printing. Under the text are copious notes (mostly original, but partially derived, with acknowledgment, from the best commentators ancient and modern) comprising whatever respects the interpretation, or tends to establish the grammatical sense. In these the editor has endeavoured to unite comprehensiveness with brevity, so as to form one consistent body, in epitome, of exegetical and philological annotation, of which the matter (very carefully digested) is, in its general character, elementary, and introductory to the larger Commentaries, especially Dr. Bloomfield's Recensio Synoptica Novi Testamenti, noticed in a subsequent page of this appendix: and it further systematically indicates the interpretation of controverted passages; being especially adapted to the use of academical students, and candidates for the sacred office, though intended also as a manual edition for theological readers in general.

In 1516 there was printed at Genoa, by Peter Paul Porrus (in Edibus Nicolai Justiniani Pauli) the Pentaglott Psalter of Augustin Justiniani Bishop of Nebo. It was in Hebrew, Arabic, Chaldee, and Greek, with the Latin Version, Glosses, and Scholia. In 1518 John Potken published the Psalter in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and Ethiopic, at Cologne. But the first Polyglott edition of the entire Hebrew Bible was that printed at Alcala in Spain, viz.

Hebraico, Græco, et Latino Idiomate; Novum Testamentum 1. Biblia Sacra Polyglotta, complectentia Vetus Testamentum, Græcum et Latinum; et Vocabularum Hebraicum et Chaldaicum Veteris Testamenti, cum Grammaticâ Hebraicâ, nec non Dictionario Græco; Studio, Opera, et Impensis Cardinalis Francisci XIMENES de Cisneros. Industria Arnaldi Gulielmi de Brocario artis impressorie magistri. Compluti, 1514, 1515. 1517, 6 vols. folio.

Of the three preceding editions of the New Testament, the following just and comparative characters have been given in an ably-conducted journal. "Dr. BLOOMFIELD'S edition of the Greek Testament is the most valuable that has yet been issued from the press in this country. We say this without disparaging the merit and usefulness of the labours of his predecessors. Dr. BURTON'S edition not only strongly recommends itself by the singular beauty of the typography, but the weight of his critical authority in respect to the varied lections which he has noted, impart to it a substantial and independent value; although, in other respects, we must confess the notes have greatly disappointed us. Mr. Valpy's edition, in point of general utility, may compete with Dr. Bloomfield's." ***** "It is rather an invidious task to adjudicate the comparative claims of competitors; but we may perhaps recom-leaf containing some Greek and Latin verses; 2. Interpretationes mend Mr. Valpy's and Dr. Burton's editions as the more suitable for those who have as yet little acquaintance with critical commentators, for the upper classes of schools, and for persons wishing to familiarize themselves with the sacred oracles in their genuine form, without embarrassing their minds with the details of criticism. Dr. Bloomfield's edition, though less suitable for the novice, will be invaluable to all whose profession requires, or whose leisure admits of a more critical study of the Sacred Writings." (Eclectic Review, December, 1832, pp. 473, 474. 492.)

58. Novum Testamentum Græcè ad optimorum librorum fidem recensuit Antonius JAUMANN. Cum selectâ Lectionum Varietate. Monachii. 1832. 8vo.

This is professedly a manual edition for the use of such students in the Universities of Germany as are unable to procure the larger and more expensive critical editions of the New Testament. The text is for the most part taken from Tittmann's edition (No. 40. p. 16. supra.) Various readings are selected from the editions of Griesbach, Matthæi, Gratz and Knappe. As might be expected VOL. II. 3 T

The printing of this splendid and celebrated work, usually called the Complutensian Polyglott, was commenced in 1502; though completed in 1517, it was not published until 1522, and it cost the munificent cardinal Ximenes 50,000 ducats. The editors were Ælius Antonius Nebrissensis, Demetrius Ducas, Ferdinandus, Pincianus, Lopez de Stunica, Alfonsus de Zamora, Paulus Coronellus, and Johannes de Vergera, a physician of Alcala or Complutum. The last three were converted Jews. This Polyglott is usually divided into six volumes. The first four comprise the Old Testament, with the Hebrew, Latin, and Greek in three distinct columns, the Chaldee paraphrase being at the bottom of the page with a Latin interpretation; and the margin is filled with Hebrew and Chaldee radicals. The fifth volume contains the Greek Testament, with the Vulgate Latin version in a parallel column; in the margin there is a kind of concordance, referring to similar passages in the Old and New Testaments. And at the end of this volume, there are, 1. A single Hebræorum, Chaldæorum, Græcorumque Nominum Novi Testamenti, on ten leaves: and 3. Introductio quam brevis ad Græcas Litteras, &c. on thirty-nine leaves. The sixth volume contains, 1. A separate title; 2. Vocabularium Hebraicum totius Veteris Testamenti, cum omnibus dictionibus Chaldæis, in eodem Veteri Testamento contentis, on one hundred and seventy-two leaves; 3. An alphabetical Index, on eight leaves, of the Latin words occurring in different parts of the work; 4. Interpretationes Hebraicorum, Chaldaicorum, Græcorumque Nominum, Veteris ac Novi Testamenti, secundum sunt illa, quæ in utroque Testamento vicio Scriptorum sunt aliter Ordinem Alphabeti; 5. Two leaves entitled Nomina quæ sequuntur, scripta quam in Hebræo et Græco, et in aliquibus Bibliis nostris antiquis, &c.; 6. Fifteen leaves entitled Introductiones Artis Grammatica Hebraica et primo de modo legendi et pronuntiandi. These several pieces are sometimes placed in a different order from that above indicated. With the exception of the manuscript eited as the Codex Rhodiensis (now utterly lost), and the Codex Bessarionis Renouard, Annales de l'Imprimerie des Aldes, tom. iii. pp. 44, 45.

(Paris, 1826.)'