interfection of the country by navig. ble rivers, which brings the trade to the doors or the inhabitants, and prevents the neceflity of their going in quest cf it to a distance.

Norfolk contains 4,202 white inhabitants, and 2,724 faves. This borough will probably become the empo rium for all the trade of the Cheipt, k bay au its wa ters; and a caral of 8 or 10 miles, which is t wcutting, and will probably forn be completed, will br... to it l that of Albemarle Sound and its waters. Senary to this place, are the towns at the heads of the use waters; viz. Petersburg on Appamattox, Richmond on James river, Newcale on York river, Fredericksburg on Rappahannock, and Alexandria on Patomak. From thefe the distribution will be to fubordinate fituations of the country.

Alexandria ftands on the fouth bark of Patomak riv er, in Fairfax county. Its fituation is elevated and pleafant. It contains about 500 Foufes, many of which are handimely built; and 5,000 in! abitants.

Mount Vernon, the celebrated feat of the late Prefident Washington, is pleasantly fituated on the Virginia bark of the river Patomak, where it is nearly two miles wide, and is about 280 miles from the fea, and 127 from Point Look Out, at the mouth of the river. It is nine miles below Alevan lia. The area of the mount is 200 feet above the furface of the river. On either wing, is a thick grove of different flowering forest trees. Parallel with them, on the land fide, are two fpacious gardens, into which one is led by two ferpentine gravel walks, planted with weeping willows and fhady thrubs. The manfion heufe itfelt appears venerable and conve nien A lofty portico, 95 feet in length, fanprated by eight pillars, has a pleasing effe&t when viewed from the water; the whole affemblage of the green house, fchool houfe, officers and fervants halls, when feen from the land fide, bears a refemblance to a rural village; efpecially as the lands on that "fide are laid out fome. what in the form of English gardens, in meadows and grafs grounds, ornamented with little copfes, circular clumps, and fingle trees. A fmall park on the margin of the river, where the English fallow deer and the American wild deer are feen through the thi kets, a's terrately

ternately with the veffels as they are failing along, add a romantic and picturesque appearance to the whole fcenery.

Fredericksburg is on the fouth fide of Rappahannock river, 110 miles from its mouth.

Richmond' is the prefent feat of government, and ftands on the north fide of James river, juft at the foot of the falls, and contains between 500 and 600 houses, and nearly 6,000 inhabitants. A bridge between 300 and 400 yards in length has lately been thrown across James river, at the foot of the fall.

募

The falls above the bridge are feven miles in length. A noble canal is cutting and nearly, completed on the north fide of the river, which is to terminate in a bafon, of about two acres, in the town of Richmond. Front, this bafon to the wharves in the river, will be a land carriage of about a mile. This canal is cutting under. the direction of a company, who have calculated the expenfe at 30,000l. Virginia money. This they have divided into 500 fhares of 60!. each. The opening of this canal promifes the addition of much wealth to Richmond.

Petersburg, 25 miles fouthward of Richmond, ftands. on the fouth fide of Appamattox river, and contains upwards of 300 houfes, in two divifions, and 3,500 inhabitants. It is very unhealthy, being fhut from the accefs of the winds by high hills on every fide. About 2,200 hogheads of tobacco are infpected here annually. The celebrated Indian queen, Pocahontas, from whom defcended the Randolph and Bowling families, formerly refided at this place.

Williamsburg is 60 miles eastward of Richmond, fituated between James and York rivers. It confifts of about 200 houses, going faft to decay, and has about 1,400 inhabitants. At the end of the main street are two public buildings, the college and capitol. Befides. thefe, there is an Epifcopal church, a prifon, a hospital, for lunatics, and the palace; all of them extremely in-. different.

Yorktown, 13 miles eastward from Williamsburg, and 14 from Monday's Point, at the mouth of the river, is a place of about ico houfes, fituated on the fouth fide of

York

York river, and contains about 700 inhabitants. rendered famous by the capture of Lord Cornwallis and his army, on the 19th of October, 1781, by the united forces of America and France.

Colleges, Academies, c.] The college of William and Mary was founded in the time of king William and queen Mary. The profefforfhips ftand thus: A profefforthip for law and police-anatomy and medicinenatural philosophy and mathematics-moral philofophy, the law of nature and nations, the fine arts, and modern languages.

The college edifice is a huge misfhapen pile, "which, but that it has a roof, would be taken for a brick-kiln." In 1787 there were about 30 young gentlemen members of this college, a large proportion of which were law Atudents.

