others we have found nothing beyond the day of their commemoration in the old English calendar, their particular acts having long ceased to be extant. But in the greater number of instances the names alone of these holy ones of old, still, after the lapse of twelve centuries, clinging to the scene of their labours and the sites of their retirement, form their only, their sole memorial! To use the words of a pious writer of the last century, They were all renowned in their days for the sanctity of their lives, and however little thought on at present upon earth, shine most gloriously in heaven!" This general notice will serve to explain the reason why in this part of our work so many Cornish saints have no accounts given of them beyond the name of the village or town in which their dedications occur.

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SS. Cosmas and Damian, MM., c. 303. Two brothers, always mentioned conjointly, who were born in Arabia, but studied in Syria, and became eminent for their skill in physic, which they devoted to the service of the poor of the Church; being earnest preachers of the faith in Cilicia, they were apprehended under the persecution of Diocletian, and after various torments beheaded. They are always represented together, sometimes with surgical instruments, often with the caduceus and a spatula, surrounded with medicine bottles, &c. In Le Clerc they are drawn visiting two sick persons, with rays of light streaming on them from above.

They are commemorated in the Church of Rome on Sept. 27th. The Church of Challock, and one in the city of Canterbury, both in Kent, are named in their honour.

S. Creed is commemorated at the Church and village of Creed, Cornwall.

S. Crevenna, or Crowenna, at the Church and village of Crowan, Cornwall.

S. Cuby, or S. Keby, A.D. 380. The Churches of Kenwyn, two of Duloe, and the village and Church of Cuby, all in Cornwall, are named in honour of this saint, who was commemorated on April 26th. There are also Churches in Wales dedicated to the same saint, who was ordained by S. Hilary of Poictiers, and is said to have founded a small monastery at Holyhead, in Anglesea, and to have been a native of Cornwall.

S. Culbone is honoured at the Church and village of Culbone, Somerset.

S. Cuthberga, V. Ab., c. 727. Was sister to King Ina of the West Saxons, and affianced to Aldfred; king of Northumbria, but preferring a life of religious seclusion to the high worldly position to which she was born, she gave up all and retired to the monastery of Barking in Essex. She afterwards founded the monastery of Wimbourne in Dorsetshire, of which she became abbess, and where her memory yet lives in the dedication of the noble minster. She was commemorated on Aug. 31st.

S. Cuthbert, B., A.D. 687. The legend of this most celebrated of the Anglo-Saxon Bishops, tells us that he was originally a shepherd, and in his early youth it was foretold by an angel that he would rise to eminence in the Church. He

first entered the monastery of Melrose, then removed to Lindisfarne, and for some years led a solitary life on Farne island, an islet off that coast. Here it is related of him, that while doing penance in the open air he fainted from the severity of the cold and damp, and otters came out of the water and licked his limbs until animation was restored to them. He was afterwards made Bishop of Lindisfarne, and "following the example of the Apostles he became an ornament to the episcopal dignity by his from sculpture in Durvirtuous actions; for he was much inflamed with the fire of divine charity, modest in the virtue of patience, most diligently intent on devout prayers, and affable to all that came to him for comfort"." He was considered the tutelar saint of the diocese of Durham, and his life by Bede is still extant, recording of him so many wonderful

" Bede, Eccl. Hist., book iv. c. 28.

8 CUTHBERT,

ham Cathedral

miracles that he was called Thaumaturgus. Many years after his death his body was taken up at Lindisfarne to be translated to Durham, and was found quite incorrupt; and when his shrine was demo. lished in the reign of Henry VIII., the visitors employed upon that sacrilegious purpose,-no very friendly witnesses, assert that his body was still whole and unchanged, though eight hundred years must have elapsed since his interment. He was commemorated on March 20th. Sixty Churches are named in his sole honour, and four in the joint names of SS. Mary and Cuthbert. When S. Oswald's head was recovered by King Oswy some years after his death from the pagan Mercians, it was deposited as a sacred relic between the arms of S. Cuthbert: he is therefore generally represented in full episcopal costume, carrying S. Oswald's head; sometimes he has an otter near him, in reference to the above legend, and occasionally a swan, the emblem of solitude.

S. Cuthman, C., c. A.D. 875. Very little is known concerning this saint, beyond that he was in very humble circumstances, and supported his mother by his daily labour, devoting all the rest of his time to the erection of a Church, which he commenced and carried on by himself, and which it is supposed occupied the site of the only Church now dedicated in

See account of S. Oswald.

his name, Steyning in Sussex. rated on February 8th.

He was commemo

S. Cyprian. See Calendar, September 26th, p. 110. S. Cyriac, M., A.D. 303. A holy deacon at Rome under the Popes Marcellus and Marcellinus; he suffered martyrdom with several companions during the persecution of Diocletian, from whose daughter he is said to have cast out a devil. He is represented in the dress of a deacon, with a devil or dragon chained near him; sometimes the maiden stands near him with a crown at her feet. He (with his companions) is commemorated in the Church of Rome on August 8th. The Churches named in his honour in England, are Swaffham Priors in Cambridgeshire, South Poole in Devonshire, and Laycock in Wiltshire.

S. Cyricus, or Quiricus, called also S. Cyr, or S. Cyrus, M., c. 305, suffered martyrdom at the age of three years with his noble mother Julitta, at Tarsus, under the persecution of the Emperor Diocletian. He was torn from his mother's arms by Alexander, governor of Tarsus, in order to try her faith and constancy, while she was stretched upon the rack; he struggled to get back to her, declaring that he too was a Christian, which so enraged the governor that he took the child by the foot and dashed his brains out against the corner of a step. He is commemorated with his mother on the 16th of June, and is very extensively honoured in France.