THEOPHILUS LEIGH, D.D. (11 S. iv. 429). -There is a short notice of this Master of Balliol, "a man more famous for his sayings than his doings," with some of the sayings surviving in family tradition, in chap. i. of the Rev. J. E. Austen Leigh's Memoir of Jane Austen,' sixth edition. For Mrs. Thrale's letter to Dr. Johnson in which the Master's pun is given about splitting the table and dividing the board, see Hayward's edition of Mrs. Piozzi's Autobiography, Letters, and Literary Remains,' second edition, vol. i. p. 159. Jane Austen's mother was a daughter of the Rev. Thomas Leigh, a younger brother of Theophilus. EDWARD BENSLY. "SIR,-Notwithstanding the words Fronti nulla fides,' I think we are seldom deceived in our judgment of persons, if we do accurately examine their exterior. I am induced to make this remark, from a circumstance which occurred last Sunday week. In my way up Conduit street to church, my attention was attracted by a very smartly dressed man and his companion, preparing to enter a gig, standing at a public house, the landlord of which was arranging something in or about the gig for them; and I was insensibly led to amuse myself by surmising in what class of life could these men be, who, dressing extravagantly (as one certainly was), and having a gig, live, nevertheless, at a dirty public house. "The men were not ill looking in the face, of good height, and stout, and in the prime of life. "I looked at them, or rather at one of them, very attentively, and now recall that my looks were avoided. "The whole appearance was, however, so unusual, that I could not arrive at any other conclusion, but that there was very great inconsistency. "I now find, by your paper, and by an inquiry I made at the public house, that this party was the murderer John Thurtell, and Hunt, starting for the scene of their outrage, after they had cleaned themselves from the dirt they had received in destroying their victim. "How frequently do we find that inconsistency, trifling as it may appear to some, is the forerunner, the result, or the companion of vice! S." D. J. VANISHING LANDMARKS OF LONDON: "THE SWISS COTTAGE" (11 S. iv. 464, 514). I regret to hear that this old tavern is about to become a thing of the past, as it was one of the landmarks of my boyhood. It was within its walls that Hocker, after the murder of Mr. Delarue, rested for a time before his capture. This tragic incident, of which an account will be found in Howitt's Northern Heights,' took place in 1843 or 1844, to the best of my recollection (I am away from my books), and created an immense excitement in the St. John's Wood and Hampstead districts. My family was residing in the neighbourhood at the time, and one of my earliest recollections is of being taken by my nurse to view the scene of the murder on the day following the tragedy. Childish memories connected with the horrible never seem to fade, and I yet have before my mind's eye the narrow lane, bordered with hawthorn hedges, in which the crime was committed. A sketch of it, still in my possession, was published in The Illustrated London News. W. F. PRIDEAUX, [Hocker was executed 28 April, 1845.] THE REV. ILIFF (11 S. iv. 210).— It is not improbable that the Rev. Thomas Iliff, of Lincoln College, Oxford (B.A. 1760), and of Nuneaton, Warwickshire, was a master at Westminster School. He was Curate and Lecturer of St. Mary-le-Strand, Lecturer of St. Michael Bassishaw, and Librarian at Westminster Abbey. He resided during many years in Devereux Court, Strand, and subsequently in Dean's Yard, Westminster. He is supposed to have had eight children by his wife Frances, viz. : Edward Henry, Thomas (a major the H.E.I.Co.'s service), William, Daniel, Richard, Charles, Frances, and Susannah (married to John Morgan, father of Sir Charles Morgan, and subsequently married to the Rev. William Bingley, author of Animal Biography '). He died 15 August, 1803, aged 66 years, and was buried at St. Mary's, Newington, Surrey. The will of the Rev. Thomas Iliff, of Dean's Yard, Westminster, clerk, dated 3 May, 1803, was proved in the P.C.C. 30 September, 1803 (779 "Marriott "), and twice subsequently (on 4 October, 1803, and 10 August, 1822). in The eldest son, Edward Henry Iliff, one of the residuary legatees, became an actor, and for some time played in an inferior capacity at the Haymarket Theatre. He was the author of A Summary of the Duties of Citizenship,' 8vo (1795); 'A Tear of Sympathy or, Striking Objects of Travel Henry Purcell.' For further information see Cathedral Organists Past and Present,'. by John E. West, 1899, p. 120. CHAS. HALL CROUCH. in Italy, Prussia, Spain, France, Russia, &c.,' 12mo, 1796; and 'Angelo, a Novel founded on Melancholy Facts,' 12mo, 1796. His wife, Mary or Maria (Palmer), formerly an actress, wrote Poems, upon Several Subjects,' 12mo, London, 1808; 2nd ed., 8vo, Malta, 1818. Frances Iliff, usually styled Mrs. Wyndham, was the mother of the children of George O'Brien (Wyndham), third Earl of Egre mont. See R. Hovenden, 'Monumental Inscriptions in the Old Churchyard of St. Mary, Newington, Surrey,' part i., 1880, p. 156; Biographical Dictionary of Living Authors,' 1816, p. 171; Catalogue of the Printed Books in the British Museum; G. E. C.'s 'Complete Peerage,' s.n. Egremont.' DANIEL HIPWELL. Some are too partial, as friends, to overween, others come with a prejudice to carp, vilify, detract, and scoff (qui de me forsan, quicquid est, omni contemptu contemplius judicant); some as bees for honey, some as spiders to gather poison.' Anatomy of Melancholy,' vol. i. p. 26 (Shilleto's ed.). Pope in his Essay on Man,' Ep. i. 219, has In the nice bee, what sense so subtly true From pois nous herbs extracts the healing dew? The spider has been mentioned in the preceding couplet. Elwin observes in a note on this passage of Pope : "When the nectar of flowers is poisonous, the bee has not the power of separating its noxious from its wholesome properties, nor do bees always avoid the flowers which are hurtful to them." EDWARD BENSLY. 62, Nelson Road, Stroud Green, N. JANE AUSTEN'S PERSUASION' (11 S. iv. 288, 339, 412).-1. The author seems very partial to the use of an active tense where a passive would now be insisted on. Thus in Emma' I find :-- "The proposal.... .was so effectually promoted that soon everything was clearing away. "While the sleek, well-tied parcels of Men's Beavers' and York Tans' were bringing down and displaying on the counter." "Tea was carrying round." 4. The reference to Henry and Emma is evidently to Prior's version of The Nutbrown Maid' rather than to Speed the Plough.' N. W. HILL. * GUILD OR FRATERNITY OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY (11 S. iv. 490).-The "Fraterwas the name of nity of the Blessed Virgin the Guild of Carpenters. The "Guild of the Blessed Virgin Mary was that of the Shoemakers. From the members of these and the other trade guilds of Dublin (numbering in all twenty-five) the Common Council men were chosen for the old unreformed Corporation of Dublin. A full list of the guilds and much information about them will be found in Warburton, Whitelaw, and Walsh's History of L. A. W. Dublin,' vol. ii. p. 1064. Dublin. ROBERT SOUTHEY'S LETTERS (11 S. iv. 429). For a notice of Whittle Harvey see 2 S. x. 109: "While alluding to Colchester I might as well make a Note respecting the boyhood of Daniel Whittle Harvey, Esq. When under articles to a solicitor there, named Daniels, the aspiring youngster scrawled upon a wall this inscription: must be so.' This ambitious dream was singu D. W. Harvey, Esq., M.P. for Colchester. It larly enough verified." Tymms's Family Topographer, 1832, has HAMLET AS CHRISTIAN NAME (11 S. iv. 305, 395). Hamblett, is still to be found in WarringHamlet, or (more frequently) ton, both as surname and Christian name. C. M. Warrington. MANZONI: PROMESSI SPOSI (11 S. iv. 408). The translation of Manzoni's romance, published at Pisa in 1828 as The Betrothed,' was made by C. Swan. See B.M. Catalogue, Clowes, 1886. N. W. HILL. Notes on Books, &c. Old English Libraries. By Ernest A. Savage. (Methuen & Co.) manuscripts, was giving way to a more individual use of literature. In the middle of the fifteenth century book-collecting, to a modest degree, was not infrequently practised. Wills and inventories afford testimony that before the end of Henry VI.'s reign the first impulse of the Italian Renaissance towards the study of Greek and Arabic was already producing an effect. To make his account of the slow development of English letters complete, Mr. Savage describes the methods used in preparing and adorning manuscripts. He also speaks of the curious satchels in which early Irish Christians kept the writings which they had beautified. The MR. SAVAGE is an enthusiastic student of the book-boxes and book-rooms of a much later age development