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EARLY CRITICISM

JEFFREY (Lord Francis), Edinburgh Review: No. 38, Art. 10, Childe Harold; No. 42, Art. 2. The Giaour: No. 45, Art. 9, The Corsair and Bride of Abydos; No. 54, Art. 1, Byron's Poetry; No. 56. Art. 7, Manfred: No. 58, Art. 2, Beppo; No. 70, Art. 1. Marino Faliero; No. 72, Art. 5, Byron's Tragedies. Also in his Critical Essays. SCOTT (Sir Walter), Childe Harold's Pilgrimage; in the Quarterly Review, 1818. Also in his Critical and Miscellaneous Essays.-MACAULAY (T. B.), Moore's Life of Byron; in the Edinburgh Review. 1831. Also in his Essays. -SOUTHEY (R.), Essays, 1832. HAZLITT (W.), Spirit of the Age. HUGO (V.), Littérature et Philosophie, 1834.

LATER CRITICISM

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*ARNOLD (M.), Essays in Criticism, Second Series, 1888. - BRANDES (G. M. C.), Shelley und Lord Byron: Zwei litterarische Charakterbilder, 1894. *BRANDES (G. M. C.), Die Hauptströmungen in der Litteratur des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts, Vol. IV; English translation, 1904. CHESTERTON (G. K.), Twelve Types: The Optimism of Byron, 1902. DARMESTETER (James), Essais de Littérature anglaise. DOWDEN (Edward), French Revolution and English Literature: Essay VI, 1897. DOWDEN (Edward), Studies in Literature: French Revolution and Literature, 1878. HENLEY (W. E.), Views and Reviews, 1890.HUTTON (R. H.), Literary Essays, 1871, 1888. KINGSLEY (Charles), Works: Thoughts on Shelley and Byron.LOFORTE-RONDI (Andrea), Nelle Letterature straniere, 1903. MAZZINI (G.), Essays: Byron and Goethe. *MORE (Paul E.), Atlantic Monthly, Dec., 1898: The Wholesome Revival of Byron; Introduction to the Cambridge Edition, 1905; Shelburne Essays, Third Series: Don Juan, 1906. MORLEY (John), Miscellanies, Vol. I, 1871.-*PYRE (J. T. A.), Byron in our Day; in the Atlantic, April, 1907. *SCHMIDT (Julian), Portraits aus dem neunzehnten Jahrhundert: Lord Byron, 1878. SWINBURNE (A. C.), Miscellanies: Wordsworth and Byron, 1886. *SWINBURNE (A. C.), Essays and Studies, 1875.*SYMONDS (J. A.), In Ward's English Poets, Vol. IV. - *TAINE (H.), History of English Literature, Vol. IV, 1863, 1871.-*TRENT (W. P.), Authority of Criticism: The Byron Revival, 1899. *WATTS-DUNTON (T.), In Chambers's New Cyclopædia of English Literature, Vol. III, 1904. -*WOODBERRY (G. E.), Makers of Literature (1890), 1900.

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AUSTIN (Alfred), The Bridling of Pegasus, 1910: Wordsworth and Byron. · COLLINS (J. C.), Studies in Poetry and Criticism, 1905. GENDARME DE BEVOTTE (G.), La Légende de Don Juan: son Evolution dans la littérature des origines au romantisme, 1907. — HANCOCK (A. E.), French Revolution and the English Poets, 1899. LANG (A.), Poets' Country, 1907.LEONARD (W. E.), Byron and Byronism in America, 1905. MENGIN (Urbain), L'Italie des Romantiques, 1902. - MOIR (D. M.), Sketches of the Poetical Literature of the Past Half-Century, 1851.- NISARD (Désiré), Portraits et Études d'Histoire littéraire. PAYNE (W. M.), Greater English Poets of the Nineteenth Century, 1907. SCHUYLER (Eugene), Italian Influences. SYMONS (A.), Romantic Movement in English Poetry, 1909.

