is governed by a queen, whom we saw yesterday. We rowed in one of the ship's boats four or five miles, and came in sight of the town after rounding a projecting low point. Our eyes were at once arrested by a wall about twenty feet high, pierced for guns (forty in number), which. we found, on closer inspection, to be mere rubblework-the stones not much larger than one's head, built with lime and mortar—and, as our companions told us, far more efficient than any Portuguese fort they had seen on the mainland. We were guided through a strong gateway in one of the side walls into a court, where there were two small cannonI suppose, pieces of horse artillery. At the further end was the door of the hall of public business, which we entered, and passed up between two rows of men who were sitting on the side benches. The hall may have been ten feet or twelve feet wide, and four or five times as long, lighted by high windows on one side, opening into the court. Our guide introduced us to a sallow-faced elderly man, dressed in a long white shirt, with a fine white scarf round his shoulders, and a turban. This turned out to be the second minister of state. Soon a younger, stouter, more cheerful-looking man entered; the whole assembly rose; he seated himself next the minister; we four-Livingstone, Rowley, Kirk, and myself—sitting at the head of the opposite side. This man turned out to be in no way connected with the state, but only a merchant from the neighbouring island of Johanna—a man, however, of considerable influence and esteem in that island. He acted as interpreter, and asked us what we wished. We named our wants, on which the second minister at once acceded, named the price, and referred us to a special officer (? the Minister for Foreign Affairs), whose duty is to interpret for strangers, and see that they get what they want. They asked who we were, had heard of Nyassa, could not remember the name Killimane, and finally asked if we should like to see the Queen. We went up a flight of wooden steps, partly hidden, at the upper end of the hall, and entered by a trapdoor to the equal-sized room above; at the farther end was a Turkey carpet, with eight arm-chairs on both sides, facing each other, and the Queen seated at the top, and looking down the room. We made our bows and sat down. She was enfolded in broad scarfs (say half-yard wide) of rich cloth of silk and gold thread, and had on her face a Mohammedan ornament hiding her visage from the middle of the nose to the middle of the chin; she had bright black eyes, and the elder of her two sons, a boy about four years old, sat in his nurse's lap beside her. She seemed to take some interest in our affairs; asked if Rowley and I were brothers (it is not the first time it has been asked); was surprised at Dr Livingstone having spent so many years alone in Africa; asked if he had not been afraid, on which he turned to one of his Makololo, who were at the audience and returned to the Queen his answer, that if a man comes to their country quietly he need not be afraid; but if he comes to hurt them, or steal their things, they will soon frighten him. We had sherbet served in common English tumblers, and sugar-water, scented with rose-water apparently. Dr Livingstone had brought some velveteen and a piece of shawl pattern as a present, but gave it to the prince rather than to so fine a lady. On leaving, we were invited by our Johanna friend to his house, and immediately after up came two Frenchmen, a priest and a layman, of whom we had heard. We promised to visit their cottage when we left our earlier inviter. He told us when we were quietly in his house, that the Mohella people were afraid of these Frenchmen, and would be glad to be rid of them, that they would like to have an English consul like Johanna, but that the ministers of State would speak to us about it. The first minister was not well, and while they went to arrange for our seeing him, we paid our visit to the Frenchmen. They did not seem to be doing much. The farmer had not begun to cultivate, nor the priest to preach or try to convert. They had been here three months, and had come from Madagascar. On leaving them we were led to the house of the first minister, a stouter, more genial-looking man than the second, though there was an earnestness and look of truth and strength of character about both.-The Guardian. PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. 1. Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester. January and February 1862.-From the Society. 2. Vis Inertia Victa; or, Fallacies Affecting Science. By JAMES REDDIE.-From the Author. 3. Journal of the Chemical Society for January 1862. From the Society. 4. American Journal of Science and Arts, for November 1861.