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Khiva, on the confines of Russia. See the valuable testimony of the Rev. Dr. Wolff on this subject. He says (p. 149, Wolff's Bokhara): "The tone of Persians and Turks has also changed with regard to their estimate of the British and Russian powers. About twenty-four years ago, the Turks spoke of England as a power inferior to that of the Sultan; and the Persians spoke of the Russians as men who would never be able to take Erivan; but now these Mohammedan countries have at last been compelled to acknowledge the superiority of both, Russia as well as England; and it is come so far, that both the Turks as well as the Persians acknowledge that they cannot go to war with each other, "for Russia and England will not allow it." Instead of saying, as for merly, "No power can take Stamboul," the Turks as well as the Persians frequently asked me, "When will the English come and take this country?"

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Again, at p. 367, he says: The Pooloj and the Turkomāns say, 6 a Frankee, an Englishman, has trod in the footsteps of Timur;" and the name of that English giant, as the Tūrkomāns call him, is SIR CHARLES NAPIER, conqueror and governor of Scinde. Sir Charles Napier is, in Turkistān and Bokhara, compared with Rustam of old, so also have I heard a late minister of Her Majesty, in Turkey and Persia, compared with Malek Shah, the greatest of all Viziers, the opposer of the Assassins,—and this minister is LORD PALMERSTON."

At p. 376: "A dervish relating the deeds of Timur, suddenly broke off, and, turning to me, he said, “The English people are now Timur, for they are the descendants of Ghenghis Khan. The Inglees will be the conquerors of the world. On my pilgrimage to Mecca I came to Aden, where they keep a strong force, and from whence they may march to Mecca whenever they please, and march towards Mecca they shall."

And lastly, at p. 377: "Another came forward. He was from Scinde, and said, 'There is now a governor in Scinde, Lord Napier by name, who is like lightning flame. He has beaten one hundred thousand Pooloj with four hundred men.""

THE SAILOR'S CHRISTMAS EVE.

Page 21, line 5.

Stud sails.

A common contraction for studding sails, pronounced stunsels.

Page 22, line 2.

So, save the helmsman, all may go below.

Cf. Odyss. ix. 78:

τὰς δ ̓ ἄνεμός τε κυβερνῆταί τ' ἔθυνον.

Page 22, line 4.

'Twill cheer your hearts and gladden every nerve.

Cf. Odyss. x. 175:

ἀλλ ̓ ἄγετ ̓ ὄφρ' ἐν νηῒ θοῇ βρῶσίς τε πόσις τε,
μνησόμεθα βρώμης μηδὲ τρυχώμεθα λιμῷ.

Thus again in Horace, Odes, b. i. Ode vii. 29:
"O fortes, pejoraque passi

Mecum sæpe viri, nunc vino pellite curas:
Cras ingens iterabimus æquor."

Page 24, line 7.

'Twixt long-drawn whiffs to tell.

There are many attempts in the Classics to embody the manner of an action in the peculiarities of the measure; thus in Odyss. xi 598, -the line

αὖτις· ἔπειτα πέδονδε κυλίνδετο λᾶας ἀναιδής,

the successive bounds of the stone are depicted in the successive dactyls; as also in Virg. Æn. i. 85:

"Una Eurusque Notusque ruunt creberque procellis
Africus "

is depicted in the same manner the sudden rush of the wind.

The author has attempted above, by a succession of spondaic and consonantal syllables, to describe the impediments to utterance occasioned by successive whiffs of the pipe.

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As when, while silence stilled the curious crowd.

Cf. Hecuba, line 532:

σιγᾶτ ̓ ̓Αχαιοί, σίγα πᾶς ἔστω λεώς·
σίγα, σιώπα· νήνεμον δ ̓ ἔστησ ̓ ὄχλον.

Page 29, line 19.

Each has expended for the general weal.

Cf. Demosth. Olynth. i. § 8: ἀλλ ̓, ἵν οἱ ἄλλοι τύχωσι τῶν δικαίων, τὰ ὑμέτερ' αὐτῶν ἀνηλίσκετε εἰσφέροντες, καὶ προεκινδυνεύετε στρατευόμενοι.

Page 31, line 15.

A fiery rocket soaring to the sky,

It speaks Vienna's swift approaching doom.

Cf. Virg. Georg. b. i. 487:

"Non alias cælo ceciderunt plura sereno

Fulgura, nec diri toties arsere cometæ.'

Page 33, line 2.

The ather breathed by living men.

Cf. Virg. Æn. i. 546:

"Quem si fata virum servant; si vescitur aura

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Etheria, neque adhuc crudelibus occubat umbris."

Page 33, line 6.

And strike her starry crown against the skies.

Cf. Hor. Odes, b. i. Ode i. 36:

"Sublimi feriam sydera vertice."

Page 33, line 17.

No more upon the golden Cherubim.

"C'est une belle figure lyrique ou épique à jeter dans le poëme des vieux mystères de la civilisation judaïque."—LAMARTINE. Voyages en Orient.

Page 33, line 18.

שכינה

The ancient Jews considered the Sh' Chinah to be a person in the Trinity equivalent to the Son of God, as is apparent from the following mystical comment on Isa. xliii. 7.

יצרתיו אף עשיתיו ולעילא כל הנקרא בשמי ולכבודי בראתיו

כמראה אדס דא שכינתא דאיהי כחיזו דעמודא דאמצעיתאי

קב"ה ושכינתיה אתקרי אז אדם דאיהו עמודא דאמצעיתא.

"Every one that is called by my name: for I have created him for my glory, I have formed him; yea, I have made him.'

"In the above-mentioned [quotation from Ezek. i. 26], 'The likeness as the appearance of a man above upon it,' means the Sh' Chinah; for it is like the middle pillar. The holy and blessed one, with his Sh' Chinah, will then be called Man, for HE is the middle pillar."

Again, in the preface to Aichah Rabthi, a Cabalistic book, fol. 54, col 1:

אמר ר' יוחנן שלש שניס ומחצה עשתה השכינה יושבת על הר זתים סבורה שמא ישראל יעשו תשובה.

"Rabbi Jochanan said, the Sh' Chinah was sitting three years and a half upon the Mount of Olives, thinking, peradventure, Israel may repent."

Page 34, line 11.

Falsely accused and tortured all for gain, &c.

For an account of these atrocities, cf. "The Jews in Great Britain," by the Rev. M. Margoliouth.

Page 34, line 17.

'Twas Lithuania's realms received thee then.

Cf. the "Star of Jacob," No. iii. p. 91.

Page 36, line 10.

Leaves the translucent bosom of the wave.

Cf. Milton, Comus :

"Sabrina fair!

Listen, where thou art sitting,

Under the glassy, cool, translucent wave."

Page 40, line 12.

And only man seems to fade and die.

This alludes to the havoc made in the West Indies by the vomito prieto, or yellow fever.

Page 40, line 20.

And return when its odious meal is done,
To croak and to scream at the setting sun.

Cf. Horace, Odes, b. iii. Ode xxvii. 9:

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