BYRON'S INFLUENCE ON THE CONTINENT

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See BRANDES, ELZE, CASTELAR, TAINE, MENGIN, NISARD, MONDOT, LESCURE, HUGO, etc., above; and LAMARTINE and GAUTIER, below. ACKERMANN (Richard), Lord Bryon: sein Leben, seine Werke, sein Einfluss auf die Deutsche Litteratur. BLAZE DE BURY (H.), Tableaux romantiques de Littérature et d'Art, 1878: Lord Byron et le Byronisme; from the Revue des deux Mondes, Oct. 15, 1872. CLARK (W. J.), Byron und die Romantische Periode in Frankreich, Inaugural Dissertation, Leipzig, 1901. DUMAS, Mémoires, Vol. IX, Chap. 6, 7 and 8. *ESTÈVE (E.), Byron et le romantisme français - essai sur la fortune et l'influence de Byron en France de 1812 à 1850, Paris, 1907.- *GOETHE, Conversations with Eckermann. - HOHENHAUSEN (E. P. A.), Rousseau, Goethe, Byron, ein Kritisch-literarischer Umriss aus Ethischchristlichem Standpunkt, 1847. KAISER, Byron's und Delavigne's Marino Faliero, Dusseldorf, 1870. LAMARTINE, Le dernier Chant de Childe Harold, 1824. - LORENZO y D'AYOT (Manuel), Shakspere, Lord Byron, y Chateaubriand, como modelos de la Juventud Literaria. - MELCHIOR (Felix), Heinrich Heine's Verhältnis zu Lord Byron, Berlin, 1903. MUONI (Guido), La Fama del Byron, e il Byronismo in Italia, 1903. MONTI (G.), Studi Critici: Leopardi e Byron, 1887. MUSSET (A. de), La Coupe et les Lèvres (Dédicace), Lettre à Lamartine, Namouna, etc. OCHSENBEIN (W.), Die Aufnahme Lord Byrons in Deutschland und sein Einfluss auf den jungen Heine, 1905. - PICHOT (A.), Essai sur la Vie, le Caractère, et le Génie de Lord Byron. PONS (Gaspard de), Annales romantiques, 1826: Bonaparte et Byron. RIGAL (Eugène), Victor Hugo et Byron; in the Revue d'Histoire littéraire de la France, July-Sept., 1907.-SAINTE-BEUVE, Chateaubriand et son Groupe littéraire, Vol. I., Chap. 15, 1848. SAND (George), Histoire de ma Vie, Vol. III. — SAND (George), Essai sur le drame fantastique: Goethe, Byron, Mickievicz; in the Revue des deux Mondes, Dec. 1, 1839. -SIMHART (Max), Lord Byrons Einfluss auf die italienische Literatur, 1909. STENDHAL, Racine et Shakspere, 1823. — SCHMIDT (G. B. O.), Rousseau und Byron: Ein Beitrag zur Vergleichenden Litteratur-Geschichte des Revolutions-zeitalters, 1890.- WEDDIGEN (Friedrich H. O.), Lord Byron's Einfluss auf die Europäischen Litteraturen der Neuzeit, 1884.

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TRIBUTES IN VERSE

LAMARTINE, Méditations poétiques, 1820: L'Homme, à Lord Byron. SHELLEY, Julian and Maddalo, 1818; Fragment to Byron, 1818; Sonnet to Byron, 1821. KEATS, Sonnet to Byron. GAUTIER, Poésies, Vol. I. MALONE (W.), Napoleon and Byron.- WATSON (William), Epigrams: Byron the Voluptuary. - CROWNINSHIELD (F.), A Painter's Moods: To Byron. NOEL (R.), Byron's Grave.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

*COLERIDGE (E. H.), in Vol. VII of his edition of the Poetical Works. ANDERSON (J. P.), Appendix to Noel's Life of Byron.

