From the Greeks to Darwin: An Outline of the Development of the Evolution IdeaMacmillan, 1894 - 259 oldal |
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Gyakori szavak és kifejezések
Abiogenesis acquired characters action of environment adaptations Anaxagoras Anaximander animals and plants Arabic Aristotle Aristotle's Augustine Bacon believed Biology Bonnet Bruno Buffon causes century changes conception Cuvier degeneration Democritus descent Diderôt direct action doctrine earth Embryology Empedocles Epicurus Erasmus Darwin evidence Evolution idea Evolution theory evolutionists explain extinct factor facts favourable finally Fittest Genesis germs Goethe gradual Greek habits Haeckel HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN heredity higher forms Hilaire Huxley hypothesis induction influence inorganic Kant Lamarck later Leibnitz Linnæus living lower Lucretius lution Maillet matter Maupertuis ment method modern modification mutability of species natural causation natural law natural philosophers Natural Selection naturalists Naudin observation Oken opinion organisms Origin of Species passage perfect period Philosophie Zoologique principle produced progress published Robinet says scientific similar Special Creation speculation spontaneous structure survival teaching things thought tion Treviranus types Universe variations views writers Zoology Zoonomia
Népszerű szakaszok
1. oldal - ... proceeds to judgment and to the discovery of middle axioms. And this way is now in fashion. The other derives axioms from the senses and particulars, rising by a gradual and unbroken ascent, so that it arrives at the most general...
147. oldal - ... would it be too bold to imagine, that all warm-blooded animals have arisen from one living filament, which THE GREAT FIRST CAUSE endued with animality, with the power of acquiring new parts, attended with new propensities, directed by irritations, sensations, volitions, and associations; and thus possessing the faculty of continuing to improve by its own inherent activity-, and of delivering down those improvements by generation to its posterity, world without end!
242. oldal - This has been effected chiefly through the natural selection of numerous successive, slight, favorable variations ; aided in an important manner by the inherited effects of the use and disuse of parts; and in an unimportant manner, that is, in relation to adaptive structures, whether past or present, by the direct action of external conditions, and by variations which seem to us in our ignorance...
234. oldal - It was evident that such facts as these, as well as many others, could only be explained on the supposition that species gradually become modified ; and the subject haunted me. But it was equally evident that neither the action of the surrounding conditions, nor the will of the organisms (especially in the case of plants) could account for the innumerable cases in which organisms of every kind are beautifully adapted to their habits of life — for instance, a woodpecker or a tree-frog to climb trees,...
233. oldal - Continent; and thirdly, by the South American character of most of the productions of the Galapagos archipelago, and more especially by the manner in which they differ slightly on each island of the group ; none of the islands appearing to be very ancient in a geological sense. It was evident that such facts as these, as well as many others, could only be explained on the supposition that species gradually become modified; and the subject haunted me.
238. oldal - I grieve to say that I cannot honestly go as far as you do about Design. I am conscious that I am in an utterly hopeless muddle. I cannot think that the world, as we see it, is the result of chance ; and yet I cannot look at each separate thing as the result of Design.
19. oldal - ... that there is some question as to the earth or the sky, or the other elements of this world . . . respecting which one who is not a Christian has knowledge derived from most certain reasoning or observation: and it is very disgraceful and mischievous, and of all things to be carefully avoided, that a Christian, speaking of such matters as being according to the Christian scriptures, should be heard by an unbeliever talking such nonsense that the unbeliever, perceiving him to be as wide from the...
147. oldal - ... would it be too bold to imagine, that in the great length of time, since the earth began to exist, perhaps millions of ages before the commencement of the history of mankind, would it be too bold to imagine that all warm-blooded animals have arisen from one living filament...
150. oldal - Linnaeus has conjectured in respect to the vegetable world, it is not impossible, but the great variety of species of animals, which now tenant the earth, may have had their origin from the mixture of a few natural orders.