I

To come in after p. 366.

Philadelphia, Oct. 3, 1775 ‡.

With as ardently as you can do for peace, and fhould rejoice exceedingly in co-operating with you to that end. But every fhip from Britain brings fome intelligence of new measures that tend more and more to exafperate; and it seems to me that until you have found by dear experience the reducing us by force impracticable, you will think of nothing fair and reasonable.We have as yet refolved only on defenfive meafures. If you would recall your forces and stay at home, we should meditate nothing to injure you. A little time fo given for cooling on both fides would have excellent effects. But you will goad and provoke us. You defpife us too much; and you are infenfible of the Italian adage, that there is no little enemy I am perfuaded the body of the British people are our friends; but they are changeable, and by your lying Gazettes may foon be made our enemies. Our respect for them will proportionally diminish; and I fee clearly we are on the high road to mutual enmity, hatred, and deteftation. A feparation will of course be inevitable.—'Tis a million of pities so fair a plan

as we have hitherto been engaged in for increafing ftrength and empire with public felicity, should be destroyed by the mangling hands of a few blundering minifters. It will not be destroyed: God will protect and profper it: You will only exclude yourfeives from any fhare in it.-We hear that more ships and troops are coming out. We know you may do us a great deal of mischief, but we are determined to bear it patiently as long as we can; but if you flatter yourselves with beating us into fubmiffion, you know neither the people nor the country.

The congrefs is ftill fitting, and will wait the refult of their laft petition.

IND E X.

A.

A Griculture, takes place of manufactures until a country is fully

cultivated, 3, 165.

Air, humid, the circulation of, how produced, 511.

Albany plan of union. See Union.

Alphabet, fcheme for reforming, 467. Table of, 470. Specimens
written in the propofed characters, 471. Correfpondence with a
Lady in confidering the merits of it, 472.

America, the population of, not to be judged of, according to the
principles applicable to Europe, 1. Marriages, why more frequent
there than in Europe, 3. Why labour will long continue dear
there, ibid. Argument against an union of the British colonies
under one government, 21. State of toleration there, 76. Re-
flections on the scheme of impofing taxes on the colonies without
their confent, 120. Thoughts on American representation in the
British parliament, 129. Forts in the back fettlements, no fe-
curity against France &c. while in poffeffion of Canada, 155.
The wars carried on there against the French not merely in the
cause of the colonies, 162. Preference of North America over
the Weft Indian colonies ftated, 171. Their great navigable rivers
favourable to inland trade, 176. What commodities the inland
parts of, are fitted to produce, 177. The productions of, do not
interfere with thofe of Britain, 182. Comparative estimate of
English exports to, and to the Weft India islands, 186. Ob-
ftructions to an union of the different colonies, in a revolt against
Britain, 191. Reafons given for reftraining the emiffion of paper-
bills of credit there, 206. Remarks on these reasons, 207. The
intended scheme of a Bank there described, 218.

Armies, the means of fupporting them pointed out, 20.
Atmosphere, remarks on the height and denfity of, 515. On the cir-
culation of, 511.

Aurora Borealis, conjectures toward forming an hypothefis for the
explanation of, 504. And electric fluid, identity of, 510. By
what ftages the fluid rifes, 514. Its motion in vacuo, 516. The
feasons the aurora moft ufually appear in, 517. Arc and parallel
rays of, 518. Queries relating to, 519. Farther hints relating
to, by Dr. Franklin, 521. Another caufe of, conjectured, 527-
M. Mairan's remarks upon, 529.

B. Baxter,

B.

Baxter, Mr. remarks on his inquiry into the nature of the human
foul, 479.

Bills of Mortality, reasonings formed on those for populous cities,
not applicable to the country, 1.

Bishops, the introduction of, in America, by whom, and why dif-
liked, 78.

Body, political and human, compared, 172.

Boston, preface to the votes and proceedings of the town meeting
of, 323.