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AND thou art dead, as young and fair
As aught of mortal birth;
And form so soft, and charms so rare,
Too soon return'd to Earth!
Though Earth received them in her bed
And o'er the spot the crowd may tread
In carelessness or mirth,

There is an eye which could not brook
A moment on that grave to look.

I will not ask where thou liest low,
Nor gaze upon the spot;

There flowers or weeds at will may grow,
So I behold them not:

It is enough for me to prove

That what I loved, and long must love,
Like common earth can rot;
To me there needs no stone to tell,
'Tis Nothing that I loved so well.

Yet did I love thee to the last

As fervently as thou,

Who didst not change through all the past,

And canst not alter now.

The love where Death has set his seal,
Nor age can chill, nor rival steal,

Nor falsehood disavow:

And, what were worse, thou canst not

see

Or wrong, or change, or fault in me.

The better days of life were ours;

The worst can be but mine;

The sun that cheers, the storm that lowers,

Shall never more be thine.

The silence of that dreamless sleep
I envy now too much to weep;
Nor need I to repine,

That all those charms have pass'd away; I might have watch'd through long decay.

The flower in ripen'd bloom unmatch'd
Must fall the earliest prey;
Though by no hand untimely snatch'd,
The leaves must drop away;
And yet it were a greater grief
To watch it withering leaf by leaf,
Than see it pluck'd to-day;
Since earthly eye but ill can bear
To trace the change to foul from fair.

I know not if I could have borne
To see thy beauties fade:
The night that follow'd such a morn
Had worn a deeper shade;
Thy day without a cloud hath pass'd,
And thou wert lovely to the last;

Extinguish'd, not decay'd;

As stars that shoot along the sky Shine brightest as they fall from high.

As once I wept, if I could weep,

My tears might well be shed, To think I was not near to keep One vigil o'er thy bed; To gaze, how fondly! on thy face, To fold thee in a faint embrace,

Uphold thy drooping head; And show that love, however vain, Nor thou nor I can feel again.

Yet how much less it were to gain,
Though thou hast left me free,
The loveliest things that still remain,
Than thus remember thee!
The all of thine that cannot die
Through dark and dread Eternity
Returns again to me,

And more thy buried love endears
Than aught except its living years.
February, 1812. 1812.

WHEN WE TWO PARTED

WHEN we two parted
In silence and tears,
Half broken-hearted

To sever for years,

Pale grew thy cheek and cold,
Colder thy kiss;
Truly that hour foretold
Sorrow to this.

The dew of the morning Sunk chill on my browIt felt like the warning

Of what I feel now. Thy vows are all broken, And light is thy fame: I hear thy name spoken,

And share in its shame.

They name thee before me,
A knell to mine ear;
A shudder comes o'er me-
Why wert thou so dear?
They know not I knew thee,

Who knew thee too well: Long, long shall I rue thee, Too deeply to tell.

In secret we met

In silence I grieve, That thy heart could forget, Thy spirit deceive. If I should meet thee

After long years,

How should I greet thee?— With silence and tears.

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And the voice of the nightingale never is mute:

Where the tints of the earth, and the hues of the sky,

In color though varied, in beauty may vie,

And the purple of ocean is deepest in dye;

Where the virgins are soft as the roses they twine,

And all, save the spirit of man, is divine? "T is the clime of the East; 't is the land of the Sun—

Can he smile on such deeds as his children have done?

Oh! wild as the accents of lovers' farewell

Are the hearts which they bear, and the tales which they tell.

Begirt with many a gallant slave,
Apparell'd as becomes the brave,
Awaiting each his lord's behest
To guide his steps, or guard his rest,
Old Giaffir sate in his Divan:

Deep thought was in his aged eye;
And though the face of Mussulman

Not oft betrays to standers by
The mind within, well skill'd to hide
All but unconquerable pride,

His pensive cheek and pondering brow
Did more than he was wont avow.

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