The academy in Prince Edward county has been erected into a college, by the name of Hampden Sydney College. It has been a flourishing feminary, but is now faid to be on the decline.

There are feveral academies in Virginia-one at Alexandria, one at Norfolk, one at Hanover, and others in other places.

Religion.] The prefent denominations of Chriftians in Virginia are Prefbyterians, who are mott numeroas, and inhabit the western parts of the State; Epifcopalians, who are the most ancient fettlers, and occupy the ealtern and first fettled parts of the State. Intermingled with thefe are great numbers of Baptifs and Methodils.

Character, Manners, and Culoms.]. Virginia, ftyled fometimes the "Ancient Dominion," has produced fome of the most diftinguished and influential men that have been active in effecting the two late grand and im portant revolutions in America. Her political and military character will tank among the first in the page of history.

The Virginians who are rich, are, in general, fenfible, polite and hofpitable, and of an independent fpirit. The poor are ignorant and abject; and all are of an iaquilitive turn.

Conflitution.] The executive powers are lodged in the hands of a governor, chofen annually, and incapable

of

of acting more than three years in feven. He is affified by a council of eight members. Legiflation is exercised by two houfes of Affembly, the one called the houfe of delegates, compofed of two members from each county, chofen annually by the citizens; the other called the fenate, confifting of 24 members, chofen quadrennially by the fame electors, who for this purpofe are diftribut ed into 24 districts. The concurrence of both houfes is neceffary to the paffing of a law.

This conftitution was the firft that was formed in any of the United States.

Manufactures and Commerce.] Before the war, the inhabitants of this State paid but little attention to the manufacture of their own clothing. It has been thought they used to import as much as feven-eighths of their clothing, and that they now manufacture three-quarters of it.

The amount of exports from this State, in the year fucceeding October 1, 1790, confifting chiefly of tobac co, wheat, Indian corn, tar, pitch, turpentine, pork, &c. was 3,131,227 dollars. About 40,000 hogfheads of tobacco were exported that year. In 1801, the exports from this state amounted to 6,483,028 dollars.

In the year 1758, this ftate exported 70,000 hogfheads of tobacco, which was the greateft quantity even produced in this State in one year.

Hiftory. The first fettlement of Virginia may be dated at the arrival of Lord Delaware in 1610. His arrival with a fresh fupply of fettlers and provifions,. revived the drooping fpirits of the former company, and gave permanency and refpectability to the fettle

ment.

In April, 1613, Mr. John Rolf, a worthy young gentleman, was married to Pocahontas, the daughter of Powhatan, the famous Indian chief. This connexion, which was very agreeable both to the English and Indians, was the foundation of a friendly and advan tageous commerce between them..

In 1616, Mr. Rolf, with his wife Pocahontas, vifited England, where fhe was treated with that attention and refpect which fhe had merited by her important fervices. to the colony of Virginia. She died the year following Gravefend, in the 22d year of her age, just as the

was

She had embraced

was about to embark for America. the Chriftian religion; and in her life and death evidenced the fincerity of her profeffion. She left a little fon, who, having received his education in England, came over to Virginia, where he lived and died in affluence and honour, leaving behind him an only daughter. Her defcendants are among the most refpectable families in Virginia.

Tomocomo, a fenfible Indian, brother-in-law to Pocahontas, accompanied her to England; and was directed by Powhatan to bring him an exact account of the numbers and ftrength of the English. For this purpofe, when he arrived at Plymouth, he took a long ftick, intending to cut a notch in it for every perfon he fhould fee. This he foon found impracticable, and threw away his flick. On his return, being asked by Powhatan, how many people there were, he is faid to have replied, "Count the ftars in the fky, the leaves on the trees, and the fands on the fea-hore; for fuch is the number of the people of England."

KENTUCKY.

Miles.

SITUATION AND EXTENTA

Length 250
Breadth 200 between
S

8° and 15° W. long

136° 30' aud 39° 30' N. lat..

Containing 50,000 fquare miles.

Boundaries.] B weft, by Cumberland river; fouth,

OUNDED northwest, by the Ohio;

by Tenneffee; eaft, by Sandy river, and a line drawn due fouth from its fource, till it ftrikes the northern boundary of North Carolina..

Civil Divifions.]

Kentucky was originally divided into two counties, Lincoln and Jefferfon. It has fince been fubdivided into the fellowing, viz.

Counties.