of literary knowledge in England. receive the attention due to them, and the author He sees distinctly that any one seeking to under- has something to say of the book-trade as it existed stand the medieval mind must set himself to a little before the discovery of printing. Parchlearn what books influenced educated thought ment-makers, scribes, illuminators, bookbinders, between the first introduction of Christianity and and stationers or booksellers all interest him. the full blossom-time of the Renaissance. He The particular importance of stationers in the therefore begins by showing how the early Irish Universities is carefully explained. By 1403 the monasteries derived their learning, through Gaul, Stationers' Company in London was chartered. from Eastern monachism; and how the beautiful Grocers also sold manuscripts, parchment, paper, manuscripts which they eventually produced and ink. King John of France, while a prisoner played a part in the civilization of England and in England in 1360, bought paper and parchment the mainland of Europe. It was the followers of from the grocers of Lincoln. From a scribe of the Benedictine rule who finally established Lincoln he bought books, some of which are now monastic study on a definite plan, although it in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris. Books does not appear that the rule was strictly observed were also to be purchased at the great fairs. for some time after St. Augustine introduced it Though the monasteries had begun by producing into England. Progress must have been made little beyond religious and grammatical works, in some fashion, however, both in the southern these presently proved insufficient. The prejudice counties and in Northumbria, which became against classical Latin literature had to give way. famous for the learning bestowed on it by Irish After a while it became convenient to look on the missionaries. Mr. Savage relates that a decree works of some heathen authors as allegorical. of the Council held at Cloveshoe in 747 pointed" Ovid allegorized contained profound truths; out the want of instruction among the religious. his Art of Love,' so treated, was not unfit for Nevertheless, England was in high repute for nuns." Law treatises also came into fashion, its scholars, as was recognized by Charles the since jurists received more rewards and benefices Great when he invited Alcuin to his Court-only than theologians and philosophers. Then the a few years before the Vikings began to ravage stimulus given when Greek books, and Arabic Britain, and overwhelm the monasteries with a versions of them, became obtainable quickened destruction which meant the loss of invaluable learning with new energy. It was in the fourbooks. Alfred the Great "bewailed the small teenth and fifteenth centuries that “ romances number of people south of the Humber who under- began to creep into all the libraries save the stood the English of their service, or could trans- academic, in which they are rarely found." The late from Latin into English." Among all the monks added some to their collections, probably cares weighing on him, he found courage enough at first that they might be copied and sold to to foster the national literature, with the result augment the monastic income; but Mr. Savage that while ecclesiastics were slaughtered by remarks that later writers echo such charges as piratical hordes of pagans, and Latin languished, that in Piers Plowman' which declares that a work could yet be done in the native tongue. For friar was much better acquainted with the Rimes years the plight of the monasteries made it im- of Robin Hood' and Randal, Erle of Chester,' possible that learning should prosper, but matters than with his Pater-noster. It cannot be doubted improved under the influence of St. Dunstan. that Piers himself, and the lays relating to such heroes as Bevis, Guy, and Havelok the Dane, had great influence on the lives of illiterate people. Even cultivated men like Bishop Grosseteste enjoyed listening to gestours and ballad-singers. such difficult reading are infinitely more entertaining when read aloud: the voice gives life and character to a humdrum narrative, and the gestour would know how to make the best of incidents which he knew from experience to be especially interesting to an audience." There was nothing to prevent him from improving a story when a telling phrase occurred to his mind. He