-From the Editors, with the following notice : To the Patrons of the "American Journal of Science," and the Cut off by the exigencies of the times from a large number of our subscribers-residents in disloyal States and participating in the inconveniences consequent on the general derangement of public affairs, the Proprietors of this Journal trust they may be permitted to express to their subscribers and to the friends of Science generally, the hope that they will in all cases renew and continue their subscriptions to the AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE for the ensuing year. Claiming the privilege of bearing cheerfully our share of the present demands on all patriotic citizens, our hope is to receive such a measure of co-operation from the friends of Science as will enable us to sustain with credit the public trust so long, by their indulgence, committed to our hands. This co-operation we look for not only from those whose names have long been on our lists; but from many others also who may desire thus to testify their good will to the cause we represent. SILLIMAN & DANA, Proprietors of the Am. Jour. Sci. NEW HAVEN, CT., November 1st, 1861. Abstract of the Meteorological Register for 1861, kept at Arbroath, by ALEXANDER BROWN, Honorary Member of the Literary and Philosophical Height of the Barometer above the Sea, 75 feet; height of the Thermometer from the ground, 11 feet, and of the Rain-Gauge, 2 feet. 336 Scientific Intelligence. INDEX. Aberdeen, Lord, Biographical Sketch of, 88 Equoria vitrina, Reproduction in, by Dr T. 8. Wright, 144 Allman, Professor, on the Phosphorescence of Beröe, 284 on the Structure and Development of the Beroidæ, 285 Animal Series, and Parallelic Classification, 328 Araucaria imbricata, Remarks on, by Mr M'Nab, 312 Atractylis arenosa, 144 Australian Expedition to Gulf of Carpentaria, 319 Balfour, Professor, Notes of Trip to North of Italy and Chamouni, 133 on a New Species of Clerodendron (C. Thomsonæ) from Old Calabar, Baxter, H. F., on Nerve Force, 7 on the Influence of Magnetism over Organic Force, 180 on the Connection between Organic Force and Crystalline Force, 194 Beaver, Habits of the, 299 Beeches, Disease of, 307 Beröe, Phosphorescence of, 284 Beroidæ, Structure and Development of the, 285 Birds of Linlithgowshire and Berwickshire, by the Rev. John Duns, 295 Botanical Society of Edinburgh, Proceedings of, 130, 307 Bryson, Alexander, on the Aqueous Origin of Granite, 52 Calluna vulgaris in United States, 162 Campbell, Lord, Biographical Sketch of, 95 Carrington, Dr Benjamin, on Cyperaceæ, 137 Catadioptric Altitude and Azimuth Circle, by Edward Sang, Esq., 292 Chondracanthus Lophii, Structure of, by William Turner, M.B., and H. S. Wilson, M.D., 290 Cleghorn, Dr Hugh, Notice of Voyage to Alexandria, 130 Clerodendron Thomsona of Old Calabar described, 232 X Climate of Palestine, 169 Climatology, Medical, by Dr R. E. Scoresby-Jackson, noticed, 118 Cœlenterata, Manual of, by Professor Joseph R. Greene, noticed, 129 Coffee-tree in Ceylon, Insects injurious to the, 17 Colour, Production of, by the Prism, and certain Optical Phenomena, 187 Cyperaceæ, Notes on the, 137 Dalzel, Professor Andrew, Biographical Sketch of, 282 Davies, J. Alexander, on the Production of Colour by the Prism, and certain De Candolle, Alphonse, Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, Casimir, on the Structure and Production of Cork in the Cork Oak, Doherty, Dr Hugh, on Organic Method in Zoology, 63 Dyas, as applied to the Permian Group of Rocks, 71 Fishes, Cervical and Occipital Vertebræ of Osseous, 243 from Old Calabar, by Dr John Cleland, 303 Flowering of Plants in the Botanic Garden, 324 Forbes, Principal, on the Climate of Palestine in Modern compared to Ancient Times, 169 Fossil Plants in Coal-beds of Arkansas, 151 Fruits, Tertiary, in United States, 328 Geological Intelligence, 145, 328 Glaciers in New Zealand, 338 Granite, Aqueous Origin of, 52 Haast, Julius, on Glaciers and Alps of New Zealand, 338 Hebrides, Outer, Pagan Monuments of the, 235 Heteropoda, Anatomy and Classification of the, 289 Holothuria, New Form of, by Dr John Anderson, 302 Hydractinia areolata, 144 Ichthyosaurus Normanniæ, 160 Jardine, Sir William, on the Salmon Fisheries of England and Wales in 1861, King, Professor William, on certain Species of Permian Shells said to occur on the Origin of Species, 253 Labyrinthodon, 328 Lighthouses, Commissioners' Report on, reviewed, 113 Lightning Figures, Remarks on, 46 Livingstone Expedition, 338 Macdonald, John Denis, R.N., on the Anatomy and Classification of Hetero- poda, 289 Magnetism and Organic Force, 180 Malvern Hills, Chemical Geology of, 1 Medlicott, H. B., on Sub-Himalayan Rocks, 154 Meteorological Register, by Alexander Brown, 336 |