ly to its fource. Its general courfe is about S. S. W. It extends along the western fide of New Hampshire about 170 miles, and then paffes into Malfachusetts. Besides smaller_streams, it receives from New Hampfhire, Upper Amonoefuck, Ifrael's river, John's river, Great or Lower Amonoofuck, Sugar, Cold and Ashuelot rivers.

Connecticut river, in its course between New Hampfhire and Vermont, has two confiderable falls; the first are called Fifteen Mile Falls, between Upper and Lower Coos; the river is rapid for 20 miles. At Walpole is a fecond remarkable fall, formerly known by the name of the Great Fall, now denominated Bellows' Falls. In 1784, a bridge of timber was conftructed over this fall, 365 feet long, and fupported in the middle by a great rock, under which the highest floods pafs without detriment. Two bridges have fince been erected over this river-one at Hanover, the other at Windfor. The former is about 30 rods in length, confifting of one arch of 230 feet chord coft between 12 or 13,000 dollars; the latter, 521 feet in length exclusive of abutments-coft 20,000 dollars. This beautiful river,* in its whole length, is lined on each fide with a great number of the mott flourishing and pleasant towns in the United States. In its whole courfe it preferves a distance of from 80 to 100 miles from the fea coaft.

Merrimack river is formed by the confluence of Pemigewaffet and Winnipifeogee rivers. After the Pemigewallet receives the waters of Winnipifeogee, it takes the name of Merrimack; and, purfuing a course of about 90 miles, first in a southerly and then in an easterly direction, paffing over Hookfet, Amofkeag, and Pantuck et falls, it empties into the fea at Newburyport: From the W. it receives Blackwater, Contoocook, Pifcataquoag, Souhegan, Nafhua and Concord rivers: From the calt, Bowcook, Suncook, Cohas, Beaver, Spicket and Powow rivers. Contoocook heads near Monadnock mountain, is very rapid, and 10 or 12 miles from its mouth is 100 yards wide. Juft before its entrance into the Merrimack, it branches and forms a beautiful island of about 5 or 6 acres. This island is remarkable, as being the spot where a Mrs.

L

"No watry gleams through happier vallies shine, "Nor drinks the fea a lovelier wave than the."

BARLOW

a Mrs. Dufton performed an extraordinary exploit. This woman had been taken by a party of Indians, from Haverhill in Maffachufetts, and carried to this ifland. The Indians, 8 or 10 in number, fatigued, and thinking themfelves fecure, fell afleep. She improved this opportunity to make her efcape; and that he might effect it without danger of being purfued, fhe with one of their tomahawks killed them all, fcalped them, took their canoe, and returned down the river to Haverhill, and carried the fcalps to Bofton, where the was generously rewarded.

A bridge has lately been projected over Amoskeag falls, 556 feet in length, and 80 feet wide, fupported by 5 piers. And, what is remarkable, this bridge was rendered paffable for travellers in 57 days after it was begun. There are feven other bridges over the Merrimack-one at Newbury, two at Haverhill, one at Andover, one at Dracut, and two at Concord.

The Pifcataqua is the only large river whofe whole courfe is in New Hampshire. From its form and the fituation of its branches, it is extremely favourable to the purposes of navigation and commerce. The most refpectable bridge in the United States, has been erected over this river, 6 miles above Portsmouth, 2,600 feet in length. It coft 68,000 dollars.

Lakes.] Winnipifeogee Lake is the largest collection of water in New Hampshire. It is about 24 miles in length, from S. E. to N. W. and of very unequal breadth, from 3 to 12 miles. It is full of islands, and is fupplied with numerous rivulets from the furrounding mountains,

This lake is frozen about 3 months in a year, and many fleighs and teams, from the circumjacent towns cross it on the ice. In fummer it is navigable its whole length.

The other confiderable lakes, are Umbagog (in the N. E. corner of the State, and partly in the District of Maine) Squam, Sunnapee and Great Offapee.

Soil and Productions.] Of these there are a great variety in this ftate. The interval lands upon the margin of the large rivers are the most valuable, because they are overflowed and enriched every year, by the water from the uplands, which brings down a fat flime, or fediment.

Thefe interval lands are of various breadth, according to the near or remote fituation of the hills. On Connecticut

Connecticut river, they are from a quarter of a mile to a mile and a half on each fide; and it is obfervable that they yield wheat in greater abundance and perfection than the fame kind of foil, eaft of the height of land. These lands, in every part of the flate, yield all the other kinds of grain in the greatest perfection; but are not fo good for pafture as the uplands cf a proper quality. The wide fpreading hills are generally much esteemed as warm and rich; rocky moift land is accounted good for pafture; drained fwamps have a deep mellow foil; and the vallies between hills are generally very productive,

Apples and pears are the most common, and the prircipal fruits cultivated in this ftate. No good husbandman thinks his farm complete without an orchard.