might also dovetail fresh incidents into it. N doubt every bear-baiting or church-ale would entertained with a slightly different version o popular narrative of the day. After the Conquest the reformation in ecclesiastical affairs which was brought about by Lanfranc led to the encouragement of knowledge, and the production of accurate texts of patristic books. "From Lanfranc to the close" The spun-out, dreary poems which now make of the thirteenth century was the summer-time of the English religious houses.... During this prosperous age some of the great houses did their best work in writing and study." When a slow decline set in, the coming of the Friars imparted fresh energy to the production of manuscripts. Oxford and Cambridge, too, began to do good work. By the end of the fourteenth century a few books were usually to be found in wellto-do households, and the custom of tale-tellers reciting stories from memory, or reading romances and chronicles to an audience ill-provided with BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES.-DECEMBER. AMONG items of interest in Mr. H. Davey's Catalogue 31 are Butler's British Birds,' illustrated, 6 vols., 21. 108.; Richardson's Novels, Library Edition, 19 vols., 31. 158.; the National Edition of Shakespeare, 6 vols., 1851, 11. 2s. 6d. ; the Miniature Edition, 40 vols., with bookcase, 11. 128.; and Cowden Clarke's edition, 4 vols., 17. 108. There are also lists under America, Ireland, London, and Sporting. Messrs. Higham & Son's Catalogue 505 contains the library of a retired Irish clergyman and 1,200 books at a shilling each. Among the more important entries are Martin's Traictise declaryng and plainly prouyng that the pretended Marriage of Priestes and Professed Persones is no Mariage,' black-letter, 1554, 31. 38. ; Jewish Encyclopædia,' 12 vols., 2,000 illustrations, 107. 108.; Strype's Works, 27 vols., 18121828, 6l. 10s.; Expository Times, Vols. I.-XX., Al.; Hibbert Journal, Nos. 1-37, 21. 108.; Augustine, Opera Omnia,' 11 vols. in 15, 1836, and St. Chrysostom, Opera Omnia,' 13 vols., 1834, 61. There are also lists under Hymnology and Occult Literature. Al.; St. Mr. Edmund Lister of Oldham devotes his Fourth Catalogue to Book-Plates. It contains descriptions of over a thousand specimens, and includes the book-plates of many notable_men, such as Blackstone, Buckle, Cowper, Julius Charles Hare, Joseph Knight, Joseph Priestley, Southey, Wordsworth, and Arthur Young. Plates by Bewick, Sherborn, Bartolozzi, and other artists appear in the Catalogue. Messrs. Maggs send their Catalogue 276, Rare and Choice Books. The title is fully justified, there being numerous specimens of beautiful bindings and literary treasures, besides illuminated Horæ ranging in price from 1207. to 9501. Browning's earliest book, Pauline,' the rare first edition, 1833, is 2007.; and the first edition of Burns, Poems,' Kilmarnock, 1786, with two lines of The Twa Dogs' in the poet's autograph, 550l. There is also the collection of Cruikshank's separate engravings formed by Capt. Douglas, all inlaid to uniform size, and bound by Rivière in levant morocco extra, 1,5001. The Dickens entries include the first edition of Sketches by Boz,' the original 20 numbers, 1127.; and a set of 55 Pickwick Playing Cards, with illustrations by "Kyd" of the principal Pickwickians, 451. Under French Engraving is a collection of 348 plates by the Bonnarts (father and sons), 2507. A collection of first editions of Thomas Hardy, 40 vols., levant morocco extra, is 1207.; and a similar collection of Meredith, 51 vols., calf extra, 1287. 10s. There are also choice items under Swinburne, Tennyson, and Thackeray. full 6 Wilde's Salomé,' first English edition, is 5l. 58. ; Gould's 'Birds from the Himalayas,' with 80 coloured plates, 107. 108.; Mrs. Delany, the two series, first editions, uncut, 51. 58.; a large'Northern Counties,' paper copy of Dibdin's with the plates on India paper, 3 vols., uncut, 6l. 68. ; an extra-illustrated copy of Gronow's Reminiscences,' with 132 portraits and an autograph letter from the Duke of Wellington inserted, extended to 4 vols., bound in crushed morocco extra, 15l.; Letchford's illustrations to Burton's Arabian Nights,' 71 plates (proofs), atlas folio, 61. 68.; Syntax's three Tours,' fine copy, 101. 108. ; English Dance of Death,' first edition, 111. 58., and the Dance of Life,' uniform, 5l. 15l.; a coloured view of St. Helena, after Huggins by Duncan, 71. 