Bullion, the causes of its variations in price, 217.

C.

Canada, its importance to this country compared with that of Gua-
daloupe, 148. The confequences of leaving it in the poffeffion
of France, itated, 154. Has always checked the growth of our
colonies, 165. The rivers and lakes in, favourable to trade,
177. Is easily to be peopled, without draining Great Britain of
inhabitants, 200.

Carriage, inland, no obftruction to trade, 174. Inftances, 175.
China, precaution used there against famine, 42.

Clark, Dr. of Boston, his account of the French method of infti-
gating the North American Indians against the English, 150, note.
Clouds, the heights of, fuggefted, with conjectures, 522.
Club at Philadelphia, rules for, 533.

Colonies, American, their former accustomed mode of granting aids
to government, 231. Prevailing popular opinions ought to be
regarded in fovereignty, 232. That money could not be levied
on the colonists but by their own confent, an universal opinion,
233. The ftamp-act an unwife measure, 234. Its repeal highly
acceptable, 235. New duties impofed on them, for the payment
of crown officers there, 236. Sentiments of the colonists on the
act for abolishing the legislature of New York, 239. The im-
portation of British felons among them, highly difagrecable, 242.
Thoughts on a union of, with Great Britain, 246. Governor
Pownal's thoughts on an equal communication of British rights to
America, 252. Reply to, 254. Dr. Franklin's examination
before the house of commons on American taxation, 255. Ex-
ternal and internal taxation diftinguifhed, 270. The acts of the
affemblies and proceedings of the mobs, not to be confounded,
285. The laft war not undertaken merely for their defence, 288.
Troops from Britain not neceffary to defend the inhabitants against

the

the Indians, 290. Mr. Strahan's queries relating to the difcontents
there, 302. Replies to, 305. The duty on tea how confidered
there, 306. General review of the difputes with, 323. Circum-
ftances of their first establishment stated, 358. Intended offer of,
363. The ground of credit of, compared with that of Great
Britain, 376. Governor Pownal's state of the conftitution of the
colonies; with remarks by Dr. Franklin, 537. Corollaries from
the foregoing principles, 541. The courts eftablifhed there, as
ample in their jurifdiction and powers, as thofe in England, 542.
Colony fubjects cannot be removed from their own courts to foreign
jurifdictions, 543. They are in fuch cases intitled to the writ
of Habeas corpus, 544.

Colonies, western, plan for fettling two in North America, 133.
Advantages of, 136.

Colony governments, establishment of, and diftinction among, 358,.
387, note.

Commerce, its influence on the manners of a people, 20.

Fair and
upon equal terms, ftated, 45. Is beft encouraged by being left
free, 52. Should not be prohibited in time of war, 54. The
profits of, mutual, 55. By inland carriage, how fupported, 174.
Conductors, pointed, experiments of their utility in fecuring build-
ings from lightning, 487. Objections confidered, 495. Occa-.
fion of the difpute on the preference between blunted and pointed.
conductors, &c. 499, note.

Congress, American, intended vindication and offer of, to parlia-
ment, 357.

Corn, ill policy of laying reftraints on the exportation of, 50, 58.
A country never drained of corn by exportation, 51.

Countries, diftant and unprovided, a plan for benefiting, 37. Scheme.
of a voyage to that intent, 40.

Credit, that of Great Britain, and America, compared, 376. De-
pends on payment of loans, 377. Induftry, ibid. Frugality,
378. Public fpirit, 379. Income and fecurity, 380. Profpects
of future ability, 381. Prudence, ibid. Character for honesty,
383.

D.

Dalrymple, Mr. fcheme of a voyage to benefit remote regions, pro-
posed to be undertaken under his command, 40.

Denny, Governor, remarks on his official conduct in Pensylvania,
426.

Dickenson, Mr. his remarks on the late views of administration in
framing laws over the colonies, 241. Remarks on his conduct,
451. On his proteft, 463,

E. Earth,