12. All the stages of the journey, all the forms which cross or overtake the pilgrims-giants, and hobgoblins, M-favored ones and shining ones, the tall, comely, swarthy Madam Bubble, with her great purse by her side, and her fingers playing with her money; the black man in the bright vesture; Mr. Worldly Wiseman, and my Lord Hategood; Mr. Talkative,1 and Mrs. Timorous1 are all actually existing beings to us.◊◊

13. We follow the travellers through their allegorical progress with interest not inferior to that with which we follow Elizabeth from Siberia to Moscow, or Jeanie Deans from Edinburgh to London.

14. Bunyan is almost the only writer that ever gave to the abstract the interest of the concrete. In the works of many celebrated authors, men are mere personifications. We have not an Othello, but jealousy; not an lago, but perfidy, not a Brutus, but patriotism.

EARLY RECOLLECTIONS.- -[COWPER]

"Be it a weakness, it deserves some praise,
We love the play-place of our early days;
The scene is touching, and the heart is stone,
That feels not at the sight, and feels at none.
The wall2 on which we tried our graving skill,
l'he very name we carved subsisting still;

The bench? on which we sat while deep employed.
Tho' mangled, hacked, and hewed, not yet destroyed;
The little ones,2 unbuttoned, glowing hot,

1 Rule I, Rem. 4. 2 These sentences may be completed by supplying here is," or some similar expression.

Playing our games, and on the very spot,
As happy as we once, to kneel and draw
The chalky ring, and knuckle down at taw,
To pitch the ball into the grounded hat,

Or drive it devious with a dexterous pat;
The pleasing spectacle at once excites
Such recollection of our own delights,
That, viewing it, we seem almost t’obtain
Our innocent sweet simple years again.
This fond attachment to the well known place,
Whence first we started into life's long race,
Maintains its hold with such unfailing sway,
We feel it e'en in age, and at our latest day.

GOD EVERYWHERE.—[Cowper.]

Nature is but a name for an effect,

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Whose cause is God. He feeds the sacred fire
By which the mighty process is maintained
Who sleeps not, is not weary in whose sight
Slow circling ages are as transient days
Whose work is without labor; whose designs
No flaw deforms, no difficulty thwarts
And whose beneficence no change exhausts.
Him blind antiquity profaned, not served,

With self-taught rites, and under various names,
Female and male, Pompona, Pales, Pan
And Flora and Vertumnus; peopling earth
With tutelary goddesses and gods,

That were not; and commending as they would
To each some province, garden, field, or grove.
But all are under one. One spirit-Ilis,
Who wore the platted thorns with bleeding brows
strode the burning deck
Lågen gecheckta for Troy.

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Rules universal nature. Not a flower

But shows some touch, in freckle, streak, or stain
Of his unrivalled pencil. He inspires

Their balmy odours, and imparts their hues,
And bathes their eyes with nectar, and includes
In grains as countless as the sea-side sands,
The forms with which he sprinkles all the earth.
Happy who walks with him! whom* what he finds
Of flavour or of scent in fruit or flower,
Or what he views of beautiful or grand
In nature, from the broad majestic oak,

To the green blade that twinkles in the sun,
Prompts with remembrance of present God.
His presence, who made all so fair, perceived,
Makes all still fairer. As with him no scene
Is dreary, so with him all seasons please.—.

AVARICE AND RICHES.-[POPE.]

At length corruption, like a general flood
So long by watchful ministers withstood,
Shall deluge all; and avarice, creeping on,
Spread like a low-born mist, and blot the sun;
Statesman and patriot ply alike the stocks,
Peeress and butler share alike the box,
And judges job, and bishops bite the town,

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And mighty dukes pack cards for half a crown.

See Britain sunk in lucre's solid charms,

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And France revenged of Anne's and Edward's arms!

Twas no court-badge, great scrivener! fired thy brain,

Nor lordly luxury, nor city gain.

Rule XXI, Rem. 8. 2 See Weld's Gram. § 102-2. *O' what verb is whom the object?

No, 'twas thy righteous end,* ashamed to see
Senates degenerate, patriots disagree,1

And nobly wishing party-rage to cease,

To buy both sides, and give thy country peace.
All this is madness,' cries a sober sage;
But who my friend has reason in his rage?
The ruling passion, be it what it will,

3

The ruling passion conquers reason still.

Less mad the wildest whimsey we can frame,

Than even that passion, if it has no aim;

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For though such motives2 folly2 you may call,

The folly's greater to have none at all.

Hear then the truth: "Tis Heaven each passion sends,
And different men directs to different ends.
Extremes in nature equal good produce,

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Extremes in man concur to general use.

Ask we what makes one keep, and one bestow?
That power who bids the ocean ebb and flow;
Bids seed time, harvest, equal course maintain,
Through reconciled extremes of drought and rain;
Builds life on death, on change duration founds,
And gives the eternal wheels to know their rounds.
Riches, like insects, when concealed they lie,
Wait but3 for wings, and in their season fly:
Who sees pale Mammon pine amidst his store,
Sees but a backward steward for the poor
This year a reservoir4 to keep and spare,
The next a fountain,4 spouting through his heir,
In lavish streams to quench a country's thirst,
And men and dogs shall drink him till they burst.

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1 Rule XIX. 2 Rule XI. 3 Rule XXI, Rem. 9. • Rule I. * Mention all the subjects of the verb fired in the three lines above. How many simple sentences can be formed in those thre lines? To what word do ashamed and wishing belong?

CHAPTER XI.

THE PURITANS. [MACAULAY.]

1. The Puritans were men whose minds had derived ■ peculiar character from the daily contemplation of superior beings and eternal interests. Not content with acknowledging, in general terms, an overruling Providence, they habitually ascribed every event to the will of the Great Being, for whose power nothing was too vast, for whose inspection nothing was too minute. To know him, to serve1 him, to enjoy him, was with them the great end of existence.

2. They rejected with contempt the ceremonious homage which other sects substituted for the pure worship of the soul. Instead of catching occasional glimpses of the Deity through an obscuring veil, they aspired to gaze full on the intolerable brightness, and to commune with him face to face. Hence originated their contempt for terrestrial distinctions.

3. The difference between the greatest and meanest of mankind seemed to vanish, when compared with the boundless interval which separated the whole race from him on whom their own eyes were constantly fixed. They recognized no title to superiority but his favor; and confident of that favor, they despised all the accomplish ments and all the dignities of the world.

4. If they were unacquainted with the works of phiosophers and poets, they were deeply read in the oracles of God. If their names were not found in the registers of heralds, they felt assured that they were recorded in the Book of Life. If their steps were not accompanied

'Rule IV Rem. I.