78. ; and Walpole's Royal and Noble Authors,' by Park, 5 vols., crimson morocco, 6l. 108. Mr. G. A. Poynder of Reading includes in his Catalogue 61 Bishop's New England Judged,' 1703, 21.; Kolben's Present State of Cape of Good Hope,' 1731, 17. 12s. 6d. ; relics of McClintock's voyage in search of Sir John Franklin; Bacon's Essayes,' original calf, 1629, 31. 38.; Maund's Botanic Garden,' 13 vols., fine set, 18251851, 127. 10s. ; Dawkins's Cave Hunting,' the first copy printed, 1873, 31.; Royal Society's and Transactions, 39 vols., 1857-90, 21: Natural History Wiltshire Archæological and Magazine, 18 vols., 1854-79, 77. 108. There are also scarce works on natural history, early editions of Goldsmith, first editions of rare items by Violet Fane, and addenda of interesting old prints. Mr. Frank Redway, who has removed to 9, Thornton Road, Wimbledon Common, includes in his Catalogue of Choice and Rare Books (No. 10) Americana; first editions of Brontë, Borrow, Cruikshank, Dickens, Hardy, Herrick's Hesperides,' 1648 (imperfect), Kipling, Lamb, Meredith, Pater, Rossetti, Stevenson, Swinburne, Thackeray, Whistler, Wilde, and Wordsworth; illustrated by Kate Greenaway, W. Crane, CaldeAssociation" Books; and a collection of books cott, and others. There are also lists under Folklore, Ornithology, and Sporting. Mr. C. Richardson of Manchester includes in his Catalogue 67 a number of books relating to America; a copy of the first edition of Combe's English Dance of Death' and Dance of Life,' 3 vols., original cloth, 1815-17, 187. 10s.; Caldecott's Complete Collection of Graphic Pictures, folio, cloth, 1888, 21. Du Fresnoy's Art of Painting,' first edition, 4to, calf, 1695, 17. 108.; Gladstone's Studies on Homer,' 3 vols., 11. 158. ; Motley's Historical Works, original Library Editions, 11 vols., 71. 108.; Victor Hugo's Novels, Edition de Luxe, 13 vols, 31. 5s.; first editions of Leigh Hunt, &c. Notices to Correspondents. EDITORIAL Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries'"-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Pub lishers" at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. Messrs. Myers include in their Catalogue 175, under Art, a copy (one of 25 only) of the Edition de Luxe, on Japanese vellum, of Jacob Maris,' by T. de Bock, with 90 page reproductions, 51. (published at 311. 108. net); and the original issue of Muther's 'Modern Painting,' 3 vols., 21. 108. Under Beardsley are a complete set of The Savoy, 31. 38. ; Beardsley's Early Work,' 31. 3s.; and COL. CHIPPINDALL ("Washington Irving's 'Sketch other books illustrated by the same artist. Book"").-Anticipated ante, p. 217. SUBJECT INDEX. ELEVENTH SERIES.-VOL. IV. [For classified articles see ANONYMOUS WORKS, BIBLIOGRAPHY, BOOKS RECENTLY PUBLished, Abbott (Henry Bethune), Gray's Inn, 1833, 149 Abbott (Mrs. Jone) = John Warner, c. 1616, 174 Abstracts and deeds of title, the preservation of, Accentuation of Latin words, 448 Account of some Remarkable Passages in the Act against profane swearing, public reading of, Adams (Mary) = Dr. Zachary Pearce, c. 1721, 247 Affleck (Gilbert), Westminster scholar, 1774, 149 82 "Agasonic," meaning of the word, 28, 96 Antigallican Society, c. 1780, its principles, 448, Antiquities, London, museums of, 34 Apophthegms for school museum, 10 66 Apssen counter," meaning of the phrase, 217, 256 Arimathea (Joseph of), legend of wooden church, Armorial bearings of Queen Mary at the Corona- Armour, the rating of clergy for, 468, 532 Army bandmasters and the officers' mess, 247, Alabaster (William), Prebendary of St. Paul's, 389, Arno, origin of the surname, 290, 376 513 86 American national flower, 228, 352, 455 Anderson (Capt. T. A.), his military career c. 1803, Angell family of Berks, 310 Anglo-Saxon, list of obsolete words, 470 Anonymous Works:- Arnold (John) of Highnam, 1522, 110 Arnold (Dr. Thomas) and Humphry Clinker,' 348 Arnold, Griffin, and Wilkes families, 249 As dark as a stack of black cats," meaning of As sure as God made little apples," use of the Ashby (William), Ambassador to Scotland 1588, Ashley, or Astley (Katherine), governess to Queen Account of some Remarkable Passages in the Ashton (Sir William), M.P. 1624, his biography, 16 66 Aske (Robert) of Aughton, 1537, and a MS. on, 441 Astley, or Ashley (Katherine), governess to Queen Astræa Queen Elizabeth, poetical name, 69 Asylums, private, and lunatics, 209, 251, 395, 499 |