Agriculture is the chief bufinefs of the inhabitants of this ftate. Beef, pork, mutton, poultry, wheat, rye, Irdian corn, barley, pulfe, butter, cheefe, flax, hemp, hope, efculent plants and roots, articles which will always find a market, may be produced in almost any quantity in New Hampshire.

Trade and Manufactures.] The inhabitants in the fouthwestern quarter of this Itate generally carry their produce to Boston. In the middle and northern part, as far as the Lower Coos, they trade at Portsmouth. Above the Lower Coos, there are yet no convenient roads dire&ly to the fea-coalt. The people on the upper branches of Saco river find their nearest market at Portland, in the District of Maine; and thither the inhabitants of Upper Coos have generally carried their produce: fome have gone in the other direction to New York market.

The people in the country generally manufacture heir own clothing; and confiderable quantities of tow cloth for exportation. The other manufactures are pot and pearl afhes, maple fugar, bricks and pottery, and fome iron, not fufficient, however, for home confumption, though it might be made an article of exportation. Population and Character.] The number of inhabitants, in 1790 and 1800 has been mentioned in the preceding table of divifions.

The inhabitants of New Hampshire, like the fettlers in all new countries, are in general, a hardy, robust, active, brave people.

Colleges,

Colleges, Academies, &c.] The only college in this State is in the township of Hanover, fituated on a beautiful plain about half a mile east of Connecticut river, in latitude 43° 33'. It was named Dartmouth College, after the Right Honorable William, Earl of Dartmouth, who was one of its principal benefactors. It was founded by the late pious and benevolent Dr. Eleazer Wheelock, who, in 1769, obtained a royal charter, wherein ample privileges were granted, and fuitable provifion made for the education and inftruction of youth of the Indian tribes, in reading, writing, and all parts of learning, which fhould appear neceffary and expedient for civiliz ing and chriftianizing the children of Pagans, as well as in all the liberal arts and sciences, and alfo of Englife youths and any others. It is now one of the most grow ing feminaries in the United States.

The funds of this college confift chiefly in lands, amounting to about 80,000 acres, which are increafing in value, in proportion to the growth of the country.

The number of under graduates, in 1790, was about 150; they have fince increased. A grammar school, of about 50 or 60 fcholars, is annexed to the college.

The Audents are under the immediate government and inftruction of a Prefident, who is alfo profeffor of hiftory; a profeffor of mathematics and natural philof ophy, a profeffor of languages, and two tutors.

There are a number of academies in this ftate; the principal of which is at Exeter, founded and endowed by the Hon. John Phillips, LL. D. of Exeter, and incorporated by act of affembly, in 1781, by the name of "Phillips' Exeter Academy." It is a very refpectable and useful inftitution, under the infpection of a board of trustees, and the immediate government and inftruction of a preceptor and an affiftant. It has a fund of about 15,000. one fifth of which is in lands not yet productive. The prefent annual income is 480. It has commonly from 60 to So ftudents.

An academy at New Ipfwich was incorporated in 1789; and has a fund of about 1,000l. and generally from 40 to 50 scholars.

There

There is another academy at Atkinfor, founded by the Hon. Nathaniel Peabody, who has encoved it with a donation of 1,cco acres et land. It was incorporated in 1790.

At Amherst, an academy was incorporated in 1791, by the name of the “durian Acad. 4y.” – Similar i, tie .tutions are forming at Charlestown, Concord, and ruler places, which, with thecular attention which has lately been paid to schoes, by the leg da ure, and the eftablishment of focial libraries in feveral towns, allerd a pleafing prospect of the increate of literature and uieful k..ow.edge in this State.

Chief Town] Portsmouth is the largest town in this State. It is about two miles trom the tea, on the fouth side of Pilcat que river. i crtains ab ut 645 dwelling-houfes, and nearly as many other bula ngs, befides thofe for purac ufes ; whichare three Congre ́a tional churches, one Ep fcopal, ore Un vetta.it, a fiatehouse, market houte, four school-hetes, and a wrik. houfe.

Its harbour is one of the beat on the continent, having a fufficient depth of water for veliels of any burthen.

Exeter is 15 mi.cs S. W. from Portfirouth, tatel at the head of navigation, upon Swan ieur, or Exeter river. It is well firuated for a malfacturing town, and has already a duck manufactory, in its infancy; fx lèw milk, a fulling mi I. fitting mill, paper mill, ioi m...l, two chocolate, and 10 grilt mill, iron works, and 2 printing offices. The public buildings are two Congrega tional churches, an academy, a new and handion e cearthouse and a gaol. The public offices of the State are kept here. Formerly this town was famous for thip building, but this business has not flourished fince its interruption by the war.

Concord is a pleafart, flouring inland town, fitnated on the west bank of Merrimack river, 54 miles W. N. W. from Portsmouth. The General Court of late have commonly held their fefions bere; and from its central fituation, and a thriving back country, it wil Frobably foon become the permanent feat of govern ment. Much of the trade of the upper country centers in this town.